Year 7 Cambridge Psychology: Vocabulary and Terms Memorisation Guide | 剑桥7年级心理学：词汇术语速记指南

📚 Year 7 Cambridge Psychology: Vocabulary and Terms Memorisation Guide | 剑桥7年级心理学：词汇术语速记指南

Welcome to the exciting world of psychology! In Year 7 Cambridge Psychology, you will encounter many new terms that describe how the mind works and how we behave. Memorising these terms can feel like learning a whole new language, but with the right strategies, it becomes easier and even fun. This guide gives you powerful methods to lock psychology vocabulary into your long-term memory, so you can feel confident in class and during assessments.

欢迎来到激动人心的心理学世界！在剑桥7年级心理学中，你会遇到许多描述思维运作和行为方式的新术语。记忆这些术语可能感觉像学习一门全新的语言，但只要方法得当，不仅会变容易，甚至会很有趣。本指南为你提供将心理学术语牢牢锁定在长期记忆中的强大方法，让你在课堂上和考试中都充满自信。

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1. Why Memorise Psychology Terms? | 为什么要记忆心理学术语？

Psychology has its own special vocabulary. Words like ‘cognition’, ‘neurotransmitter’, and ‘reinforcement’ are the building blocks of the subject. If you understand and remember them, everything else in your lessons falls into place. You will be able to explain experiments, write better answers, and link different topics together. Strong vocabulary knowledge leads to deeper understanding and higher marks.

心理学有其独特的词汇。”认知”、”神经递质”、”强化”等词语是该学科的基石。如果你能理解并记住它们，课堂上的其他一切都会水到渠成。你能够解释实验、写出更好的答案，并将不同主题联系起来。扎实的词汇知识会带来更深刻的理解和更高的分数。

Without a solid grip on terms, psychology can seem confusing. Think of terms as keys that unlock new ideas. When you hear ‘classical conditioning’, your brain instantly pictures Pavlov’s dogs, not a blank space. Memorisation is the first step to thinking like a psychologist, and it makes revision quicker because you already speak the language of the subject.

如果对术语没有牢固掌握，心理学可能显得混乱。可以把术语想象成打开新思想的钥匙。当你听到”经典条件作用”时，你的大脑立刻浮现巴甫洛夫的狗，而不是一片空白。记忆是像心理学家一样思考的第一步，它还能让复习更快，因为你已经掌握了这门学科的语言。

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2. Core Vocabulary for Year 7 | 7年级核心词汇

Below is a table of essential Year 7 Cambridge Psychology terms. Read through them and start noticing how they connect to everyday life. Each term comes with a quick memory tip to give you a head start.

