📚 Experimental / Practical Assessment Key Points for Year 7 SQA Media | Year 7 SQA 媒体：实验/实践考核要点
In Year 7 SQA Media, the experimental and practical assessment is designed to evaluate your ability to plan, produce and review a media product. From storyboarding and camera work to editing and teamwork, every stage of production matters. This guide breaks down the key points you need to master in order to perform confidently and meet the assessment criteria.
在七年级 SQA 媒体课程中，实验与实践考核旨在评估你策划、制作和反思媒体产品的能力。从故事板绘制、摄像操作到后期剪辑与团队合作，制作的每一环节都至关重要。本指南将逐一解析你需要掌握的核心要点，帮助你自信应考并符合评分标准。
1. Understanding the Brief | 理解任务要求
Start by highlighting keywords in the assessment brief, such as ‘target audience’, ‘genre’, ‘duration’, and ‘purpose’. These words define the boundaries of your project.
首先标注出考核任务说明中的关键词，例如“目标受众”、“类型”、“时长”和“目的”。这些词界定了你项目的范围。
Break the main task into smaller, manageable checkpoints — like writing a script, shooting on location, and adding music — so you can track progress and avoid missing any requirement.
将主要任务拆解为小而可控的检查点——例如编写剧本、外景拍摄、添加音乐——以便追踪进度，避免遗漏任何要求。
If any part of the brief seems vague, ask your teacher for clarification immediately. Misunderstanding a requirement can cost valuable marks.
如果任务书有模糊之处，立即向老师寻求澄清。误解一项要求可能导致丢失宝贵的分数。
2. Pre-Production Planning | 前期制作规划
Before touching any equipment, brainstorm ideas using mind maps, mood boards or group discussions. Write down all ideas and then filter out the most feasible one that matches the brief.
在接触设备之前，先通过思维导图、情绪板或小组讨论进行头脑风暴。写下所有想法，然后筛选出最符合任务要求且可行的方案。
Create a production schedule that sets deadlines for each stage — from finalising the script and storyboard to filming and editing. Stick this timetable in a visible place.
创建一份制作日程表，为每个阶段设定截止日期——从确定剧本和故事板到拍摄和剪辑。将这份时间表贴在醒目位置。
Prepare a checklist of all equipment and props you will need, and test everything the day before production. A flat battery or missing memory card can derail an entire shoot.
准备一份所需全部设备和道具的清单，并在制作前一天进行测试。一块没电的电池或一张缺失的存储卡都可能导致整个拍摄失败。
3. Storyboarding Techniques | 故事板技巧
A storyboard is a shot-by-shot visual plan. Use a grid of boxes to sketch each frame, including notes on camera angle, movement (e.g., pan, zoom) and dialogue snippets.
故事板是一个逐镜头的可视化规划。使用网格方框绘制每一格画面，并注明摄像机角度、运动（如摇摄、推拉）和对话片段。
Simple stick figures and arrows are enough. Draw arrows inside frames to show character movement, and between frames to indicate transitions like cuts or fades.
简单的火柴人和箭头便足矣。在格内画箭头表现角色移动，在格间画箭头表示如切或淡入淡出等转场效果。
Every frame must link clearly to your script. Numbering each shot helps the team stay organised during filming.
每一格画面必须与脚本有清晰的关联。给每个镜头编号有助于拍摄时团队保持有序。
4. Camera Operation Basics | 摄像机操作基础
Always keep the camera steady. Use a tripod for static shots or hold the camera with both hands, elbows tucked into your body, to reduce shake.
始终保持摄像机稳定。静态镜头使用三脚架，或双手持机、肘部紧贴身体以减轻晃动。
Experiment with different shot sizes to create visual interest. Use wide shots to establish location, medium shots for dialogue, and close-ups to show emotion.
尝试不同的景别以创造视觉趣味。用远景交代环境，中景表现对话，特写展现情绪。
Apply the rule of thirds: imagine a 3×3 grid on your screen and place key subjects along the lines or at intersections for a balanced frame.
运用三分法：想象屏幕上的 3×3 网格，将主要拍摄对象放在线条或交点上，以获得均衡的构图。
| Shot Type | 中文名称 | Purpose / 用途 |
|---|---|---|
| Wide Shot (WS) | 远景 | Show the whole scene and setting / 展现全景与场景 |
| Medium Shot (MS) | 中景 | Focus on characters from the waist up / 聚焦腰部以上的人物 |
| Close-Up (CU) | 特写 | Capture facial expressions and details / 捕捉面部表情与细节 |
| Extreme Close-Up (ECU) | 大特写 | Highlight specific elements (e.g., eyes, key object) / 强调特定元素（如眼睛、关键物品） |
5. Lighting for Mood and Clarity | 光影氛围与清晰度
Good lighting makes your shots look professional. Start with natural light if available, but be aware of changing sunlight during outdoor shoots.
良好的布光能让镜头看起来专业。如果有自然光就优先利用，但在室外拍摄时要注意光线的变化。
Learn the three-point lighting setup: key light (main source), fill light (softens shadows), and back light (separates subject from background). This basic system works for interviews and drama scenes.
学习三点布光法：主光（主要光源）、辅光（柔化阴影）和背光（使主体与背景分离）。这一基础系统适用于采访和剧情场景。
To create mood, experiment with coloured gels or unusual light angles. Low-angle light can create dramatic shadows, while soft front lighting often feels warm and safe.
