📚 Year 7 CIE French: Summer Preparation & Bridging Course | Year 7 CIE 法语：暑期预习与衔接课程
Moving from primary to secondary school marks an exciting new chapter, and beginning French in Year 7 opens the door to a rich world of language and culture. This summer bridging guide is designed for students about to start the Cambridge Lower Secondary French curriculum, whether you are a complete beginner or have learnt a little French before. You will discover key vocabulary, essential grammar, and practical study tips that make the first term feel confident and enjoyable.
从小学升入中学是一个令人兴奋的新阶段，而在七年级开始学习法语，为你打开了一扇通往丰富语言与文化世界的大门。这份暑期衔接指南专为即将开始剑桥初中法语课程的学生设计，无论你是完全零基础还是略有一些基础，都能从中找到关键词汇、基础语法和实用学习建议，帮助你在第一个学期自信满满、轻松愉快地起步。
1. Why French? The Benefits of Learning French | 为什么学法语？学习法语的好处
French is spoken by over 300 million people across five continents. It is an official language of the United Nations, UNESCO, and the International Olympic Committee. Learning French not only allows you to communicate when travelling to France, Canada, or many African countries, but it also strengthens your understanding of English, since nearly half of English vocabulary has French origins.
全球有超过三亿人使用法语，遍布五大洲。法语是联合国、联合国教科文组织和国际奥委会的官方语言。学习法语不仅能让你在前往法国、加拿大或许多非洲国家旅行时进行交流，还能加深你对英语的理解，因为几乎一半的英语词汇都来源于法语。
Beyond practical use, studying French trains your brain to recognise patterns, improves memory, and builds cultural empathy. At the CIE Lower Secondary level, you will explore everyday life in French-speaking communities, from food and festivals to school routines, all while developing listening, speaking, reading and writing skills in a supportive environment.
除了实际用途，学习法语还能训练大脑识别模式、提高记忆力并培养文化同理心。在剑桥初中阶段，你将在友好的学习环境中探索法语社区的日常生活，从美食、节日到校园生活，同时全面发展听、说、读、写四项技能。
2. The French Alphabet and Pronunciation | 法语字母与发音
The French alphabet uses the same 26 letters as English, but several letters are pronounced differently. Pay special attention to the accents that appear on vowels: the acute accent (é), the grave accent (è, à, ù), the circumflex (ê, â, ô, î, û), and the diaeresis (ë, ï). These marks change the sound of the letter and sometimes distinguish meaning, as in ‘ou’ (or) and ‘où’ (where).
法语字母表与英语一样由26个字母组成，但许多字母的发音不同。要特别注意元音上的音符：闭音符(é)、开音符(è, à, ù)、长音符(ê, â, ô, î, û)和分音符(ë, ï)。这些符号会改变字母的发音，有时还能区分词义，比如’ou'(或者)和’où'(哪里)。
To start building good pronunciation habits, practise these vowel combinations every day: ‘ou’ as in ‘vous’ (sounds like ‘oo’ in ‘food’), ‘oi’ as in ‘moi’ (sounds like ‘wa’ in ‘water’), and ‘au’/’eau’ as in ‘beau’ (sounds like ‘o’ in ‘go’). For nasal sounds, words like ‘bon’, ‘vin’, and ‘un’ require air to pass through the nose – a feature unique to French. Use an online pronunciation tool and repeat aloud.
