SAT Math Essential Vocabulary List | SAT数学必备词汇列表

📚 SAT Math Essential Vocabulary List | SAT数学必备词汇列表

Mastering SAT Math requires more than just problem-solving skills – it demands a solid grasp of mathematical terminology. This essential vocabulary list covers the key English terms you will encounter on test day, helping you decode word problems quickly and accurately. Use these terms to build confidence and avoid simple misreadings that can cost valuable points.

攻克 SAT 数学不仅需要解题技巧，还需要扎实掌握数学术语。这份核心词汇表涵盖你将在考试中遇到的关键英文术语，帮助你迅速而准确地理解应用题。掌握这些词汇能让你树立信心，避免因简单误读而丢掉宝贵的分数。

1. Arithmetic Operations & Properties | 算术运算与性质

The four basic operations and their related properties form the foundation of all quantitative reasoning. Familiarity with terms like sum, product, and quotient allows you to translate verbal descriptions into mathematical expressions without hesitation. Pay special attention to words indicating order of operations and properties such as distributive or commutative.

四则基本运算及其相关性质是所有定量推理的基础。熟悉 sum、product、quotient 等术语，能让你毫不犹豫地将文字描述转化为数学表达式。特别要注意表示运算顺序和分配律、交换律等性质的词语。

2. Fractions, Decimals & Percents | 分数、小数与百分数

Questions on fractions, decimals, and percents frequently appear in the SAT Math sections. You need to instantly recognize terms like numerator and denominator, and be comfortable converting between representations. Words such as ‘reciprocal’ and ‘decimal point’ often show up in instructions that can make or break a solution.

涉及分数、小数和百分数的题目在 SAT 数学中频繁出现。你必须能立刻识别 numerator（分子）、denominator（分母）等术语，并能自如地在这几种表示形式之间转换。reciprocal（倒数）和 decimal point（小数点）等词语常出现在解题指引中，可能决定答题成败。

3. Ratios, Proportions & Rates | 比、比例与速率

SAT problems often involve comparing quantities using ratios, proportions, and rates. Terms like ‘direct proportion’ and ‘unit rate’ can be tricky if you haven’t practiced them. Mastering this vocabulary enables you to set up equations correctly from real-world scenarios involving speed, density, or scale factors.

SAT 题目经常用比、比例和速率来比较量。如果没有练习过，’direct proportion’（正比例）和 ‘unit rate’（单位速率）等术语可能会很棘手。掌握这些词汇可以让你在涉及速度、密度或比例尺的实际情境中正确列出方程。

4. Algebraic Expressions & Equations | 代数表达式与方程

Algebra is the language of SAT Math. Understanding terms like coefficient, variable, and polynomial is fundamental. In addition, knowing the difference between an expression and an equation, and being able to interpret instructions such as ‘solve for x’ or ‘simplify the expression’ will save you critical time.

代数是 SAT 数学的语言。理解 coefficient（系数）、variable（变量）和 polynomial（多项式）是基础。此外，区分表达式和方程，能理解 ‘solve for x’（解出 x）或 ‘simplify the expression’（化简表达式）等指令，将为你节省关键时间。

5. Functions & Graphs | 函数与图像

Functions are at the heart of the Heart of Algebra and Passport to Advanced Math sections. Recognizing vocabulary like domain, range, and intercept is essential to interpret function notation and graphs. Mission-critical terms also include ‘rate of change’ and ‘asymptote’ when dealing with linear and non-linear functions.

函数是代数核心和高级数学入门部分的核心。要理解函数符号和图像，必须认识 domain（定义域）、range（值域）和 intercept（截距）等术语。在处理线性与非线性函数时，’rate of change’（变化率）和 ‘asymptote’（渐近线）等词语也至关重要。

6. Geometry: Lines & Angles | 几何：线与角

SAT geometry questions rely heavily on precise terminology for lines and angles. Words like parallel, perpendicular, acute, and obtuse describe relationships that you must quickly identify in diagrams. Knowing the names of angle pairs – such as vertical and supplementary – will let you set up equations almost automatically.

SAT 几何题高度依赖关于线与角的精确术语。parallel（平行）、perpendicular（垂直）、acute（锐角）、obtuse（钝角）等词语描述的关系，你必须迅速在图形中识别出来。了解 vertical（对顶）、supplementary（补角）等角对名称，将使你几乎可以自动地列出方程。

7. Geometry: Triangles & Polygons | 几何：三角形与多边形

Triangles and polygons account for a significant share of geometry problems. The SAT expects you to be fluent with terms like isosceles, hypotenuse, and perimeter. Moreover, questions often combine vocabulary such as ‘congruent’ and ‘similar’ with proportional reasoning, so memorizing these definitions is non-negotiable.

三角形和多边形占几何题的相当一部分。SAT 期望你能流利运用 isosceles（等腰）、hypotenuse（斜边）和 perimeter（周长）等术语。此外，题目经常将 ‘congruent’（全等）和 ‘similar’（相似）等词汇与比例推理结合在一起，因此熟记这些定义是必不可少的。

8. Circles & Solid Geometry | 圆与立体几何

Circle problems frequently test radius, diameter, circumference, and arc. Solid geometry introduces surface area and volume of shapes like spheres, cylinders, and cones. You must be able to distinguish between ‘radius’ and ‘radian’, as well as between ‘sector’ and ‘segment’, to avoid costly mistakes.

关于圆的题目经常考查 radius（半径）、diameter（直径）、circumference（周长）和 arc（弧）。立体几何则引入球体、圆柱体和锥体的表面积与体积。你必须能够区分 ‘radius’（半径）与 ‘radian’（弧度）、’sector’（扇形）与 ‘segment’（弓形），以避免代价高昂的错误。

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