Year 7 CAIE Politics: Key Terminology Quick Memorisation Guide | Year 7 CAIE 政治：词汇术语速记指南

📚 Year 7 CAIE Politics: Key Terminology Quick Memorisation Guide | Year 7 CAIE 政治：词汇术语速记指南

Welcome to your quick memorisation guide for Year 7 CAIE Politics! Learning political terms is like building a toolkit for understanding how societies are run. This article gives you simple definitions, memory tricks, and real-world examples for each key term. Read each English paragraph and then its Chinese translation to lock the word into your memory.

欢迎来到Year 7 CAIE政治词汇速记指南！学习政治术语就像组装一个理解社会如何运作的工具箱。本文为每个关键术语提供简单定义、记忆技巧和真实例子。请阅读每个英文段落及其对应的中文翻译，把这些词汇牢牢记住。

1. Democracy | 民主

Democracy means ‘rule by the people’. Citizens have the power to choose their government, usually by voting in elections. The word is made up of the Greek words ‘demos’ (people) and ‘kratos’ (power or rule).

民主意味着’由人民统治’。公民有权选择他们的政府，通常通过选举投票。这个词由希腊词’demos’（人民）和’kratos’（权力或统治）组成。

Quick memory hack: Think of a ‘demo’ as a group of people showing their opinion, and ‘cracy’ rhymes with ‘crazy’ – but it is not crazy, it is fair rule! Visualise a giant ballot box with hands voting.

快速记忆法：把’demo’想象成一群人表达意见的示威，’cracy’ 听起来像’crazy’，但这不是疯狂，而是公平的统治！想象一个巨大的投票箱，人们举手投票。

In a representative democracy, like the UK, people elect MPs (Members of Parliament) to make decisions. In a direct democracy, citizens vote on every issue themselves – think of ancient Athens.

在代议制民主中，如英国，人民选举议员来做出决策。在直接民主中，公民自己对每个议题投票——想想古雅典。

---

2. Dictatorship | 独裁

A dictatorship is a form of government where one person or a small group holds absolute power, without the consent of the people. The ruler is called a dictator. Decisions are made by force, and there are usually no free elections or fair courts.

独裁是一种政府形式，一个人或一个小团体拥有绝对权力，无需人民同意。统治者被称为独裁者。决策靠武力推行，通常没有自由选举或公正的法庭。

Memory aid: ‘Dictate’ means to give orders. A dictator dictates everything. Think of the word ‘dictator’ as someone who speaks (dict-) and others must obey. The Chinese term ‘独裁’ means ‘sole decision-maker’.

记忆辅助：’Dictate’ 意思是发号施令。独裁者决定一切。想象’dictator’是说话(dict-)而别人必须服从的人。中文’独裁’指单独裁定。

Historical example: Adolf Hitler in Germany established a dictatorship. Today, North Korea is often described as a dictatorship under a single leader.

历史例子：德国的阿道夫·希特勒建立了独裁统治。今天，朝鲜常被描述为在一个领导人下的独裁政权。

---

3. Monarchy | 君主制

A monarchy is a system where a king, queen, or emperor is the head of state. The position is usually inherited within a family. There are two main types: absolute monarchy, where the monarch has full control, and constitutional monarchy, where the monarch’s powers are limited by law.

君主制是由国王、女王或皇帝担任国家元首的制度。该职位通常在一个家族内世袭。主要分两种：绝对君主制，君主拥有完全控制权；以及君主立宪制，君主的权力受法律限制。

Mnemonic: ‘Mon’ means one or single, and ‘archy’ means rule – so ‘rule by one’. Remember the UK’s King Charles III; he reigns but does not rule – his role is ceremonial.

助记：’Mon’ 表示单一，’archy’ 表示统治——所以’一人之治’。记住英国的查尔斯三世国王；他统而不治——他的角色是礼仪性的。

Today, many monarchies like the UK, Japan, and Spain are constitutional monarchies. The real political power lies with the elected parliament and prime minister.

今天，许多君主制国家如英国、日本和西班牙是君主立宪制。真正的政治权力掌握在民选的议会和首相手中。

---

4. Republic | 共和制

A republic is a state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, rather than by a monarch. The head of state is usually a president. The word comes from Latin ‘res publica’, meaning ‘public affair’.

共和制是一种国家，最高权力属于人民及其选举的代表，而非君主。国家元首通常是总统。这个词来自拉丁语’res publica’，意思是’公共事务’。

Memory tip: Think ‘republic’ = ‘public’ – the people’s business. The USA and France are republics. The president is not a king; they serve for a limited term.

记忆技巧：想想’republic’=’public’——人民的事情。美国和法国都是共和国。总统不是国王；他们任期有限。

In a republic, citizens have a say in how they are governed through regular elections. The key idea is that no one is above the law, including the leaders.

在共和国里，公民通过定期选举对治理方式有发言权。核心思想是没有人凌驾于法律之上，包括领导人。

---

5. Government | 政府

The government is the group of people who have the authority to run a country. It makes laws, carries out policies, and provides services. It usually consists of the executive (president or prime minister and ministers), the legislature (parliament), and the judiciary (courts).

政府是拥有管理国家权力的群体。它制定法律、执行政策并提供服务。通常由行政机构（总统或首相和部长们）、立法机构（议会）和司法机构（法院）组成。

Think of government as the ‘steering wheel’ of a country. The word ‘govern’ means to steer. So government steers society towards its goals.

把政府想象成国家的’方向盘’。单词’govern’意为掌舵。因此政府引领社会朝着目标前进。

Example: The UK government is led by the Prime Minister and the Cabinet. They meet at 10 Downing Street to decide national policies.

例子：英国政府由首相和内阁领导。他们在唐宁街10号开会决定国家政策。

---

6. Parliament | 议会

A parliament is a law-making body made up of elected representatives. In the UK, Parliament consists of the House of Commons, the House of Lords, and the Monarch (who gives formal approval). Most democracies have a parliament or congress.

议会是由选举产生的代表组成的立法机构。在英国，议会由下议院、上议院和君主（给予正式批准）组成。大多数民主国家都有议会或国会。

Memory word-play: ‘Parliament’ sounds like ‘parlay’ or ‘talk’.

Published by TutorHao | Year 7 政治 Revision Series | aleveler.com

更多咨询请联系16621398022（同微信）