📚 Common Mistakes in Year 7 SQA French and How to Fix Them | 七年级 SQA 法语常见误区与纠正方法
Learning French in Year 7 is an exciting journey, but it also comes with its fair share of hurdles. Many SQA students stumble over the same recurring errors – mixing up le and la, forgetting adjective agreement, or mispronouncing silent letters. This guide unpacks the most frequent mistakes made by beginners and gives you clear strategies to put them right. With short, practical explanations and plenty of examples, you will build stronger foundations and feel more confident speaking, writing and understanding French.
七年级开始学法语是一段令人兴奋的旅程，但也伴随着不少挑战。许多SQA学生会反复犯同样的错误：混淆le和la、忘记形容词配合、或者读错不发音的字母。本指南将一一拆解初学者最常见的误区，并提供清晰的纠正方法。通过简短实用的解释和大量例子，你将打下更扎实的基础，在说法语、写法语和理解法语时更加自信。
1. Gender of Nouns: Le vs La | 名词的阴阳性
One of the very first mistakes is assuming every noun is masculine. Learners often write ‘le table’ or ‘la garçon’. In French, every noun has a gender – masculine or feminine – and the article must match. For example, table is feminine: la table; garçon is masculine: le garçon. To avoid this mistake, always learn the article together with the noun. Say ‘la porte’ instead of just ‘porte’. Use a colour code in your vocabulary book: blue for masculine, pink for feminine. Also notice common endings: nouns ending in -tion, -sion, -té are usually feminine (la natation, la télévision, la liberté), while words ending in -eau, -ment, -age are often masculine (le bateau, le médicament, le fromage – but exceptions exist).
最常见的错误之一就是以为所有名词都是阳性。初学者常常写出 ‘le table’ 或 ‘la garçon’。法语中每个名词都有性别——阳性或阴性，冠词必须与之匹配。例如，table 是阴性：la table；garçon 是阳性：le garçon。避免错误的方法就是永远把冠词和名词一起学习。要说 ‘la porte’ 而不是仅仅记 ‘porte’。在词汇本里用颜色标记：蓝色代表阳性，粉色代表阴性。还要注意常见词尾：以 -tion、-sion、-té 结尾的名词通常是阴性（la natation, la télévision, la liberté），以 -eau、-ment、-age 结尾的词常是阳性（le bateau, le médicament, le fromage——但有例外）。
A related mistake is using the wrong indefinite article. Instead of ‘un chaise’, it should be ‘une chaise’ because chaise is feminine. Remember: un for masculine, une for feminine. There is also the plural ‘des’ which works for both genders, but you must still know the gender for adjective agreement later. When in doubt, check a dictionary – the abbreviation ‘nm’ stands for nom masculin, ‘nf’ for nom féminin.
与此相关的错误是使用错误的不定冠词。不应该说 ‘un chaise’，而应该是 ‘une chaise’，因为 chaise 是阴性。记住：un 用于阳性，une 用于阴性。还有复数定冠词 ‘des’ 适用于两种性别，但你之后依然需要知道名词的性别来配合形容词。不确定时查字典——缩写 ‘nm’ 代表阳性名词，’nf’ 代表阴性名词。
2. Adjective Agreement and Position | 形容词的性数配合与位置
Beginners often forget to change the adjective to match the noun’s gender and number. They might say ‘un petit fille’ or ‘les voitures vert’. The correct forms are ‘une petite fille’ (feminine, so add -e) and ‘les voitures vertes’ (feminine plural, add -es). The general rule is: add -e for feminine, -s for masculine plural, and -es for feminine plural. There are irregular adjectives too: beau becomes belle in feminine (un beau jardin, une belle maison); vieux becomes vieille (un vieux livre, une vieille chanson). Common irregular adjectives should be memorised early.
