📚 Year 7 Cambridge English: Vocabulary Terminology Quick Memorisation Guide | 剑桥7年级英语：词汇术语速记指南
Mastering key vocabulary terms is essential for Year 7 Cambridge English. Not only will you encounter them in grammar exercises and creative writing tasks, but understanding these building blocks also sharpens your reading comprehension. This guide breaks down the most important terminology into memorable chunks, pairing each term with a quick memory hack so you can recall them confidently in class and assessments.
掌握核心词汇术语对剑桥7年级英语至关重要。你不仅会在语法练习和创意写作中遇到它们，理解这些基础构件还能提升你的阅读理解能力。本指南将最重要的术语拆解成容易记忆的模块，为每个术语搭配速记窍门，让你在课堂和评估中自信地回想起来。
1. Parts of Speech Overview | 词性概述
In English, every single word belongs to a category called a ‘part of speech’. The eight main parts of speech are nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions and interjections. Some systems replace interjections with articles (a, an, the). Recognising a word’s job in a sentence is the first step towards accurate writing and analysis.
在英语中，每个词都属于一个称为“词性”的类别。八大词性分别是名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、连词和感叹词。有些体系会用冠词（a, an, the）替代感叹词。识别单词在句子中的作用是走向准确写作与分析的第一步。
| Part of Speech | 词性 | Quick Function | 功能速记 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Noun | 名词 | Person, place, thing or idea | 人、地方、事物或概念 |
| Pronoun | 代词 | Replaces a noun | 代替名词 |
| Verb | 动词 | Action or state | 动作或状态 |
| Adjective | 形容词 | Describes a noun | 描述名词 |
| Adverb | 副词 | Modifies a verb, adjective or adverb | 修饰动词、形容词或副词 |
| Preposition | 介词 | Shows position, time or direction | 表示位置、时间或方向 |
| Conjunction | 连词 | Joins words or clauses | 连接词语或分句 |
| Article | 冠词 | Defines a noun as specific or general | 限定名词的特指或泛指 |
Memory hack: turn the initial letters into a silly sentence or image. Think of ‘NPVAPA CA’ (Noun, Pronoun, Verb, Adjective, Preposition, Adverb, Conjunction, Article). Picture a noisy parrot called ‘NPVAPA Cai’ sitting on a grammar book.
记忆窍门：把首字母变成一个滑稽的句子或画面。想象“NPVAPA CA”（名词、代词、动词、形容词、介词、副词、连词、冠词）。在你的脑海里画一只名叫“NPVAPA Cai”的聒噪鹦鹉，正蹲在语法书上。
2. Nouns & Pronouns | 名词和代词
A noun is a naming word. It can be a concrete object (table, London), an abstract idea (love, bravery) or a proper name (Emma, Tuesday). Pronouns step in to avoid repetition: he, she, it, they, we, me, you, us.
名词是一个命名词。它可以是具体的物体（桌子、伦敦），抽象的概念（爱、勇敢）或专有名称（艾玛、星期二）。代词登场是为了避免重复：他、她、它、他们、我们、我、你、我们。
Quick memory: ‘Noun’ sounds like ‘name’ – it names things. ‘Pronoun’ contains ‘pro’, which means ‘for’ – a pronoun stands in for a noun. Imagine a substitute teacher: the pronoun is the substitute for the noun.
速记：“Noun”听起来像“name”——它为事物命名。“Pronoun”含有“pro”，意为“代替”——代词代替名词。把代词想象成替补教师：名词请假了，代词顶班。
3. Verbs & Adverbs | 动词和副词
Verbs show actions (run, think) or states (is, exist). Adverbs often tell us how, when, where or to what extent something happens. Many adverbs end in ‘-ly’: quickly, happily, carefully.