下面是剑桥7年级心理学核心术语表。通读一遍，并开始留意它们如何与日常生活联系起来。每个术语都配有一个简单的记忆小窍门，让你先赢一步。

Term	English Meaning	中文释义	Memory Tip
Psychology	The scientific study of mind and behaviour.	对心智和行为的科学研究。	‘Psyche’ (mind) + ‘ology’ (study of) — think of a ‘psychic’ who studies minds.
Cognition	Mental processes like thinking, remembering, and problem-solving.	思维、记忆和问题解决等心理过程。	‘Cog’ sounds like ‘cog’ in a machine — your brain’s cogs turning.
Perception	How we interpret and make sense of sensory information.	我们如何解读并理解感觉信息。	‘Perception’ is like ‘reception’ — your brain receives signals and interprets them.
Memory	The ability to encode, store, and retrieve information.	编码、储存和提取信息的能力。	Link to ‘memoir’ — a book of memories.
Neuron	A nerve cell that transmits electrical signals.	传递电信号的神经细胞。	‘Neuron’ sounds like ‘new on’ — new information is turned on when neurons fire.
Synapse	The tiny gap between neurons where chemicals pass.	神经元之间传递化学物质的微小间隙。	‘Synapse’ sounds like ‘snap’ — think of a snap-connection across a gap.
Neurotransmitter	Chemical messenger that crosses the synapse.	穿过突触的化学信使。	‘Transmitter’ like a radio transmitter sending signals.
Stimulus	Any event that triggers a response.	引发反应的任何事件。	‘Stimulus’ → stimulate. Something that stimulates you to react.
Response	A reaction to a stimulus.	对刺激的反应。	‘Response’ is what you give in reply — like answering a question.
Reinforcement	Something that increases the likelihood of a behaviour being repeated.	增加某种行为重复可能性的东西。	‘Reinforce’ — to make stronger, like reinforced concrete.
Punishment	Something that decreases the likelihood of a behaviour being repeated.	减少某种行为重复可能性的东西。	Think of ‘punishment’ as a penalty that puts you off doing something again.
Classical Conditioning	Learning by association, discovered by Pavlov with dogs.	通过联想进行学习，由巴甫洛夫用狗发现。	‘Pavlov’s bell made dogs drool’ — ring a bell, bring food, dog salivates.
Operant Conditioning	Learning through rewards and punishments, studied by Skinner.	通过奖励和惩罚进行学习，由斯金纳研究。	‘Operant’ — like an operation; the subject operates on the environment to get a reward.
Emotion	A complex feeling state with physical and mental components.	包含生理和心理成分的复杂感受状态。	‘E-motion’ → energy in motion, feelings that move you.
Motivation	The drive that initiates, guides, and maintains goal-oriented behaviours.	引发、引导和维持目标导向行为的动力。	‘Motive’ + ‘action’ — a motive that makes you act.

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3. The Power of Association | 联想的力量

Our brains are wired to remember connections, not isolated facts. To memorise a difficult term, link it to something you already know. For instance, the word ‘amygdala’ (a brain structure involved in emotion) can be remembered by thinking of ‘Amy’ — imagine a girl called Amy who has very big, exciting emotions. The wilder and more personal the image, the better you will recall it.

我们的大脑天生擅长记住联系，而不是孤立的事实。要记住一个难词，就把它与你已知的东西联系起来。例如，”amygdala”（参与情绪的大脑结构）可以通过联想”Amy”来记忆——想象一个名叫Amy的女孩，有着非常强烈、激动的情绪。想象越奇特、越个人化，你回想起来就越容易。

Another example is ‘hippocampus’, a part of the brain crucial for memory. Break it into ‘hippo’ + ‘campus’. Picture a hippo strolling around your school campus, carrying your memories in a backpack. You will never forget it. Association creates a web of meaning that makes terms stick effortlessly.

另一个例子是”hippocampus”（海马体，对记忆至关重要的大脑区域）。把它拆成”hippo” + “campus”。想象一只河马在你的学校校园里闲逛，背着一个书包，里面装着你的记忆。你绝对不会忘记。联想能编织一张意义之网，让术语毫不费力地粘在脑子里。

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4. Word Roots and Origins | 词根词源法

Many psychology terms come from Greek or Latin. Learning common roots can unlock dozens of words at once. ‘Neuro-‘ means nerve, ‘psych-‘ means mind, ‘ology’ means study of. So ‘psychology’ = study of mind, ‘neurology’ = study of nerves, and ‘neuropsychology’ naturally combines both. This is like knowing Lego blocks: you can build and understand any new term built from them.

许多心理学术语来自希腊语或拉丁语。学习常见词根可以一次性解锁几十个词汇。”neuro-“意为神经，”psych-“意为心灵，”ology”意为研究。所以”psychology” = 对心灵的研究，”neurology” = 对神经的研究，而”neuropsychology”自然结合了二者。这就像知道乐高积木：你能搭建并理解任何由它们组成的新术语。

Try with ‘cognition’ — ‘cogn’ means know (like ‘recognise’). ‘Perception’ contains ‘cept’ which means take (like ‘receptacle’). ‘Synapse’ has ‘syn’ meaning together and ‘haptein’ meaning to clasp, so it is a joining point. Once you start spotting these bits, new vocabulary becomes far less intimidating.