初学者常常忘记让形容词与名词的性、数相配合。他们可能会说 ‘un petit fille’ 或 ‘les voitures vert’。正确的形式是 ‘une petite fille’（阴性，因此加 -e）和 ‘les voitures vertes’（阴性复数，加 -es）。一般规则是：阴性加 -e，阳性复数加 -s，阴性复数加 -es。也有一些不规则的形容词：beau 变成 belle（un beau jardin, une belle maison）；vieux 变成 vieille（un vieux livre, une vieille chanson）。常见的特殊形容词要尽早记住。
Another pitfall is the position of adjectives. In English, adjectives come before the noun, but in French most adjectives go after the noun. ‘A red car’ is ‘une voiture rouge’. However, some short, common adjectives go before the noun – often described with the BAGS mnemonic: Beauty (beau, joli), Age (jeune, vieux), Goodness (bon, mauvais), Size (grand, petit). For instance, ‘un petit chien’ (a small dog) and ‘une bonne idée’ (a good idea). Many students mistakenly place colour adjectives before the noun, writing ‘une rouge voiture’ instead of ‘une voiture rouge’. Practise by describing objects around you, always thinking about position and agreement.
另一个陷阱是形容词的位置。英语里形容词放在名词前面，但法语里大多数形容词放在名词后面。“一辆红色的汽车”是 ‘une voiture rouge’。然而，一些简短的常用形容词放在名词前面——通常可以通过 BAGS 口诀来记：Beauty（美，beau, joli），Age（年纪，jeune, vieux），Goodness（好坏，bon, mauvais），Size（大小，grand, petit）。比如，’un petit chien’（一只小狗）和 ‘une bonne idée’（一个好主意）。很多学生错误地把颜色形容词放在名词前，写成 ‘une rouge voiture’ 而不是 ‘une voiture rouge’。练习时描述身边的物品，同时考虑位置和配合。
3. Conjugating Regular -er Verbs | 规则 -er 动词的变位
The largest group of French verbs ends in -er, such as parler (to speak), aimer (to love), regarder (to watch). A classic mistake is forgetting to remove the -er before adding the endings. Students might write ‘je parler’ instead of ‘je parle’. The correct pattern is: take off -er, then add -e, -es, -e, -ons, -ez, -ent. So: je parle, tu parles, il/elle/on parle, nous parlons, vous parlez, ils/elles parlent. Note that the je, tu, il/elle/on forms all end in a silent consonant, so they sound the same, but the spellings differ.
法语最大的动词群以 -er 结尾，如 parler（说）、aimer（爱）、regarder（看）。经典的错误是忘记去掉 -er 就直接加词尾。学生可能会写 ‘je parler’ 而非 ‘je parle’。正确的模式是：去掉 -er，然后加上词尾 -e、-es、-e、-ons、-ez、-ent。因此：je parle, tu parles, il/elle/on parle, nous parlons, vous parlez, ils/elles parlent。注意 je、tu、il/elle/on 这些形式的词尾辅音都不发音，所以它们听起来一样，但拼写不同。
Another common slip is with the nous and vous forms. Learners may say ‘nous parlont’ or ‘vous parlet’ – adding a t by analogy with the third person plural. The correct forms are ‘nous parlons’ (with -ons) and ‘vous parlez’ (with -ez). Also watch out for stem changes in verbs like acheter (j’achète, but nous achetons) and préférer (je préfère, but nous préférons). A good habit is to chant the verb paradigm aloud: je parle, tu parles, il parle, nous parlons, vous parlez, elles parlent. Repetition builds muscle memory.
另一个常见失误在 nous 和 vous 的形式上。学习者可能说 ‘nous parlont’ 或 ‘vous parlet’——受第三人称复数影响错误地加了 t。正确形式是 ‘nous parlons’（-ons）和 ‘vous parlez’（-ez）。还要注意一些动词的词干变化，如 acheter（j’achète，但 nous achetons）和 préférer（je préfère，但 nous préférons）。一个好习惯是大声诵读动词变位：je parle, tu parles, il parle, nous parlons, vous parlez, elles parlent。重复可以建立肌肉记忆。
4. The Verbs Être and Avoir | 动词 être 与 avoir
Être (to be) and avoir (to have) are the two most important irregular verbs in French, yet they are frequently mixed up. A student might say ‘Je suis 12 ans’ (I am 12 years) copying English structure. In French, age uses avoir: ‘J’ai 12 ans’ (I have 12 years). Similarly, states like hunger and thirst use avoir: ‘J’ai faim’ (I am hungry, literally I have hunger), ‘J’ai soif’ (I am thirsty). Many beginners incorrectly use être: ‘Je suis faim’ is wrong.
