📚 Drama Vocabulary Quick Memory Guide for Year 7 Cambridge | 剑桥七年级戏剧词汇术语速记指南
Welcome to the exciting world of drama! As a Year 7 Cambridge student, you will encounter many new terms that describe how actors create performances. This quick memory guide breaks down essential vocabulary into simple explanations and memorable tricks. Whether you are rehearsing a scene or preparing for a written test, these key words will help you speak and think like a true theatre maker.
欢迎来到激动人心的戏剧世界！作为剑桥七年级的学生，你会遇到许多描述演员如何创造表演的新术语。这份速记指南将基本词汇分解为简单的解释和朗朗上口的记忆技巧。无论你是在排练一幕戏还是在准备笔试，这些关键词都能帮助你像真正的戏剧创作者一样表达和思考。
1. The Language of Drama | 戏剧语言基础
Drama is the art of telling stories through action and dialogue, usually performed live on stage.
戏剧是通过动作和对话讲述故事的艺术，通常在舞台上现场表演。
Theatre refers to the place where drama is performed, as well as the whole world of acting and play production.
剧场既指戏剧表演的场所，也指表演和剧目制作的整个领域。
A performance is any presentation of a play or scene before an audience. The audience is the group of people watching and responding to the performance.
表演是在观众面前呈现一出戏或一个场景的任何演出。观众是观看并对表演做出反应的人群。
Memory trick: Think of Drama as the ‘what’ (the story), Theatre as the ‘where’ (the space), and Performance as the ‘when’ (the live moment).
记忆技巧：把Drama看作”什么”(故事)，Theatre看作”哪里”(空间)，Performance看作”何时”(现场瞬间)。
2. Vocal & Physical Skills | 声音与形体技能
An actor’s voice is a powerful tool. Projection means using your voice so that every word can be heard clearly by the whole audience, without shouting.
演员的声音是强大的工具。投射是指用你的声音让每位观众都能听清每一个词，而不是大喊大叫。
Pace is the speed of your speech. You can speak fast to show excitement or slow to show sadness.
语速就是你说话的速度。你可以说得快来表现兴奋，说得慢来表现悲伤。
Physical skills include gesture (a movement of a part of the body, like a nod), body language (the way you sit, stand or move to show feelings), and facial expression (how you use your face to show emotion).
形体技能包括手势(身体部位的动作，如点头)、肢体语言(你坐、站或移动的方式来表达情感)和面部表情(你如何用面部展现情绪)。
Quick recall: The three V’s are Voice, Volume, Variety. The three B’s are Body, Breathing, Balance.
快速回想：三个V是声音(Voice)、音量(Volume)、变化(Variety)。三个B是身体(Body)、呼吸(Breathing)、平衡(Balance)。
3. Improvisation & Mime | 即兴表演与哑剧
Improvisation (or ‘improv’) means creating dialogue and action on the spot without a script. You must listen, accept your partner’s ideas, and build the story together.
即兴表演就是在没有剧本的情况下当场创造对话和动作。你必须倾听、接受同伴的想法，并共同构建故事。
A key rule of improv is ‘Yes, and…’ which means you always agree with what your partner says and add something new.
即兴表演的关键规则是”是的，而且……”，意思是你总是同意同伴所说并添加新的内容。
Mime is acting without words, using only your body and facial expressions to tell a story. It often involves creating imaginary objects, like walls or ropes.
哑剧是不用语言的表演，只用身体和面部表情来讲述故事。它常常需要创造想象中的物体，比如墙壁或绳子。
Memory picture: Imagine a mimed box. You show its shape through fixed points and tension, not by talking. This ‘fixed point’ trick helps you remember mime.
记忆画面：想象一个哑剧盒子。你通过定点与肌肉张力来展示它的形状，而不是语言。这个”定点”技巧能帮你记住哑剧。
4. Still Image & Tableau | 静态画面与造型
A still image (or freeze frame) is when actors freeze in a position to create a photograph-like moment that tells a story or shows a relationship.
静态画面(或定格)是演员保持一个姿势不动，创造出一个像照片一样的瞬间，讲述故事或展现关系。
A tableau is a group of still images arranged together, like a living painting, often used to show the beginning, middle or end of a scene.
造型展示是由一组静态画面组合而成的集体造型，像一幅活画，常用来展现场景的开端、发展或结局。
Levels are important in a tableau: using high, medium and low body positions makes the image more dynamic and clear.
层次在造型中很重要：使用高、中、低的身体位置能让画面更有活力和清晰。
Memorise the word ‘FREEZE’ as: Frame the moment, React with your body, Eyes focused, Expression clear, Zoom in on details, Edge of the picture.
用”FREEZE”记住：定格局面(Frame)、用身体反应(React)、眼神专注(Eyes)、表情清晰(Expression)、放大细节(Zoom)、画面边缘(Edge)。
5. Thought Tracking & Hot Seating | 思维追踪与坐针毡
Thought tracking is a technique where an actor speaks their character’s inner thoughts aloud, often during a freeze frame. It reveals what the character is really feeling.
思维追踪是一种技巧，演员在定格中大声说出角色的内心想法。它揭示角色真实的感受。
Hot seating is when an actor stays in character and answers questions from the audience or other actors. The ‘hot seat’ puts pressure on the actor to think deeply about the character’s backstory.
坐针毡是演员保持在角色中，回答观众或其他演员的问题。”热座”给演员压力，促使其深入思考角色的背景故事。
To remember: Thought tracking = thoughts spoken during a pause. Hot seating = questions fired at you like heat.