试试”cognition”——”cogn”意为知道（比如”recognise”认出）。”perception”含有”cept”，意为拿取（比如”receptacle”容器）。”synapse”有”syn”意为共同，”haptein”意为扣住，因此它是一个连接点。一旦你开始识别这些小部件，新词汇就远没有那么吓人了。

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5. Visual Mnemonics | 视觉助记符

The brain remembers images far more easily than words. Draw silly, colourful pictures next to your terms. For ‘neuron’, sketch a wire with electrical sparks and a smiley face. Label it ‘nerve cell’. For ‘synapse’, draw two hands almost touching, with tiny chemical bubbles floating between them. Making your own drawings creates a strong visual memory trace that textbooks can’t match.

大脑记忆图像远比文字容易。在你术语的旁边画上滑稽、彩色的图案。对”neuron”，画一根带火花和笑脸的电线，标上”神经细胞”。对”synapse”，画两只几乎相触的手，中间飘着微小的化学气泡。亲自画图能制造出课本无法比拟的强烈视觉记忆痕迹。

You can also turn the term itself into an image. ‘Reinforcement’ could be drawn as a strong iron bar being reinforced with extra concrete. ‘Classical conditioning’ might be a cartoon of a dog in a lab coat holding a bell. The funnier and more bizarre, the more durable the memory. Keep a sketchbook just for psychology doodles — your own visual dictionary.

你也可以把术语本身变成图像。”reinforcement”可以画成一根粗铁棒被额外的混凝土加固。”classical conditioning”可以画一只穿着实验室大褂的狗拿着铃铛的漫画。越有趣、越怪异，记忆越持久。准备一个速写本专画心理学涂鸦——你自己的视觉词典。

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6. Storytelling with Terms | 用术语讲故事

Weave your vocabulary words into a short, crazy story. Let’s take ‘stimulus’, ‘response’, ‘neuron’, ‘synapse’, and ‘neurotransmitter’. Story: A loud bell (stimulus) made my neurons fire. Electrical signals raced down the neuron and reached a synapse. Neurotransmitter bubbles leapt across the gap, and my hand instantly shot up — a response! Now you have a narrative that chains the terms together in logical order.

把你的词汇编成一个短而疯的故事。我们用”刺激”、”反应”、”神经元”、”突触”和”神经递质”。故事：一声响亮的铃铛（刺激）让我的神经元放电。电信号飞奔过神经元并到达一个突触。神经递质泡泡跃过间隙，我的手立刻举了起来——一个反应！现在你就有了一个将术语按逻辑顺序串成链条的叙事。

For operant conditioning, tell a tale about a dolphin at an aquarium. The dolphin does a trick (behaviour). The trainer gives it a fish (positive reinforcement), so the dolphin repeats the trick. If the trainer squirts water (punishment) when the dolphin does a wrong trick, the dolphin stops. Stories make abstract processes feel real and unforgettable.

对操作条件作用，讲一个水族馆海豚的故事。海豚做了一个技巧（行为），训练员给它一条鱼（正强化），海豚于是重复这个技巧。如果训练员在海豚做错技巧时喷水（惩罚），海豚就停下来。故事让抽象过程变得真实而难忘。

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7. Grouping by Themes | 按主题分组

Your brain files information in categories. Group psychology terms under themes such as ‘Brain Structures’, ‘Learning Processes’, ‘Memory’, and ‘Motivation & Emotion’. This chunking reduces mental clutter. Under ‘Brain Structures’, put neuron, synapse, neurotransmitter, amygdala, hippocampus. Seeing them together helps you understand how they relate, and revising them as a block feels more manageable.