Être（是、在）和 avoir（有）是法语最重要的两个不规则动词，但它们经常被混淆。学生可能说 ‘Je suis 12 ans’ 来模仿英语结构。法语中表达年龄要用 avoir：’J’ai 12 ans’。同样，表示饥饿和口渴等状态也用 avoir：’J’ai faim’（我饿了），’J’ai soif’（我渴了）。很多初学者错误地使用 être：’Je suis faim’ 是错误的。
Conjugation errors are also rampant. The forms must be memorised precisely: être – je suis, tu es, il/elle/on est, nous sommes, vous êtes, ils/elles sont. Avoir – j’ai, tu as, il/elle/on a, nous avons, vous avez, ils/elles ont. A common mistake is writing ‘vous étez’ instead of ‘vous êtes’ (watch the accent) or ‘ils ont’ without the silent t. Remember that ‘ont’ sounds like ‘on’ but the t is written. Also note the liaison: ‘nous avons’ (pronounced nou-z-avons), ‘vous êtes’ (vou-z-êtes). Practice forming simple sentences: ‘Je suis écossais(e) et j’ai 12 ans. Nous sommes en classe et nous avons un exercice.’
变位错误也很普遍。这些形式必须准确记忆：être – je suis, tu es, il/elle/on est, nous sommes, vous êtes, ils/elles sont。Avoir – j’ai, tu as, il/elle/on a, nous avons, vous avez, ils/elles ont。常见的错误是写 ‘vous étez’ 而非 ‘vous êtes’（注意音符），或写 ‘ils ont’ 时漏掉不发音的 t。记住 ‘ont’ 听起来像 ‘on’，但 t 要写出来。还要注意连读：’nous avons’（读作 nou-z-avons），’vous êtes’（vou-z-êtes）。练习构造简单的句子：’Je suis écossais(e) et j’ai 12 ans. Nous sommes en classe et nous avons un exercice.’
5. Negation: Ne…Pas | 否定结构 ne…pas
English speakers tend to place ‘pas’ right after the subject, producing ‘Je pas aime le football’. In French, negation wraps around the conjugated verb: ‘Je n’aime pas le football’. The structure is: subject + ne/n’ + verb + pas. The ‘ne’ shortens to n’ before a vowel or silent h: ‘Il n’habite pas ici’. For two-verb constructions (like near future with aller), the ne…pas surrounds the auxiliary: ‘Je ne vais pas jouer’. Beginners often forget that in compound tenses (which appear in Year 8, but basic introductions occur earlier) the ne…pas goes around the auxiliary: ‘Je n’ai pas mangé’.
英语母语者容易把 ‘pas’ 直接放在主语后面，造出 ‘Je pas aime le football’。法语中，否定结构把变位动词包围起来：’Je n’aime pas le football’。结构是：主语 + ne/n’ + 动词 + pas。’ne’ 在元音或不发音的 h 前缩合为 n’：’Il n’habite pas ici’。对于双动词结构（如用 aller 的最近将来时），ne…pas 包围助动词：’Je ne vais pas jouer’。初学者经常忘记在复合时态中（Year 8 会学到，但早期有引入）ne…pas 放在助动词周围：’Je n’ai pas mangé’。
Another error is the omission of ‘ne’ in spoken French. While informal speech often drops ‘ne’ (‘Je sais pas’), written and formal French requires both parts. For SQA assessments, students should always write the full form. Practice by taking affirmative sentences and making them negative: ‘J’aime la glace’ → ‘Je n’aime pas la glace’; ‘Tu es anglais’ → ‘Tu n’es pas anglais’. Remember that in negation, indefinite articles (un, une, des) change to ‘de’ or ‘d” after ‘pas’ unless the verb is être: ‘Il a un chien’ → ‘Il n’a pas de chien’, BUT ‘C’est un chien’ → ‘Ce n’est pas un chien’.
