Year 7 OCR Biology: Vocabulary Memorisation Guide | 七年级OCR生物：词汇术语速记指南

📚 Year 7 OCR Biology: Vocabulary Memorisation Guide | 七年级OCR生物：词汇术语速记指南

Mastering biology vocabulary can be simple and enjoyable when you connect each term to a vivid image or a catchy phrase. In this guide, you will find every key Year 7 OCR term accompanied by a clear explanation and a memory trick designed to make the words stick. Let’s turn scientific words into stories you will never forget.

只要把每个术语与生动的画面或朗朗上口的短语联系起来，掌握生物词汇就能变得轻松有趣。本指南涵盖了七年级OCR课程中每个关键术语，并配有清晰的解释和巧记妙招，让这些词语牢牢刻在你的记忆中。让我们一起把科学词汇变成难忘的故事吧。

1. Cells and Organelles | 细胞与细胞器

Cell membrane: The thin outer layer that controls which substances enter or leave the cell. Picture a strict bouncer at a club door – only invited molecules get to pass through.

细胞膜：控制物质进出细胞的薄外层。想象一位在夜店门口把守的严格保安——只有受邀的分子才能通过。

Nucleus: The control centre that contains DNA and directs all cell activities. It acts like the headteacher’s office, storing the master plan and giving orders.

细胞核：包含DNA并指导所有细胞活动的控制中心。它就像校长办公室，存放着总计划并发布指令。

Cytoplasm: A jelly-like fluid that fills the cell and is the site of most chemical reactions. Think of a swimming pool inside a plastic bag – all the action happens in this space.

细胞质：充满细胞的果冻状液体，是大多数化学反应的场所。想象塑料袋里的游泳池——所有活动都在这个空间里发生。

Mitochondria: Tiny rod-shaped organelles that carry out respiration to release energy. The name sounds like ‘mighty power’, and they truly are the mighty powerhouses of the cell.

线粒体：进行呼吸作用并释放能量的杆状小细胞器。名字听起来像‘强大动力’，它们的确是细胞内强大的能量工厂。

Cell wall (plants only): A stiff outer layer made of cellulose that gives the plant cell structural support. Imagine the cardboard box that keeps a pizza from collapsing – it provides a rigid frame.

细胞壁（仅植物）：由纤维素构成的坚硬外层，为植物细胞提供结构支撑。想象保持披萨不塌的纸板箱——它提供了一个坚固的框架。

Permanent vacuole (plants): A large central sac filled with cell sap that helps maintain turgor pressure. Visualise a water balloon inside the cell, keeping it plump and upright.

永久液泡（植物）：充满细胞液的大中央囊，有助于维持膨压。在脑海中勾勒一个细胞内的水气球，让细胞保持饱满挺立。

Chloroplast (plants): Green discs that contain chlorophyll and carry out photosynthesis. ‘Chloro’ means green, and ‘plast’ sounds like a plastic factory – a green factory that builds sugar.

叶绿体（植物）：含有叶绿素并进行光合作用的绿色圆盘。‘Chloro’意味着绿色，‘plast’听起来像塑料工厂——一个制造糖分的绿色工厂。

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2. Life Processes: MRS GREN | 生命过程：MRS GREN

Movement: All living organisms show movement, whether it is a cat running or a plant slowly turning towards sunlight. If it can shift its position or parts of its body, it passes the movement test.

运动：所有生物都会表现出运动，无论是奔跑的猫还是朝阳光缓慢转动的植物。如果它能改变自身位置或身体部位，它就通过了运动测试。

Respiration: The chemical process that releases energy from food inside every cell. This does not mean breathing – it is an invisible energy release that keeps cells alive.

呼吸作用：每个细胞内从食物中释放能量的化学过程。这不是指呼吸——它是一种看不见的能量释放，让细胞保持活力。

Sensitivity: The ability to detect and respond to changes in the surroundings. Think of a hand snapping back from a hot plate – the organism senses the stimulus and reacts.

感应：察觉并响应周围环境变化的能力。想象手碰到热盘子立刻缩回——生物体感知到刺激并做出反应。

Growth: All living things increase in size and complexity. Seeds sprout into seedlings, and babies become adults – growth is a permanent change.

生长：所有生物的体积和复杂程度都会增加。种子萌发成幼苗，婴儿长大成人——生长是一种永久性的变化。

Reproduction: The ability to produce offspring. It can be sexual (involving two parents) or asexual (one parent). This ensures that a species does not die out.

繁殖：产生后代的能力。可分为有性（涉及两个亲本）或无性（单个亲本）。这确保一个物种不会灭绝。

Excretion: The removal of metabolic waste products made by the body’s cells. Urine and exhaled carbon dioxide are examples – ‘exit’ the waste to stay healthy.

排泄：清除身体细胞产生的代谢废物。尿液和呼出的二氧化碳就是例子——让废物‘离开’以保持健康。

Nutrition: Obtaining food to provide energy and raw materials for growth and repair. Plants make their own food, while animals consume other organisms.

营养：获取食物，为生长和修复提供能量与原材料。植物自己制造食物，而动物以其他生物为食。

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3. Classification and Kingdoms | 分类与界

Biologists sort living things into five major kingdoms so we can study their relationships easily. Use the memory phrase ‘A Pretty Flower Pops Quickly’ to recall Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protoctista (protists) and Prokaryotes. Viruses do not fit in any kingdom because they are not truly alive without a host cell.

生物学家将生物分为五大界，以便我们轻松研究它们的关系。用记忆短语‘一朵漂亮的花迅速绽放’来记住动物界、植物界、真菌界、原生生物界和原核生物界。病毒不属于任何界，因为离开宿主细胞它们算不上真正活着。

English	中文
Animalia – Multicellular, heterotrophic, no cell walls. Examples: tiger, human.	动物界 – 多细胞，异养，无细胞壁。例如：老虎、人。
Plantae – Multicellular, photosynthetic, cellulose cell walls. Examples: rose, oak tree.	植物界 – 多细胞，光合作用，具有纤维素细胞壁。例如：玫瑰、橡树。
Fungi – Mostly multicellular, cell walls of chitin, feed by saprotrophic nutrition. Examples: mushroom, yeast.	真菌界 – 大多多细胞，细胞壁为几丁质，腐生营养。例如：蘑菇、酵母。
Protoctista – Typically unicellular, eukaryotic, some have chloroplasts. Examples: amoeba, seaweed.	原生生物界 – 通常单细胞，真核，部分具有叶绿体。例如：变形虫、海藻。
Prokaryotes – Unicellular, lack a true nucleus, DNA floats freely. Examples: bacteria.	原核生物界 – 单细胞，无真正的细胞核，DNA游离。例如：细菌。

The word ‘classify’ comes from ‘class’ – imagine putting living things into different classroom groups based on shared features. The more features they share, the closer their relationship.

‘分类’一词来源于‘班级’——想象把生物按照共同特征放进不同的教室小组。它们共享的特征越多，亲缘关系就越近。

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4. Food Chains and Webs | 食物链与食物网

Producer: Organisms that make their own food using sunlight, such as plants. Always remember the producer ‘

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