你的大脑以类别归档信息。将心理学术语归入主题群，比如”大脑结构”、”学习过程”、”记忆”以及”动机与情绪”。这种组块可以减少大脑中的杂乱。在”大脑结构”下放入神经元、突触、神经递质、杏仁核、海马体。看到它们在一起有助于你理解其相互关系，而且整块复习起来感觉更易掌控。

Create a mind map on one A4 page. Write ‘Psychology Terms’ in the centre, draw branches for each theme, and hang terms as leaves. Use colours and mini icons. This visual layout mimics the brain’s own network, making retrieval much faster. When you are asked about memory, your mind map flashes up and you locate ‘hippocampus’ straight away.

在一张A4纸上画思维导图。中央写”心理学术语”，画出每个主题的分支，并把术语像叶子一样挂上去。使用颜色和小图标。这种视觉布局模仿大脑自身的网络，能大大加快提取速度。当被问到记忆时，你的思维导图闪现出来，你立刻就能定位到”海马体”。

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8. Active Recall and Practice | 主动回忆与练习

Simply reading through your notes does not build strong memories. You must pull the information out of your brain actively. Cover the definition of ‘cognition’ and try to say it out loud. Then check. Write down all the terms you remember from the core vocabulary list without looking. This struggle is what solidifies the neural pathways. It is called the testing effect.

仅仅通读笔记无法建立牢固的记忆。你必须主动把信息从大脑中拉取出来。遮住”cognition”的定义，试着大声说出来。然后核对。在不看的情况下写下你从核心词汇表中记住的所有术语。这种努力正是加固神经通路的关键。它被称为测验效应。

Try this quick routine every evening: pick five new terms, say their meanings aloud, and use each in a sentence. For ‘reinforcement’, say: ‘Giving a sweet after homework is positive reinforcement.’ The next night, test yourself on the previous five before learning new ones. This spaced practice combined with active recall is scientifically proven to be super effective.

每晚尝试这个快速流程：选五个新术语，大声说出其含义，并各造一个句子。对”reinforcement”，说：”做完作业后给一颗糖是正强化。”第二天晚上，在学习新词之前先自测前一天的那五个。这种分散练习结合主动回忆已被科学证明超级有效。

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9. Using Flashcards Effectively | 有效使用闪卡

Flashcards are classic for a reason, but you must use them actively. Write the term on one side and the definition plus a memory image or example on the other. Don’t just rely on words; draw a tiny sketch. When you review, say the answer before flipping. Sort cards into three piles: ‘Got It’, ‘Almost’, and ‘Not Yet’. Spend most of your time on the ‘Not Yet’ pile — that is where learning happens.

闪卡之所以经典是有原因的，但你必须主动使用它们。一面写术语，另一面写定义加上一个记忆图像或例子。不要只靠文字；画上小草图。复习时，在翻面之前先说出答案。将卡片分为三堆：”已掌握”、”差不多”和”尚未”。把多数时间花在”尚未”堆上——那里才是学习发生的地方。

For ‘classical conditioning’, your flashcard might show a dog, a bell, and a bowl of food. On the back, write: ‘Learning by association — Pavlov. Bell (neutral stimulus) + food (unconditioned stimulus) = salivation (response).’ Keep cards in your pocket and review during short breaks. Digital apps work too, but handwriting and drawing create stronger motor memories.

对”classical conditioning”，你的闪卡正面可以画一只狗、一个铃铛和一碗食物。背面写：”通过联想学习——巴甫洛夫。铃铛（中性刺激）+ 食物（无条件刺激）= 分泌唾液（反应）。”把卡片放在口袋里，利用短暂休息时间复习。数字应用也可以，但手写和手绘能形成更强的运动记忆。

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10. Real-Life Applications | 实际应用

Connecting terms to your daily life makes them concrete and unforgettable. When you feel hungry before dinner, notice that hunger is a motivation that drives you to eat. When you feel happy after receiving a compliment, that is operant conditioning at work — social reinforcement. Seeing a scary scene in a film makes your heart race because your amygdala has been activated. These real-world examples cement the definitions.

