Year 7 CIE Computer Science: Summer Preparation and Bridging Course | Year 7 CIE 计算机：暑期预习与衔接课程

📚 Year 7 CIE Computer Science: Summer Preparation and Bridging Course | Year 7 CIE 计算机：暑期预习与衔接课程

Starting Year 7 is an exciting step, and Computer Science will open your eyes to how technology really works. This summer bridging course is designed to help you feel confident and ready, even if you have never studied computing before. You will explore what computer science means, get to know your device, understand basic hardware and software, dip into binary and algorithms, and start thinking like a programmer. By the end of this guide, you will have a solid foundation and a clear plan for your first term.

进入七年级是一个令人兴奋的开始，计算机科学这门课会让你真正理解科技背后的原理。这个暑期衔接课程专为帮助你建立信心而设计，哪怕你之前完全没有学过计算机也没关系。你将了解什么是计算机科学、熟悉你的设备、掌握基本的硬件与软件概念、初步接触二进制和算法，并开始用程序员的思维思考问题。读完这篇文章后，你会拥有扎实的基础，并为第一个学期做好清晰规划。

1. What is Computer Science? | 什么是计算机科学？

Computer science is not just about using a computer or learning to type. It is the study of how we can use computers to solve problems, process information, and create useful tools. It involves understanding how data is stored, how programs are written, and how networks allow us to communicate. In Year 7, you will begin to explore these ideas through fun, hands-on activities.

计算机科学不仅仅是使用电脑或练习打字。它研究的是我们如何利用计算机来解决问题、处理信息并创造有用的工具。这包括理解数据如何存储、程序如何编写以及网络如何实现通信。在七年级，你将通过有趣的动手活动开始探索这些概念。

You will learn that a computer follows instructions exactly like a recipe. These instructions are called algorithms. You will also discover that all digital information, whether it is a picture, a video, or a piece of text, is made up of simple 0s and 1s. This might sound surprising, but it is the key to everything digital.

你会学到计算机执行指令就像按照菜谱做菜一样精确。这些指令叫作算法。你还会发现，所有的数字信息——无论是图片、视频还是文字——最终都由简单的0和1构成。这听起来可能很神奇，但它是理解一切数字技术的关键。

In your first lessons, you will be encouraged to ask questions, explore how everyday apps work, and think critically about technology. Computer science is a creative subject that combines logic, design, and curiosity, so bring your imagination!

在最初的课程中，你会被鼓励多提问、探究日常应用的工作原理，并对科技进行批判性思考。计算机科学是一门将逻辑、设计与好奇心结合在一起的创造性学科，所以请带上你的想象力！

2. Getting to Know Your Computer | 认识你的电脑

Before diving into complex topics, it is essential to feel comfortable with your computer. You will use the keyboard, mouse or trackpad, and learn how to navigate the operating system. On a Windows machine, you will explore the Start menu and File Explorer; on a Mac, the Finder and Dock. Your school may use either system, so try both if possible.

在深入学习复杂主题之前，先熟悉自己的电脑非常重要。你将使用键盘、鼠标或触控板，并学习如何操作计算机系统。在Windows电脑上，你会探索开始菜单和文件资源管理器；在Mac上，则要熟悉访达和程序坞。你的学校可能会使用其中一种系统，所以如果条件允许，两种都可以试一试。

File management is a skill you will use daily. Practise creating folders, naming files sensibly, and moving documents from one location to another. Learning to save your work in the right place will save you a lot of frustration later. Remember: ‘MyHomework.docx’ is a far better name than ‘Document1.docx’.

文件管理是你每天都会用到的技能。练习创建文件夹、合理命名文件，以及在不同位置之间移动文档。学会把作业保存在正确的位置将为你省去很多麻烦。请记住：“我的作业.docx”比“文档1.docx”好得多。

Keyboard shortcuts are your secret weapon. Simple combinations like Ctrl+C to copy, Ctrl+V to paste, and Ctrl+Z to undo (on a Mac, use Cmd instead of Ctrl) make you much faster. Spend a little time each day practising these shortcuts, and they will soon become second nature.