记忆：思维追踪 = 停顿中说出的想法。坐针毡 = 像热一样向你抛出的问题。
6. Role Play & Characterization | 角色扮演与人物塑造
Role play means pretending to be another person in a given situation. You explore how that person would behave, speak and react.
角色扮演意味着在特定情境中假装是另一个人。你探索那个人会如何行为、说话和反应。
Characterization is the process of building a believable character. You consider their motivation (what they want), status (their power or importance), and backstory (what happened before the scene).
人物塑造是构建可信角色的过程。你考虑他们的动机(他们想要什么)、地位(他们的权力或重要性)和背景故事(场景之前发生了什么)。
A character’s objective is what they want in a scene; their super-objective is what they want in the whole play.
角色的目标是在一个场景中想要的东西；他们的总目标是在整个剧中想要的东西。
Memory aid: For a strong character, ask MOTS: Motivation, Objective, Tactic (how they get it), Status.
记忆辅助：要塑造有力的角色，问MOTS：动机、目标、策略(他们如何获得)、地位。
7. Story Structure: Plot & Climax | 故事结构：情节与高潮
Plot is the sequence of events that make up a story. Most plays follow a structure called Freytag’s pyramid.
情节是构成故事的一系列事件。大多数戏剧遵循一个叫做弗雷塔格金字塔的结构。
Exposition introduces the characters and setting. Rising action builds tension through conflicts. Climax is the turning point, the most exciting moment. Falling action follows, leading to the resolution or ending.
开端介绍人物和背景。上升行动通过冲突积累紧张。高潮是转折点，最激动人心的时刻。随后下降行动，走向结局。
Remember the shape: a hill! You climb up (rising action), reach the top (climax), and go down (falling action) to the end (resolution).
记住这个形状：一座山！你爬上去(上升行动)，到达山顶(高潮)，然后下去(下降行动)到结尾(结局)。
8. Stage Directions & Space | 舞台方位与空间
Stage directions are instructions in a script that tell actors where to move and how to speak. They are written from the actor’s point of view facing the audience.
舞台指示是剧本中告诉演员移动位置和说话方式的指令。它们是从演员面对观众时的视角来写的。
Upstage is the area farthest from the audience; downstage is closest. Stage left is the actor’s left, and stage right is the actor’s right.
舞台后方是离观众最远的区域；舞台前方是最近的。台左是演员的左边，台右是演员的右边。
Blocking is the planned movement of actors on stage. It helps create interesting stage pictures and avoids actors blocking each other.
舞台调度是演员在舞台上经过计划的移动。它有助于创造有趣的舞台画面，避免演员互相遮挡。
Trick: When you hear ‘downstage’, think ‘down towards the audience’. ‘Up’ and ‘back’ both have four letters (upstage = back).
技巧：听到”downstage”时，想”向下走向观众”。”up”和”back”都有四个字母(upstage = back 后排)。
9. Technical Terms | 技术术语
Props (short for properties) are any objects actors use on stage, like a book, a sword or a cup. They can add realism or symbolic meaning.
道具是演员在舞台上使用的任何物品，像一本书、一把剑或一个杯子。它们可以增加真实感或象征意义。
Costume is the clothing worn by an actor to represent the character’s time, place and personality. Set is the scenery and furniture that create the stage environment.
服装是演员穿着的衣物，用来表现角色的时代、地点和个性。布景是营造舞台环境的风景和家具。
Lighting and sound are technical elements that create mood, time of day, and atmosphere. A spotlight can focus attention, while sound effects like thunder build tension.
灯光和音效是创造情绪、时间和氛围的技术元素。追光灯能集中注意力，而雷声这样的音效营造紧张。
Think of the acronym ‘CLAPS’: Costume, Lighting, Acting (not technical but reminds you), Props, Set and Sound.
记住首字母缩略词’CLAPS’：服装、灯光、(提醒表演)、道具、布景和音效。(Acting不技术但帮助记忆)
10. Rehearsal & Performance Tips | 排练与表演技巧
A rehearsal is a practice session where actors explore scenes, learn lines and perfect blocking before the final performance.
排练是练习环节，演员在最终表演前探索场景、记住台词和完善舞台调度。
The fourth wall is an imaginary wall between the actors and the audience. When actors ‘break the fourth wall’, they speak directly to the audience.
第四面墙是演员与观众之间的一堵想象中的墙。当演员”打破第四面墙”时，他们直接对观众说话。
Focus in drama means keeping your concentration fully on the action and your scene partners. An ensemble is a group of actors who work together as a team, not as individual stars.
戏剧中的专注意味着将注意力完全放在行动和你的合作演员上。合奏剧班是作为一个团队合作的演员群体，而不是单打独斗的明星。
A cue is a signal for an actor to begin speaking or moving. It could be a line, a sound or a lighting change.
提示是让演员开始说话或行动的信号。它可以是一句台词、一个声音或灯光变化。
Memory chain: Rehearse with focus, listen for your cue, never break the fourth wall unless intended, and trust your ensemble.
记忆链：专注地排练，留心提示，除非有意否则不要打破第四面墙，信任你的合奏团队。
Published by TutorHao | Drama Revision Series | aleveler.com
更多咨询请联系16621398022（同微信）
屏轩国际教育cambridge primary/secondary checkpoint, cat4, ukiset,ukcat,igcse,alevel,PAT,STEP,MAT, ibdp,ap,ssat,sat,sat2课程辅导，国外大学本科硕士研究生博士课程论文辅导