为了养成正确的发音习惯，每天练习以下元音组合：’ou’如’vous’（发音类似英语’food’中的’oo’），’oi’如’moi’（发音类似’water’中的’wa’），以及’au’/’eau’如’beau’（发音类似’go’中的’o’）。鼻化元音如’bon’、’vin’和’un’需要让气流通过鼻腔，这是法语独有的特点。使用在线发音工具并大声跟读。
| Letter | French Name | Sound Example |
|---|---|---|
| A | a | like ‘a’ in ‘father’ |
| E | e | like ‘e’ in ‘her’ |
| É | e accent aigu | like ‘ay’ in ‘say’ |
| È/Ê | e accent grave / circonflexe | like ‘e’ in ‘bet’ |
| U | u | no English equivalent; round lips and say ‘ee’ |
| R | erre | throaty sound at the back of the mouth |
3. Greetings and Basic Introductions | 问候语与基本介绍
One of the first things you will learn is how to greet people and introduce yourself politely. In French, it matters whether you are speaking to a friend or an adult you don’t know well. ‘Salut’ is casual and means both ‘hi’ and ‘bye’, while ‘Bonjour’ is the standard greeting used until the evening, when ‘Bonsoir’ takes over.
你将学习的第一批内容之一就是如何礼貌地问候他人并介绍自己。在法语中，与朋友说话还是与不太熟悉的成年人说话，用语是有区别的。’Salut’比较随意，既可以表示’嗨’也可以表示’再见’，而’Bonjour’是标准的日间问候语，到了傍晚就改用’Bonsoir’。
Practise asking and answering these essential questions aloud: ‘Comment tu t’appelles?’ (What’s your name? – informal), ‘Comment vous appelez-vous?’ (formal), ‘Je m’appelle…’ (My name is…), ‘Ça va?’ (How are you? – casual), and the responses ‘Ça va bien, merci.’ or ‘Pas mal.’ Listening to native speaker recordings will help you catch the musical intonation of French questions.
大声练习以下关键问答：’Comment tu t’appelles?’（你叫什么名字？——非正式），’Comment vous appelez-vous?’（正式），’Je m’appelle…’（我叫…），’Ça va?’（你好吗？——随意），以及回答’Ça va bien, merci.’（很好，谢谢）或’Pas mal.’（还行）。多听母语者的录音，可以帮助你体会法语问句的语调起伏。
| English | French | Pronunciation Hint |
|---|---|---|
| Hello / Good day | Bonjour | bawn-zhoor |
| Good evening | Bonsoir | bawn-swahr |
| Hi / Bye (informal) | Salut | sah-lew |
| How are you? (informal) | Ça va? | sah vah |
| I am fine, thank you. | Je vais bien, merci. | zhuh vay byan, mehr-see |
| My name is… | Je m’appelle… | zhuh mah-pehl |
4. Numbers, Dates and Ages | 数字、日期与年龄
Numbers from 1 to 31 will let you say the date, your age, and how many siblings you have. Spend time noticing the patterns: 1-16 are unique words, but from 17 onwards you combine ‘dix’ (ten) with the unit. The tricky ‘soixante-dix’ (70, literally sixty-ten) and ‘quatre-vingts’ (80, four-twenties) become easier once you accept the logic of the vigesimal system.
掌握1到31的数字后，你就能说出日期、自己的年龄和有几个兄弟姐妹。花些时间观察规律：1至16是独立的单词，但从17开始就用’dix’（十）加上个位数构成。比较棘手的’soixante-dix’（70，字面意思是六十-十）和’quatre-vingts’（80，四个二十）在你接受二十进制逻辑之后就会变得简单许多。
When telling your age, always use the verb ‘avoir’ (to have): ‘J’ai douze ans.’ literally means ‘I have twelve years.’ To ask someone’s age, say ‘Quel âge as-tu?’ The days of the week (lundi, mardi, mercredi, jeudi, vendredi, samedi, dimanche) and months (janvier, février, mars, etc.) are not capitalised in French, unlike in English. Make flashcards and test yourself daily.