键盘快捷键是你的秘密武器。Ctrl+C复制、Ctrl+V粘贴、Ctrl+Z撤销（Mac上用Cmd代替Ctrl）这些简单组合能让你操作快很多。每天花一点时间练习这些快捷键，它们很快就会成为你的第二本能。

3. Hardware and Software | 硬件与软件

Hardware refers to the physical parts of a computer that you can touch: the monitor, keyboard, mouse, motherboard, processor and memory chips. Software is the set of instructions that tells the hardware what to do. Without software, hardware is just a collection of metal and plastic.

硬件指的是计算机中可以触摸到的物理部件：显示器、键盘、鼠标、主板、处理器和内存芯片。软件则是告诉硬件该做什么的一系列指令。没有软件，硬件就只是一堆金属和塑料。

You can think of it like a games console: the console itself is hardware, while the game disc or downloaded game is software. The same hardware can run many different software applications, from word processors to web browsers and games. In your Computer Science lessons, you will learn to identify the main components inside a computer and understand what each one does.

你可以把它想象成游戏机：游戏机本身是硬件，而游戏光盘或下载的游戏是软件。同样的硬件可以运行各种不同的软件，从文字处理器到浏览器和游戏。在计算机科学课上，你将学习辨别计算机内部的主要组件，并了解它们各自的功能。

The central processing unit (CPU) is the brain of the computer, while random access memory (RAM) temporarily holds data that is being used. Storage devices like hard drives keep your files safe even when the power is off. Understanding these basics will help you when you start programming and building your own projects.

中央处理器（CPU）是计算机的大脑，而随机存取存储器（RAM）临时保存正在使用的数据。像硬盘这样的存储设备则能在关机后依然保存你的文件。理解这些基础知识将对日后编程和完成自己的项目大有帮助。

4. Input, Output and Storage | 输入、输出与存储设备

Every computer system follows a simple but powerful pattern: input → process → output. Input devices send data into the computer; the processor works on that data; and output devices show the result. Storage holds data for later use. Knowing these categories helps you understand how any digital device works.

每一套计算机系统都遵循一个简单而强大的模式：输入 → 处理 → 输出。输入设备把数据送入计算机，处理器对数据进行加工，输出设备则展示结果。而存储则把数据保存下来供以后使用。熟悉这些类别有助于你理解任何数字设备的工作原理。

Common input devices include keyboards, mice, touchscreens, microphones and sensors. Output devices include monitors, speakers, printers and headphones. Some devices, like a touchscreen, act as both input and output—you touch the screen to give input, and the display shows you output. This is a clever piece of engineering.

常见的输入设备有键盘、鼠标、触摸屏、麦克风和传感器。输出设备则包括显示器、音箱、打印机和耳机。有些设备例如触摸屏，既是输入设备也是输出设备——触摸屏幕是输入，而屏幕显示则是输出。这是非常巧妙的工程设计。

Storage can be divided into primary storage (RAM) and secondary storage (hard drives, SSDs, USB sticks, cloud storage). When you save a file, you are using secondary storage. When you work on that file, it is loaded into RAM so the processor can access it quickly. Try to spot the input, output and storage devices around your home.

存储可以分为主存储器（RAM）和辅助存储器（硬盘、固态硬盘、U盘、云存储）。保存文件时，你使用的是辅助存储；处理文件时，它会被加载到RAM中，以便处理器快速访问。试着在家里找一找哪些是输入、输出和存储设备吧。

5. Introduction to Binary | 二进制入门

Computers do not use words or numbers in the same way we do. They use a number system with only two digits: 0 and 1. This is called binary, and it is the language of all digital machines. Every piece of data, from a simple text message to a high-quality video, is broken down into long strings of 0s and 1s.

计算机并不像我们这样使用文字和数字。它们使用只有0和1两个数码的数字系统。这就是二进制，它是所有数字机器的语言。从一条简单的短信到高清视频，每一条数据最终都被拆解成一长串0和1。

In our everyday decimal system, each digit is worth ten times more as you move left. In binary, each place is worth twice as much. For example, the binary number 1011 represents: (1 × 8) + (0 × 4) + (1 × 2) + (1 × 1) = 11 in decimal. A simple table can help you visualise this:

在我们日常使用的十进制里，数字每向左一位，值就变成十倍。而在二进制中，每一位的值是两倍。例如，二进制数1011代表：(1 × 8) + (0 × 4) + (1 × 2) + (1 × 1) = 11（十进制）。一张简单的表格可以帮助你理解：

Place value (8s)	4s	2s	1s
1	0	1	1

You do not need to become a binary expert in Year 7, but practising counting from 0 to 15 in binary will give you a head start. Many online games and puzzles make binary conversion fun. Once you understand that all colours, sounds and letters can be represented as numbers, you will start to see the digital world differently.