另一个错误是在口头法语中省略 ‘ne’。虽然非正式口语常省略 ‘ne’（’Je sais pas’），但书面语和正式场合要求两部分同时出现。在 SQA 评估中，学生应始终写出完整形式。练习时将肯定句变为否定句：’J’aime la glace’ → ‘Je n’aime pas la glace’；’Tu es anglais’ → ‘Tu n’es pas anglais’。记住，在否定句中，’pas’ 后面的不定冠词 (un, une, des) 要变成 ‘de’ 或 ‘d”，除非动词是 être：’Il a un chien’ → ‘Il n’a pas de chien’，但 ‘C’est un chien’ → ‘Ce n’est pas un chien’。
6. Prepositions: À, De, En | 介词 à、de、en
Prepositions are tiny words that cause big confusion. The most frequent mistake is mixing up ‘à’ and ‘de’ when talking about possession and location. English says ‘the book of Paul’ or ‘Paul’s book’, but French uses ‘de’: ‘le livre de Paul’. For location, ‘à’ is used for cities and ‘en’ for feminine countries: ‘J’habite à Paris’ but ‘J’habite en France’. Masculine countries or those starting with a vowel use ‘à’ with le/les forming ‘au’ and ‘aux’: ‘Je vais au Canada’ (à + le), ‘Je suis aux États-Unis’ (à + les). Many students mistakenly say ‘Je vais à Canada’ or ‘J’habite en Paris’.
介词虽小，却引发大困惑。最常见的错误是在表示所有和地点时混淆 ‘à’ 和 ‘de’。英语说 ‘the book of Paul’，法语用 ‘de’：’le livre de Paul’。表示地点时，城市前用 ‘à’，阴性国家前用 ‘en’：’J’habite à Paris’ 但 ‘J’habite en France’。阳性国家或以元音开头的国家用 ‘à’ 与 le/les 缩合为 ‘au’ 和 ‘aux’：’Je vais au Canada’ (à + le)，’Je suis aux États-Unis’ (à + les)。许多学生错误地说 ‘Je vais à Canada’ 或 ‘J’habite en Paris’。
Another sticky point is the use of ‘de’ after expressions of quantity. In English we say ‘a lot of friends’, in French ‘beaucoup d’amis’ – the ‘de’ becomes d’ before a vowel. Learners often insert ‘des’ instead: ‘beaucoup des amis’ is incorrect. The correct pattern is: beaucoup de, assez de, trop de, un peu de, plus de + noun without an article. Example: ‘Il y a beaucoup de bruit’ (There is a lot of noise). After a negative, the article also changes to de: ‘Je n’ai pas de frères’ (I don’t have any brothers). This rule trips up even more advanced students, so mastering it early is a real advantage.
另一个棘手点是数量短语后的 ‘de’ 用法。英语说 ‘a lot of friends’，法语是 ‘beaucoup d’amis’——’de’ 在元音前变为 d’。学习者常常插入 ‘des’：’beaucoup des amis’ 是不正确的。正确模式是：beaucoup de、assez de、trop de、un peu de、plus de + 不带冠词的名词。例如：’Il y a beaucoup de bruit’（有很多噪音）。否定句后，冠词也变为 de：’Je n’ai pas de frères’（我没有兄弟）。这个规则甚至难倒更高级的学习者，因此尽早掌握是真正的优势。
7. Pronunciation vs Spelling: Silent Letters | 发音与拼写：不发音字母
French is full of silent letters, and Year 7 learners often either pronounce them all or forget to write them. For instance, in the verb ‘parlent’ (they speak), the -ent ending is entirely silent; it is pronounced like ‘parl’. Similarly, final consonants are usually silent except for the CaReFuL letters (c, r, f, l) which are often pronounced. ‘Petit’ ends in a silent t, but ‘chef’ pronounces the f. This causes spelling mistakes: students might write ‘peti’ or ‘parl’ instead of the full written form. The correct approach is to treat written French and spoken French as two linked but separate systems – always learn the spelling alongside the sound.