表示年龄时一定要用动词’avoir’（有）：’J’ai douze ans.’字面意思是’我有十二岁’。询问别人的年龄要说’Quel âge as-tu?’。星期几（lundi, mardi, mercredi, jeudi, vendredi, samedi, dimanche）和月份（janvier, février, mars等）在法语中不大写，这与英语不同。制作卡片，每天自测。
| Number | French | Number | French |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | un/une | 16 | seize |
| 2 | deux | 20 | vingt |
| 7 | sept | 30 | trente |
| 10 | dix | 31 | trente et un |
| 15 | quinze | 21 | vingt et un |
5. Colours and Simple Adjectives | 颜色与简单形容词
Adjectives in French usually come after the noun, and they change their form depending on whether the noun is masculine or feminine, singular or plural. Start with colours: ‘un livre rouge’ (a red book), ‘une trousse bleue’ (a blue pencil case), ‘des stylos verts’ (green pens). Notice how the spelling of the colour often adds an extra ‘e’ for feminine and an ‘s’ for plural.
法语中的形容词通常放在名词之后，并且会根据名词的阴阳性与单复数改变形式。从颜色开始练习：’un livre rouge’（一本红色的书），’une trousse bleue’（一个蓝色的铅笔盒），’des stylos verts’（几支绿色的笔）。注意阴性形式通常要加字母’e’，复数要加’s’。
Memorise these common descriptive adjectives and their agreements: grand/grande (tall/big), petit/petite (small), joli/jolie (pretty), intelligent/intelligente (clever), amusant/amusante (funny). To describe things you like, use ‘J’aime…’ (I like) followed by the noun. Combining colours and adjectives makes your sentences more interesting early on: ‘J’aime le petit chat noir.’ (I like the little black cat).
记住这些常用的描述性形容词及其性数配合：grand/grande（高大的/大的），petit/petite（小的），joli/jolie（漂亮的），intelligent/intelligente（聪明的），amusant/amusante（有趣的）。想表达喜欢什么，用’J’aime…’（我喜欢）加上名词。把颜色和形容词结合起来，能让你的句子从一开始就有意思：’J’aime le petit chat noir.’（我喜欢那只小黑猫）。
- un manteau blanc (a white coat – masculine singular)
- une robe blanche (a white dress – feminine singular)
- des ballons violets (purple balloons – masculine plural)
- des fleurs violettes (purple flowers – feminine plural)
6. Classroom Language and Instructions | 课堂用语与指令
Being able to understand your teacher’s instructions from day one reduces anxiety and helps you participate actively. Familiarise yourself with these common classroom phrases: ‘Écoutez’ (Listen), ‘Répétez’ (Repeat), ‘Levez la main’ (Raise your hand), ‘Ouvrez votre cahier’ (Open your exercise book), ‘Fermez la porte’ (Close the door), and ‘Asseyez-vous’ (Sit down).
从开学第一天就能听懂老师的指令，可以减轻你的紧张感，并帮助你积极参与课堂。熟悉这些常用课堂用语：’Écoutez’（听），’Répétez’（重复），’Levez la main’（举手），’Ouvrez votre cahier’（打开练习本），’Fermez la porte’（关上门），以及’Asseyez-vous’（坐下）。
It is equally important to know how to ask for help in French. Practise: ‘Je ne comprends pas.’ (I don’t understand), ‘Vous pouvez répéter, s’il vous plaît?’ (Can you repeat, please?), ‘Comment dit-on … en français?’ (How do you say … in French?), and ‘Puis-je aller aux toilettes?’ (May I go to the toilet?). Write these phrases on a card and keep it in your pencil case for the first few weeks.
同样重要的是学会怎样用法语求助。练习这几句：’Je ne comprends pas.’（我不明白），’Vous pouvez répéter, s’il vous plaît?’（请您重复一遍好吗？），’Comment dit-on … en français?’（…用法语怎么说？），以及’Puis-je aller aux toilettes?’（我可以去洗手间吗？）。把这些句子写在小卡片上，开学前几周放在铅笔盒里。
7. Family Members and Pets | 家庭成员与宠物
Talking about family is one of the most personal and motivating topics in Year 7 French. The basic vocabulary includes: ma mère (my mother), mon père (my father), mon frère (my brother), ma sœur (my sister), mes parents (my parents), ma grand-mère (my grandmother), mon grand-père (my grandfather). Remember that ‘mon’ is used before a masculine noun, while ‘ma’ is used before a feminine noun – but ‘mon’ is also used before feminine nouns that start with a vowel, such as ‘mon amie’ (my friend, feminine).