动词表示动作（跑、思考）或状态（是、存在）。副词通常告诉我们事情如何、何时、何处或到何种程度发生。许多副词以“-ly”结尾：快速地、快乐地、仔细地。
Memory trick: Ad-verb literally means ‘added to a verb’. The adverb sticks to the verb like a magnet. If you see ‘-ly’, you are likely looking at an adverb. Test: ‘He ran quickly’ – ran is the verb, quickly describes how he ran.
记忆窍门：副词（Adverb）字面意思是“附加到动词上”。副词像磁铁一样粘在动词上。如果你看到“-ly”，很可能你正面对一个副词。检验：“他飞快地跑”——“跑”是动词，“飞快地”描述他怎样跑。
4. Adjectives & Prepositions | 形容词和介词
Adjectives describe nouns and pronouns, answering ‘what kind?’, ‘which one?’ or ‘how many?’. Prepositions show relationships – often about position (under, on, behind) or time (before, after, during).
形容词描述名词和代词，回答“哪一种？”、“哪一个？”或“多少？”。介词表示关系——常常是关于位置（在…下面，在…上面，在…后面）或时间（在…之前，在…之后，在…期间）。
Mnemonics: Remember that a ‘preposition’ shows ‘position’ – the word itself gives you a clue. Adjectives ‘add’ qualities to nouns. Think ‘adjective adds’. Visualise a cat positioned on, in or under a box to recall common prepositions.
助记术：记住“preposition”显示了“position”（位置）——这个词自己就给了你线索。形容词为名词“添加”特质。想想“adjective adds”。想象一只猫放在盒子上、盒子里或盒子下，来回忆常用介词。
5. Conjunctions & Articles | 连词和冠词
Conjunctions join words, phrases or clauses. Coordinating conjunctions can be remembered with the acronym FANBOYS: For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So. Articles (a, an, the) are tiny words that introduce nouns.
连词连接词语、短语或分句。并列连词可以用首字母缩略词 FANBOYS 来记忆：For、And、Nor、But、Or、Yet、So。冠词（a、an、the）是引入名词的小词。
Memory hack: Picture a group of fan boys cheering ‘FANBOYS!’ at a concert. For articles, remember ‘A, An, The – the three little guards that stand before nouns’. ‘A’ is general, ‘an’ before vowel sounds, ‘the’ is specific.
记忆窍门：想象一群粉丝男孩在演唱会上高呼“FANBOYS!”。对于冠词，记住“A、An、The——守护在名词前的三个小哨兵”。‘A’是泛指的，‘an’用于元音音素前，‘the’是特指的。
6. Synonyms & Antonyms | 同义词和反义词
Synonyms are words with similar meanings (e.g., happy – joyful). Antonyms are words with opposite meanings (e.g., hot – cold). A broad vocabulary of synonyms and antonyms makes your writing more precise and interesting.
同义词是具有相似含义的词语（如 快乐 – 欣喜）。反义词是具有相反含义的词语（如 热 – 冷）。掌握大量的同义词和反义词可以让你的写作更精准、更有趣。
Memory booster: ‘Syn’ means ‘same’ or ‘together’ (like in ‘synchronise’). So synonym = same name. ‘Anti’ means ‘against’ – antonym = against the name. Link these prefixes to help recall.
记忆增强：“Syn”意为“相同”或“一起”（如同步 synchronise）。因此 synonym = 相同名称。“Anti”意为“反对”——antonym = 反对名称。把这些前缀联系起来就能帮助回忆。
7. Prefixes & Suffixes | 前缀和后缀
A prefix is a letter group added to the beginning of a root word to change its meaning (un- + happy = unhappy). A suffix is added to the end (-ful + hope = hopeful). Recognising common affixes helps you decode unfamiliar words.
前缀是加在词根开头的一组字母，用来改变词义（un- + happy = unhappy）。后缀是加在词尾的（hope + -ful = hopeful）。识别常见的词缀有助于你解码不熟悉的单词。
Visual memory: ‘Prefix’ = ‘pre’ (before) fixed at the front. ‘Suffix’ = ‘suf’ (after) fixed at the back. Remember these frequent pairs: un- (not), re- (again), pre- (before), dis- (opposite); suffixes: -ful (full of), -less (without), -ly (in that manner), -er (one who).