法语充满了不发音字母，七年级学生要么把它们都读出来，要么忘记写出来。例如，动词 ‘parlent’（他们说）中的 -ent 词尾完全不发音；它的发音像是 ‘parl’。同样，词末的辅音通常不发音，除了 CaReFuL 这几个辅音（c、r、f、l）常会发音。’Petit’ 以不发音的 t 结尾，但 ‘chef’ 中的 f 要发音。这导致拼写错误：学生可能写出 ‘peti’ 或 ‘parl’ 而不是完整的书写形式。正确的做法是把书面法语和口头法语视作两个相联但独立的系统——永远在学习发音的同时记忆拼写。
Accents are another challenge. Missing an accent can change the meaning entirely: ‘a’ (has) vs ‘à’ (to/at), ‘ou’ (or) vs ‘où’ (where). Learners often type or write ‘eleve’ instead of ‘élève’. On a keyboard, learn to use ALT codes or the international keyboard setting. Also watch for the cédille: ‘ça’ (the c before a/o/u must have a cedilla to sound like an s). Without it, ‘ca’ sounds like ‘ka’. Practise by reading aloud simple texts and then copying them accurately. SQA listening tests also require you to distinguish similar-sounding words – like ‘ils parlent’ and ‘il parle’ – so pay close attention to context.
音符是另一个挑战。漏掉一个音符可能完全改变意思：’a’（有）对应 ‘à’（在/向），’ou’（或者）对应 ‘où’（在哪里）。学习者经常打字或书写 ‘eleve’ 而不是 ‘élève’。在键盘上，学会使用 ALT 代码或国际键盘设置。还要注意软音符：’ça’（c 在 a/o/u 前必须有软音符才能发 s 音）。没有软音符，’ca’ 就会读成 ‘ka’。练习时大声朗读简单的文本，然后准确地抄写。SQA 听力测试也要求你区分发音相似的词——比如 ‘ils parlent’ 和 ‘il parle’——因此要特别注意上下文。
8. Numbers 1-100 and Time | 数字 1-100 与时间
Counting in French can be tricky because of the unique system for numbers 70-99. Belgium and Switzerland use simpler forms, but in France and SQA French, 70 is ‘soixante-dix’ (60+10), 80 is ‘quatre-vingts’ (4×20), and 90 is ‘quatre-vingt-dix’ (4×20+10). A typical mistake is saying ‘septante’ or ‘neuvante’ – these are not standard French. Remember: 70 = soixante-dix, 71 = soixante et onze, 72 = soixante-douze… 79 = soixante-dix-neuf. 80 = quatre-vingts, 81 = quatre-vingt-un (note, no s on vingt when followed by another number). 90 = quatre-vingt-dix, 91 = quatre-vingt-onze. Write them out multiple times and say them aloud to cement the pattern.
法语的数数有些棘手，因为 70 至 99 有着独特的系统。比利时和瑞士使用更简单的形式，但在法国和 SQA 法语中，70 是 ‘soixante-dix’（60+10），80 是 ‘quatre-vingts’（4×20），90 是 ‘quatre-vingt-dix’（4×20+10）。一个典型错误是说 ‘septante’ 或 ‘neuvante’——这些不是标准法语。记住：70 = soixante-dix，71 = soixante et onze，72 = soixante-douze……79 = soixante-dix-neuf。80 = quatre-vingts，81 = quatre-vingt-un（注意 vingt 后面接其他数字时不加 s）。90 = quatre-vingt-dix，91 = quatre-vingt-onze。反复书写并大声朗读来巩固模式。
Telling the time also leads to mistakes. English uses ‘half past’, French uses ‘et demie’ for half past the hour: ‘Il est trois heures et demie’ (it is half past three). For quarter past and quarter to, use ‘et quart’ and ‘moins le quart’: ‘Il est cinq heures et quart’ (quarter past five), ‘Il est six heures moins le quart’ (quarter to six). For exact minutes, say the hour then the minutes: ‘Il est deux heures dix’ (2:10). The 24-hour clock is common in timetables, so ‘quatorze heures’ (14h) instead of 2 pm. Practice with a clock face and write times in both formal and informal styles.