在七年级你不需要成为二进制专家，但练习用二进制从0数到15会让你在起跑线上领先一步。许多在线游戏和谜题都能让二进制转换变得有趣。一旦你明白所有颜色、声音和字母都可以用数字表示，你就开始用全新的眼光看待数字世界了。

6. Algorithms in Everyday Life | 日常生活中的算法

An algorithm is a clear set of steps to complete a task or solve a problem. You follow algorithms every day without realising it: a recipe for baking a cake, instructions for building a model, or even the morning routine of brushing your teeth. In computer science, we learn to write algorithms that a machine can follow exactly.

算法就是一套清晰的步骤，用来完成某项任务或解决某个问题。你每天都在不自觉地遵循算法：烤蛋糕的食谱、搭建模型的说明书，甚至早晨刷牙的流程都是。在计算机科学中，我们学习编写机器能准确遵循的算法。

Algorithms must be precise and in the correct order. If you tell a robot to ‘put the bread in the toaster before taking it out of the packet,’ the result would be very messy! Similarly, a computer program will only work if every instruction is in the right place. You will learn to spot when an algorithm has a bug and how to fix it.

算法必须精确且顺序正确。如果你告诉机器人“把面包放进烤面包机再拆开包装”，结果就会一团糟！同样，计算机程序只有在每条指令都放在正确位置时才能运行。你将学会如何发现算法中的错误（bug）并改正它们。

In Year 7, you will create simple algorithms using flowcharts and pseudocode. Flowcharts use shapes like ovals, rectangles and diamonds to show steps and decisions. Pseudocode is a way of writing steps in plain English without worrying about strict programming rules. Both skills help you plan before you start coding.

在七年级，你将使用流程图和伪代码来创建简单的算法。流程图用椭圆、矩形和菱形等形状来表示步骤和决策。伪代码是用简单的英文（或中文）书写步骤的方式，不必担心严格的编程语法。这两项技能能帮助你在编程之前做好规划。

7. Starting with Programming Concepts | 编程概念初探

Programming brings algorithms to life. You will likely begin with block-based languages such as Scratch, where you snap together colourful blocks to control characters and create games. This visual approach lets you focus on logic without worrying about typing mistakes.

编程让算法活了起来。你很可能从像Scratch这样的积木式语言开始，通过拼接彩色积木来控制角色并创作游戏。这种可视化的方式可以让你专注于逻辑，而不必担心输错代码。

Three fundamental concepts you will meet are sequence, selection and iteration. Sequence means doing steps in the right order. Selection is about making decisions, using ‘if’ conditions: if the score reaches 10, you win. Iteration means repeating actions, often using a ‘repeat’ or ‘forever’ loop. Mastering these will allow you to build all sorts of interactive projects.

你将遇见的三个基础概念是：顺序、选择和迭代。顺序意味着按正确的次序执行步骤。选择是根据条件做出决定，使用“如果”判断：如果分数达到10分，你就赢了。迭代则意味着重复执行某些动作，通常会用到“重复”或“无限循环”积木。掌握了这些，你就能构建出各种互动项目。

A great way to prepare over the summer is to sign up for a free Scratch account and follow a few beginner tutorials. Try to make a character move across the screen, say something, or respond to a key press. Every small project teaches you something new, and you will arrive in Year 7 with genuine hands-on experience.

暑假里一个很好的准备方式就是注册一个免费的Scratch账号，跟着几个初学者教程做一做。试着让一个角色在屏幕上移动、说话，或者响应按键。每一个小项目都能让你学到新知识，这样进入七年级时，你就拥有真正的动手经验了。

8. Staying Safe Online | 安全上网

Digital citizenship and online safety are a vital part of your Computer Science curriculum. You will learn how to protect your personal information, create strong passwords, and recognise suspicious messages. These skills keep you safe and help you behave responsibly online.