谈论家庭是七年级法语中最个人化、最能激发兴趣的话题之一。基础词汇包括：ma mère（我的母亲），mon père（我的父亲），mon frère（我的兄弟），ma sœur（我的姐妹），mes parents（我的父母），ma grand-mère（我的祖母），mon grand-père（我的祖父）。记住，’mon’用在阳性名词前，’ma’用在阴性名词前——但以元音开头的阴性名词前也用’mon’，比如’mon amie’（我的女性朋友）。
Pets are a great way to extend your vocabulary: un chien (a dog), un chat (a cat), un lapin (a rabbit), un oiseau (a bird), un poisson rouge (a goldfish). Use the verb ‘avoir’ to say what pets you have: ‘J’ai un chien et deux chats.’ To say you don’t have a pet, use the negative: ‘Je n’ai pas d’animal.’ The word ‘de’ becomes ‘d” before a vowel, and after a negative the partitive article changes to ‘de’ (or ‘d”).
宠物是拓展词汇的好途径：un chien（狗），un chat（猫），un lapin（兔子），un oiseau（鸟），un poisson rouge（金鱼）。用动词’avoir’来表达你有什么宠物：’J’ai un chien et deux chats.’（我有一条狗和两只猫。）要说自己没有宠物，用否定形式：’Je n’ai pas d’animal.’（我没有宠物。）注意，在否定句中部分冠词要变成’de’（或’d”）。
8. The Verbs ‘être’ and ‘avoir’ | 动词“être”和“avoir”
These two irregular verbs are the backbone of early French. ‘Être’ (to be) and ‘avoir’ (to have) are used in countless expressions and are also helping verbs for compound tenses later on. Start by memorising the present tense conjugations with subject pronouns: je, tu, il/elle, nous, vous, ils/elles.
这两个不规则动词是早期法语学习的骨干。’Être’（是）和’avoir’（有）用于无数短语中，日后还会作为复合时态的助动词。首先要记住它们与主语代词搭配的现在时变位：je（我），tu（你），il/elle（他/她），nous（我们），vous（你们/您），ils/elles（他们/她们）。
Use mnemonic tricks: ‘Je suis’ (I am) sounds like ‘juh swee’; ‘Tu es’ (you are) is ‘too ay’; ‘Il est’ (he is) is ‘eel ay’. For ‘avoir’, ‘J’ai’ (I have) is a single syllable ‘zhay’, while ‘Nous avons’ links with a ‘z’ sound. Combine these verbs with the vocabulary you have already learnt: ‘Je suis anglais(e).’, ‘Elle est ma sœur.’, ‘J’ai douze ans.’, ‘Nous avons un chien brun.’ Practise by writing ten simple sentences every day.
可以运用记忆小窍门：’Je suis’听起来像’juh swee’；’Tu es’是’too ay’；’Il est’是’eel ay’。对于’avoir’，’J’ai’是一个音节’zhay’，而’Nous avons’要连读出/z/音。把这些动词和你已经学过的词汇结合起来：’Je suis anglais(e).’（我是英国人。），’Elle est ma sœur.’（她是我姐妹。），’J’ai douze ans.’（我十二岁。），’Nous avons un chien brun.’（我们有一只棕色的狗。）每天写十个简单句子来练习。
| Subject | Être | Avoir |
|---|---|---|
| je | suis | ai |
| tu | es | as |
| il/elle/on | est | a |
| nous | sommes | avons |
| vous | êtes | avez |
| ils/elles | sont | ont |
9. Everyday Activities and Regular -er Verbs | 日常活动与规则 -er 动词
Once you have ‘être’ and ‘avoir’ under control, regular -er verbs give you a massive boost. The majority of French verbs end in -er, and they all follow the same pattern. To conjugate, drop the -er and add the endings: -e, -es, -e, -ons, -ez, -ent. For example, ‘parler’ (to speak): je parle, tu parles, il/elle parle, nous parlons, vous parlez, ils/elles parlent.