时间表达也容易出错。英语用 ‘half past’，法语用 ‘et demie’ 表达半点：’Il est trois heures et demie’（三点半）。表示“过一刻”和“差一刻”用 ‘et quart’ 和 ‘moins le quart’：’Il est cinq heures et quart’（五点一刻），’Il est six heures moins le quart’（差一刻六点）。精确到分钟时，先说小时再说分钟：’Il est deux heures dix’（2:10）。二十四小时制在时刻表中很常见，因此用 ‘quatorze heures’（14h）代替下午两点。练习时使用表盘，并分别用正式和非正式方式书写时间。
9. Forming Questions | 疑问句的构造
Asking questions in French can be done in three main ways, and beginners often mix them up or use the wrong word order. The simplest method is rising intonation: ‘Tu aimes le chocolat?’ – just add a question mark and higher pitch. This is fine for informal speech but less common in formal writing. The second way is using ‘est-ce que’: ‘Est-ce que tu aimes le chocolat?’ This works in all registers and is very safe. The third method is inversion: ‘Aimes-tu le chocolat?’ This is more formal and often trips students up because they forget the hyphen or the extra -t- between vowels: ‘A-t-il un chien?’ (Has he got a dog?). Many write ‘A il un chien?’ which is incorrect.
法语提问有三种主要方式，初学者常常混淆或使用错误的词序。最简单的方法是用上升语调：’Tu aimes le chocolat?’——只需加上问号和更高音调。这在非正式口语中没问题，但在正式书写中较少使用。第二种方式是使用 ‘est-ce que’：’Est-ce que tu aimes le chocolat?’ 这适用于所有语域，非常稳妥。第三种方式是主谓倒装：’Aimes-tu le chocolat?’ 这种更正式，常让学生出错，因为他们忘记连字符或元音间添加的 -t-：’A-t-il un chien?’（他有一条狗吗？）。许多人写 ‘A il un chien?’ 这是错的。
Another common error is with question words like ‘où’ (where), ‘quand’ (when), ‘comment’ (how). In informal French, they can be placed at the end: ‘Tu habites où?’ But in more structured French, they come first: ‘Où habites-tu?’ or ‘Où est-ce que tu habites?’ A typical mistake is to say ‘Où tu habites?’ This is acceptable in very casual speech but not in standard writing. For SQA, it is safest to use ‘est-ce que’ forms or inversion. Practise transforming statements into all three question types: ‘Il joue au foot’ → ‘Il joue au foot?’ (intonation), ‘Est-ce qu’il joue au foot?’, ‘Joue-t-il au foot?’ Notice the inversion subject pronoun ‘il’ becomes ‘t-il’ to ease pronunciation.
另一个常见错误是疑问词如 ‘où’（哪里）、’quand’（什么时候）、’comment’（怎样）的位置。在非正式法语中，它们可以放在句末：’Tu habites où?’ 但在更结构化的法语中，它们放句首：’Où habites-tu?’ 或 ‘Où est-ce que tu habites?’ 典型错误是说 ‘Où tu habites?’ 这在很随意的口语中可接受，但标准写作中不行。对于 SQA，最安全的做法是用 ‘est-ce que’ 形式或倒装。练习把陈述句转变为三种提问类型：’Il joue au foot’ → ‘Il joue au foot?’（语调），’Est-ce qu’il joue au foot?’，’Joue-t-il au foot?’ 注意倒装时主语代词 ‘il’ 变成 ‘t-il’ 以方便发音。
10. Common Spelling Traps | 常见拼写陷阱
French spelling has many traps, especially with homophones – words that sound the same but are spelled differently and mean different things. The most notorious are: ‘a’ (has) vs ‘à’ (to/at), ‘son’ (his/her) vs ‘sont’ (are), ‘on’ (one/we) vs ‘ont’ (have), ‘ce’ (this) vs ‘se’ (reflexive pronoun), ‘ces’ (these) vs ‘ses’ (his/her). Students frequently write ‘Il a un chien’ with ‘à’ or ‘Ils sont contents’ with ‘son’. A good habit is to check if you can replace the word with ‘avait’ (had) – if yes, use ‘a’; if you mean ‘to’ or location, use ‘à’. Similarly, if you can replace with ‘étaient’ (were), use ‘sont’, not ‘son’.