为营造氛围，可尝试使用彩色滤光片或不同寻常的光线角度。低角度光可产生戏剧性阴影，而柔和的正面光常给人温暖、安全的感受。
| Lighting Term | 中文术语 | Role / 作用 |
|---|---|---|
| Key Light | 主光 | Primary illumination, defines shape and mood / 主要照明，定义形状与基调 |
| Fill Light | 辅光 | Reduces harsh shadows created by the key light / 减弱主光产生的生硬阴影 |
| Back Light | 背光 | Separates subject from background, adds depth / 分离主体与背景，增加纵深感 |
6. Sound Recording Essentials | 录音基础
Always monitor audio through headphones while recording. You cannot fix heavily distorted or inaudible dialogue later, even with the best editing software.
录制时务必使用耳机监*听音频。即使有最好的剪辑软件，也无法修复严重失真或听不清的对话。
Minimise background noise by choosing a quiet room, switching off fans and air conditioning, and using a directional or lapel microphone close to the speaker.
通过选择安静的房间、关闭风扇和空调以及使用靠近讲话者的指向性或领夹式麦克风，将背景噪音降至最低。
Record at least thirty seconds of ‘room tone’ — the ambient sound of the location. This helps smooth edits and fill gaps in the audio track.
录制至少三十秒的“环境音”——即场地背景声音。这有助于在音频轨道中平滑剪辑和填补间隙。
When filming outdoors, always fit a windshield (a foam or furry cover) over the microphone to stop wind rumble from ruining your audio.
在室外拍摄时，一定要在麦克风上安装风罩（泡沫或绒毛罩），以防风噪破坏音频。
7. Editing and Post-Production | 剪辑与后期制作
Begin by organising all your files into clearly labelled folders: raw footage, sound effects, music, images. This saves time and prevents lost files.
首先将所有文件整理到标签清晰的文件夹中：原始素材、音效、音乐、图片。这能节省时间并防止文件丢失。
Use a non-linear editing programme to import clips, trim unwanted sections, and arrange them on a timeline according to your storyboard. Keep your first cut simple.
使用非线性编辑软件导入片段，剪去多余部分，并按照故事板将它们排列在时间线上。初剪时保持简洁。
Add transitions (e.g., cross dissolve) sparingly; too many effects can distract. Adjust colour and brightness to create consistency across all clips.
谨慎使用转场效果（如交叉溶解）；过多效果会分散注意力。调整色彩和亮度，使所有片段保持一致。
Include a title screen and closing credits. Make sure any music or sound effects you use are royalty-free and correctly credited.
包含片头和片尾致谢名单。确保所使用的音乐或音效免版税并正确署名。
8. Teamwork and Communication | 团队合作与沟通
In group work, assign specific roles early — director, camera operator, sound recordist, editor — so everyone knows their responsibilities.
在小组作业中，尽早分配具体角色——导演、摄像师、录音师、剪辑师——让每个人都知道自己的职责。
Hold short, daily briefing meetings to share progress and solve problems. Even a five-minute check-in can keep the team aligned.
每天举行简短简报会议，分享进展并解决问题。哪怕只有五分钟的碰头会也能让团队保持同步。
Listen actively when a teammate suggests an idea. Constructive feedback, not criticism, helps improve the final product and maintains a positive working atmosphere.
当队友提出想法时积极倾听。建设性的反馈而非批评有助于提升最终成品，并维持积极的工作氛围。
9. Reflection and Self-Assessment | 反思与自我评估
After completing your project, write a short reflection of around 200–300 words. Focus on what went well, what was challenging, and how you solved problems.
项目完成后，撰写一篇约 200—300 字的反思。重点说明哪些方面做得好、遇到了哪些挑战以及你是如何解决问题的。
Use the language of the assessment criteria in your reflection. For example, if the brief asked for ‘clear narrative’, explain how your editing choices supported a clear story.
在反思中使用评分标准的语言。例如，若任务要求“清晰的叙事”，请解释你的剪辑选择如何支撑了一个清晰的故事。
Identify at least one skill you developed during the process — such as storyboarding, operating the camera, or time management — and describe how you can apply it in future projects.
指出你在此过程中发展的至少一项技能——如故事板绘制、摄像机操作或时间管理——并描述如何在未来项目中应用它。
10. Final Submission Checklist | 最终提交清单
Before submitting, check that the final media file is in the correct format specified in the brief (usually MP4 for video, PDF or JPEG for print).
提交前，检查最终媒体文件格式是否符合任务说明中规定的要求（视频通常为 MP4，印刷品为 PDF 或 JPEG）。
Ensure your name, candidate number, and any required centre details appear exactly as instructed. Incorrect labelling can lead to your work not being marked.
确保姓名、考生编号及任何要求的中心信息都按说明准确呈现。标签错误可能导致你的作品无法被评分。
Play back the entire video or open the final document to confirm there are no glitches, missing audio, or broken links. Have a backup copy saved in a separate folder or cloud drive.
完整播放视频或打开最终文件，确认没有故障、音频缺失或损坏链接。将备用副本保存在另一个文件夹或云端硬盘中。
Hand in any required supporting documents — such as your storyboard, script, production log, and written reflection — in the order requested by your teacher.
按老师要求的顺序提交所有必要的支持文件——例如故事板、脚本、制作日志和书面反思。
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