形象记忆：“Prefix” = ‘pre’（之前）固定在前面。“Suffix” = ‘suf’（之后）固定在后面。记住这些常见的词缀对：un-（不）、re-（再）、pre-（前）、dis-（相反）；后缀：-ful（充满）、-less（没有）、-ly（以…方式）、-er（…的人）。
8. Figurative Language: Simile & Metaphor | 比喻修辞：明喻与隐喻
A simile compares two things using the words ‘like’ or ‘as’. Example: ‘Her smile was as bright as the sun.’ A metaphor directly states that one thing is another, without ‘like’ or ‘as’. Example: ‘Time is a thief.’
明喻使用“像”或“如”来比较两种事物。例句：“她的笑容像阳光一样灿烂。”隐喻则直接说一件事物是另一件，不用“像”或“如”。例句：“时间是个小偷。”
Memory trick: Simile = Similar. Both start with ‘s’ and both are about likeness, but simile uses a bridge word (like/as). Metaphor means ‘carrying across’ – the meaning is transferred directly. Imagine a simile gently tapping you on the shoulder, while a metaphor boldly grabs you.
记忆窍门：明喻 Simile 与相似 Similar 开头都是‘s’，并且都关乎相似，但明喻用桥梁词（像/如）。隐喻 Metaphor 意为“搬运过去”——意义被直接转移。想象明喻轻轻拍你的肩膀，而隐喻大胆地抓住你。
9. Sound Devices: Alliteration, Onomatopoeia & Rhyme | 声音修辞：头韵、拟声词与押韵
Alliteration is the repetition of the same sound at the start of closely connected words. Example: ‘Peter Piper picked a peck.’ Onomatopoeia occurs when a word imitates a natural sound. Example: ‘buzz’, ‘hiss’, ‘splash’. Rhyme is the similarity of ending sounds, often at the end of lines in poetry.
头韵是紧密相连的几个词开头重复相同的声音。例句：“Peter Piper picked a peck.” 拟声词是词语模仿自然的声音。例句：“嗡嗡”、“嘶嘶”、“哗啦”。押韵是尾音的相似，常见于诗歌的行尾。
Quick recall: Alliteration’s repeated ‘a’ sound reminds you of the repeated starting sound. Onomatopoeia sounds like ‘oh no ma, to pe ya!’ – long and noisy, just like its meaning. Rhyme and ‘time’ go together – think of ending sounds clocking in at the same time.
快速记忆：Alliteration 里重复的字母‘a’提醒你开头的重复音。Onomatopoeia 读起来像一连串的嘈杂声，如其含义般嘈杂。Rhyme 和 ‘time’ 押韵——想象尾音按时响起。
10. Formal vs Informal Language & Tone | 正式与非正式语言及语气
Formal language is used for essays, official letters and academic writing. It avoids slang, contractions (use ‘do not’ instead of ‘don’t’) and emotional expressions. Informal language is casual, used with friends, and includes slang, contractions and a chatty tone. Tone refers to the writer’s attitude – it might be serious, humorous, sarcastic or excited.
正式语言用于议论文、正式信函和学术写作。它避免俚语、缩约形式（使用 do not 而非 don’t）和情绪化表达。非正式语言则是随意的，用于朋友之间，包含俚语、缩约形式和闲聊语气。语气指作者的态度——可以是严肃的、幽默的、讽刺的或兴奋的。
Memory image: Formal language dresses up in a suit and tie – smart, strict and polite. Informal language wears a cosy hoodie – relaxed, direct and personal. When reading, ask ‘How does the writer feel?’ to identify tone.
记忆图像：正式语言身着西装领带——精明、严格、礼貌。非正式语言穿着舒适的卫衣——放松、直接、个人化。阅读时，问自己“作者的感受是什么？”来识别语气。
Published by TutorHao | English Revision Series | aleveler.com
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