法语拼写有许多陷阱，尤其是同音异义词——发音相同但拼写不同、意思不同的词。最臭名昭著的有：’a’（有）对 ‘à’（在/向），’son’（他的/她的）对 ‘sont’（是），’on’（我们/人们）对 ‘ont’（有），’ce’（这个）对 ‘se’（自反代词），’ces’（这些）对 ‘ses’（他/她的）。学生经常写 ‘Il a un chien’ 时用了 ‘à’，或写 ‘Ils sont contents’ 用了 ‘son’。一个好的习惯是检查这个词能否用 ‘avait’（曾经有）替换——如果可以，就用 ‘a’；如果表示“朝着”或地点，就用 ‘à’。类似地，如果能用 ‘étaient’（曾经是）替换，就用 ‘sont’ 而非 ‘son’。
Another spelling trap is the confusion between ‘et’ (and) and ‘est’ (is). Many students mix up the two in a sentence like ‘Il est grand et fort’. Always remember ‘est’ comes from the verb être, ‘et’ is the conjunction. Test by replacing with ‘était’ – if it makes sense, it’s ‘est’. Also watch for ‘ou’ (or) versus ‘où’ (where): ‘Tu veux du thé ou du café?’ vs ‘Où habites-tu?’. The accent grave on ‘où’ is the only difference, but it matters a lot. Write a list of these homophones and create a personal cheat sheet for revision.
另一个拼写陷阱是 ‘et’（和）与 ‘est’（是）的混淆。许多学生在类似 ‘Il est grand et fort’ 的句子中搞混这两者。永远记住 ‘est’ 来自动词 être，而 ‘et’ 是连词。用 ‘était’ 替换测试——如果能说得通，就是 ‘est’。还要注意 ‘ou’（或者）和 ‘où’（哪里）：’Tu veux du thé ou du café?’ 对 ‘Où habites-tu?’。’où’ 上的开音符是唯一的区别，但意义重大。写下这些同音异义词的清单，制作一张个人备忘单用于复习。
11. False Friends and Confusing Words | 假朋友与易混淆词
False friends are words that look like English words but mean something different. A classic is ‘librairie’ – it does not mean library (that’s ‘bibliothèque’), it means bookshop. ‘Actuellement’ means ‘currently’, not ‘actually’ (which is ‘en fait’). ‘Collège’ in French refers to middle school, not university college. ‘Assister à’ means ‘to attend’, not ‘to assist’. Students often translate directly from English, leading to embarrassing mistakes. Always double-check the meaning of a word that looks familiar but seems odd in context. Keep a list of false friends you encounter and review it regularly.
假朋友是那些看起来像英语单词但意思不同的词。一个经典的例子是 ‘librairie’——它不是图书馆（那是 ‘bibliothèque’），而是书店。’Actuellement’ 意思是“目前”，而不是“实际上”（’实际上’ 是 ‘en fait’）。法语中的 ‘collège’ 指初中，而非大学学院。’Assister à’ 意思是“参加”，而不是“帮助”。学生经常直接从英语翻译，导致令人尴尬的错误。对于看起来熟悉但在上下文中显得奇怪的词，一定要再次确认意思。整理一张你遇到的假朋友列表并定期复习。
Another area is the confusion between ‘jouer à’ and ‘jouer de’ when talking about playing sports or instruments. ‘Jouer à’ is used for sports and games: ‘Je joue au football’ (à + le = au), ‘Je jou
Published by TutorHao | Year 7 法语 Revision Series | aleveler.com
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