当你掌握了’être’和’avoir’之后，规则-er动词会让你的法语突飞猛进。法语大多数动词以-er结尾，它们都遵循同样的变位模式。变位时，去掉-er，加上词尾：-e, -es, -e, -ons, -ez, -ent。例如，’parler’（说）：je parle, tu parles, il/elle parle, nous parlons, vous parlez, ils/elles parlent。
Build a set of action verbs for describing your daily routine: regarder la télé (watch TV), écouter de la musique (listen to music), jouer au foot (play football), habiter à… (live in…), aimer (like/love), détester (hate), manger (eat), travailler (work). Notice that ‘manger’ has a slight spelling change in the ‘nous’ form – ‘nous mangeons’ – to keep the soft ‘g’ sound. Write a short paragraph about a typical day, using time words like ‘d’abord’ (first), ‘ensuite’ (then), ‘puis’ (then), ‘enfin’ (finally).
积累一组描写日常生活的动作动词：regarder la télé（看电视），écouter de la musique（听音乐），jouer au foot（踢足球），habiter à…（住在…），aimer（喜欢），détester（讨厌），manger（吃），travailler（工作）。注意，’manger’在’nous’的变位中有小幅拼写变化——’nous mangeons’——这是为了保持/g/的软音。用上表示先后顺序的词汇，例如’d’abord’（首先），’ensuite’（然后），’puis’（接着），’enfin’（最后），写一段描述自己典型一天的小短文。
- D’abord, je me lève à sept heures. (First, I get up at 7 o’clock.)
- Ensuite, je prends mon petit-déjeuner. (Then, I have breakfast.)
- Après l’école, je joue au tennis. (After school, I play tennis.)
- Le soir, je regarde un film avec ma famille. (In the evening, I watch a film with my family.)
10. French Culture: A Taste of Francophonie | 法语文化：初探法语世界
Language learning comes alive when you connect it with culture. France is just one of 29 countries where French is an official language. Explore the wider Francophonie: learn about Carnaval in Quebec, the tropical islands of Martinique and Guadeloupe, or the vibrant music scene in Senegal. Celebrating ‘la Chandeleur’ (Crêpe Day on 2 February) or ‘la Fête de la Musique’ (21 June) are enjoyable ways to bring French into your summer.
当你把语言与文化结合起来，语言学习就会变得生动有趣。法国只是29个以法语为官方语言的国家之一。去探索更广阔的“法语世界”：了解魁北克的冬季狂欢节，马提尼克和瓜德罗普的热带岛屿，或者塞内加尔充满活力的音乐舞台。庆祝’la Chandeleur’（2月2日的可丽饼日）或’la Fête de la Musique’（6月21日的音乐节）都是将法语融入夏日生活的有趣方式。
Listening to simple French songs (such as ‘Alouette’ or modern pop by Kids United) trains your ear and improves pronunciation without feeling like work. Watch short cartoons like ‘Trotro’ or ‘Le Petit Nicolas’ with French audio and English subtitles. Cooking a French dish following a recipe in French, like ‘une salade niçoise’ or ‘des crêpes’, combines reading practice with a delicious reward.
听简单的法语歌曲（比如’Alouette’或者Kids United的现代流行歌曲）能锻炼听力、改善发音，而且丝毫不像在学习。观看法语配音、英文字幕的短动画片，例如’Trotro’或’Le Petit Nicolas’。照着法语食谱做一道法式菜肴，比如’une salade ni
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