将术语与日常生活联系起来，可以让它们变得具体而难忘。当你在晚饭前感到饥饿时，注意饥饿是驱使你去进食的一种动机。当你收到赞美后感到开心，那就是操作条件作用在生效——社会性强化。看到电影里的恐怖场景心跳加速，那是因为你的杏仁核被激活了。这些现实世界的例子可以巩固定义。

Keep a ‘Psychology Journal’ for a week. Each day, write down two moments where you noticed a term in action. Monday: ‘My sister used punishment by taking away my tablet, which decreased my yelling.’ Tuesday: ‘I smelled a perfume that instantly made me remember my grandma (memory triggered by sensation).’ This habit transforms vocabulary into living knowledge.

坚持写一周”心理学日记”。每天写下两个你注意到术语在现实中体现的时刻。周一：”我姐姐用拿走平板作为惩罚，减少了我大叫大闹的行为。”周二：”我闻到一种香水，立刻让我想起了外婆（由感觉触发的记忆）。”这个习惯能把词汇变成活的知识。

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11. Common Pitfalls to Avoid | 避免常见错误

Avoid cramming all terms the night before a test. Your brain needs sleep and time to consolidate memories. Also, do not memorise without understanding — if you just repeat ‘positive reinforcement means adding something good’, but cannot give an example, the term will vanish under pressure. Always pair the definition with a vivid instance.

避免在考试前一晚临时填鸭所有术语。你的大脑需要睡眠和时间来巩固记忆。同样，不要死记硬背而不理解——如果你只会重复”正强化就是添加好的东西”，却给不出例子，那么压力之下这个术语就会消失。永远将定义与一个生动的实例配对。

Many students confuse ‘classical conditioning’ and ‘operant conditioning’. Remember: classical is about involuntary associations (Pavlov’s dog didn’t choose to drool), while operant involves voluntary behaviours and consequences. Create a clear comparison table. And do not ignore spelling — psychologists use precise spelling; missing letters can change the meaning in your exam answers.

许多学生混淆”经典条件作用”和”操作条件作用”。记住：经典条件作用关乎非自主的联想（巴甫洛夫的狗并非选择流口水），而操作条件作用涉及自主行为及其后果。做一个清晰的对比表。还有，不要忽视拼写——心理学家用词精确；在考试答案中漏掉字母可能改变意思。

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12. Your Personal Memorisation Plan | 个人记忆计划

Start by choosing three techniques from this guide that appeal to you most — perhaps visual mnemonics, flashcards, and real-life journaling. Dedicate 10 minutes every day to psychology vocabulary. Monday learn 5 new terms with images, Tuesday test yourself on them, Wednesday add 5 more, Thursday draw a mind map, Friday tell a story with all the week’s words. Small, consistent steps beat huge, irregular efforts.

从本指南中选出最吸引你的三个技巧——也许是视觉助记符、闪卡和现实生活日记。每天专门花10分钟在心理学术语上。周一用图像学习5个新术语，周二自测，周三再加5个，周四画思维导图，周五用本周所有词汇编故事。微小而持续的步骤胜过庞大而不规律的冲刺。

Team up with a classmate and quiz each other. Teach a term to your family member — if you can explain ‘synapse’ simply, you truly know it. Celebrate small wins: when you remember ‘amygdala’ without prompting, give yourself credit. Psychology is the study of how we learn, so use your own psychology to master itself. Your confidence will grow alongside your vocabulary.

找个同学组队互相提问。向家人讲解一个术语——如果你能简单解释”synapse”，那才是真正掌握了。为小胜庆祝：当你不需提示就能记起”amygdala”时，给自己肯定。心理学正是研究我们如何学习的学问，那就用你自己的心理来掌握它本身。你的自信会与词汇量一起成长。

Published by TutorHao | Psychology Revision Series | aleveler.com

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