数字公民素养和网络安全是计算机科学课程的重要组成部分。你将学习如何保护个人信息、设置强密码，以及识别可疑信息。这些技能既能保障你的安全，又能帮助你在网上负责任地行事。

Never share your full name, address, phone number or school name with strangers online. A strong password combines uppercase letters, lowercase letters, numbers and symbols, and should be different for each important account. Consider using a password manager or a memorable phrase that only you understand.

永远不要把全名、地址、电话号码或学校名称告诉网上陌生人。一个强密码应该包含大小写字母、数字和符号，并且为每个重要账号设置不同的密码。你可以考虑使用密码管理器，或者一句只有自己能理解的短语作为密码。

Think before you click. If an email or message seems too good to be true, it probably is. Check the sender’s address carefully and never download attachments from unknown sources. In class, you will also discuss the importance of balancing screen time with offline activities to maintain a healthy lifestyle.

点击之前先思考。如果一封邮件或一条消息好得让人难以置信，那它很可能就是假的。仔细查看发件人的地址，绝不从未知来源下载附件。在课堂上，你还会讨论平衡屏幕使用时间与线下活动对保持健康生活方式的重要性。

9. Problem-Solving Skills | 问题解决技能

At its heart, computer science is about solving problems. You will develop computational thinking skills: decomposition (breaking a big problem into smaller parts), pattern recognition (spotting similarities), abstraction (focusing on what is important and ignoring details), and algorithm design. These skills help you in maths, science, and everyday life.

计算机科学的核心就是解决问题。你将培养计算思维技能：分解（把大问题拆成小部分）、模式识别（发现相似性）、抽象（关注重点、忽略细节）以及算法设计。这些技能对你的数学、科学乃至日常生活都有帮助。

For example, planning a birthday party can be decomposed into tasks: choose a date, make a guest list, decide on food, and plan activities. Each task can be solved step by step. You will practise similar techniques when you break down a programming project into manageable chunks.

例如，策划一场生日派对可以分解成这些任务：选定日期、列出宾客名单、决定菜单和安排活动。每个任务都可以一步一步解决。当你把一个编程项目拆分成可管理的小模块时，也会用到类似的技巧。

This summer, try solving puzzles such as Sudoku, logic grid puzzles, or sequencing games. Board games like ‘Rush Hour’ or coding games on platforms like Blockly Games also encourage logical thinking. Every time you solve a puzzle, you are training your brain to think like a computer scientist.

这个暑假，试着去解一些谜题，比如数独、逻辑网格谜题或排序游戏。像“塞车时间”这样的桌游，或者Blockly Games等平台上的编程游戏，也能锻炼逻辑思维。每解开一个谜题，你就在训练自己的大脑像计算机科学家一样思考。

10. How to Prepare for Year 7 Computer Science | 如何为7年级计算机科学做好准备

The best preparation is curiosity and a willingness to try. Start by exploring the technology around you: ask your parents how the Wi-Fi works, observe how a self-service checkout processes your shopping, or watch a short documentary about the history of the internet. These everyday observations make the subject real and relevant.

最好的准备就是保持好奇心并愿意尝试。从探索身边的科技开始：问问父母Wi-Fi是怎么工作的，观察自助收银机如何处理你购买的商品，或者看一部关于互联网历史的短纪录片。这些日常观察会让这门课变得真实而有意义。

Set yourself a small project, such as designing a simple animation in Scratch or creating a presentation about how computers have changed the world. Keep a ‘tech journal’ where you note down ideas, new words like ‘algorithm’ or ‘binary’, and any questions you want to ask your teacher. This habit will make you a reflective learner.

给自己设定一个小项目，比如在Scratch里设计一个简单的动画，或者制作一个关于计算机如何改变世界的演示文稿。准备一本“科技日记”，记录下你的想法、像“算法”“二进制”这样的新单词，以及任何想向老师请教的问题。这个习惯会让你成为一个善于反思的学习者。

Finally, do not worry about making mistakes. In computer science, errors are simply part of the learning process. Debugging your code or refining your algorithm teaches you resilience. Enter Year 7 with an open mind, and you will discover one of the most creative and exciting subjects in school.

最后，不要担心犯错误。在计算机科学中，错误只是学习过程的一部分。调试代码或优化算法能教会你坚韧不拔。带着开放的心态进入七年级，你将发现这是学校里最具创意和最激动人心的学科之一。

Published by TutorHao | Computer Science Revision Series | aleveler.com

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