📚 Year 7 OCR Drama: Quick Memorisation Guide to Key Terminology | Year 7 OCR 戏剧：词汇术语速记指南
Welcome to your quick-fire guide for mastering the essential vocabulary of drama. Whether you are stepping on stage for the first time or sharpening your performance skills, these terms will help you speak like a true theatre maker. We have broken down the core terminology into bite-sized sections, each with a memory hook to make learning stick.
欢迎来到专属你的戏剧核心词汇速记指南。无论你是第一次踏上舞台，还是正在打磨表演技巧，这些术语都将帮助你像个真正的戏剧人一样交流。我们把核心术语拆解成一个个小模块，每个模块都附有记忆小窍门，让学习变得轻松有趣。
1. Stage Directions | 舞台方位
Stage directions are given from the actor’s perspective facing the audience. ‘Upstage’ is the area farthest from the audience, while ‘downstage’ is closest. ‘Stage left’ is on your left when you face the audience, and ‘stage right’ is on your right. Remember: ‘up’ means away, ‘down’ means near, and left/right are your own left and right while facing out.
舞台方位是从演员面对观众的角度来描述的。“上舞台”是离观众最远的区域，“下舞台”则是离观众最近的区域。“舞台左侧”是你面向观众时的左手边，“舞台右侧”是你面向观众时的右手边。记忆窍门：向上=远离，向下=靠近，左右就是你自己面朝外时的左右方向。
A quick trick: imagine a slope – actors used to walk uphill to the back of the stage, hence ‘upstage’. When an actor moves ‘upstage’, other actors must turn their backs to the audience, so ‘upstaging’ someone means stealing the focus.
一个快速记忆法：想象舞台是一个斜坡——以前的演员向后走会走上坡，所以叫“上舞台”。当演员移向上舞台时，其他演员不得不背对观众，因此“upstaging”就有了抢戏、抢占焦点的意思。
2. Vocal Skills | 声音技巧
Key vocal terms include volume, pitch, pace, pause, and emphasis. Volume is how loudly or quietly you speak; pitch is how high or low your voice sounds. Pace refers to the speed of your speech, and a well-timed pause can create tension. Emphasis means stressing a particular word to change meaning.
关键的声音术语包括音量、音调、语速、停顿和重音。音量是你说话声音的大小；音调是声音的高低。语速指说话的快慢，而恰到好处的停顿可以制造紧张感。重音是刻意突出某个词来改变句子的含义。
Think of the sentence ‘I never said she stole the money.’ Try stressing a different word each time. The meaning shifts dramatically. Linking emotion to a vocal choice helps you remember: anger might use low pitch and fast pace, while sadness could use a slow pace and quiet volume.
试着说“我从未说过她偷了钱”这句话，每次重读不同的词，意思会急剧变化。把情感和声音选择联系起来有助于记忆：愤怒可能用低音调和快速语速，悲伤则可能用慢速和轻声。
3. Physical Skills | 肢体技巧
Physical skills include posture, gesture, facial expression, and movement. Posture is how you hold your body – upright, slouched, or tense. Gesture is a movement of the hand or arm to express an idea. Facial expression conveys emotions without words, and your overall movement can show a character’s status or energy.
肢体技巧包括姿态、手势、面部表情和动作。姿态是你身体的姿势——直立、佝偻或紧张。手势是用手或手臂的动作来表达想法。面部表情能够不借助语言传达情绪，而你的整体动作可以展现角色的地位或精力。
To memorise these, create a physical mnemonic: stand like a proud emperor (posture), wave like a traffic officer (gesture), smile like you have just won a prize (facial expression), and stride like a giant (movement). Connect each term to a vivid image.
为了记住这些术语，创造一个身体记忆法：像骄傲的皇帝一样站立（姿态），像交警一样挥手（手势），像中奖一样微笑（面部表情），像巨人一样迈步（动作）。将每个术语和一个生动的画面联系起来。
4. Characterisation | 角色塑造
Characterisation is the process of creating a believable role. The three core elements are objective (what the character wants), motivation (why they want it), and status (their power or social position). An objective is often expressed as a strong verb: to impress, to escape, to dominate. Motivation is the backstory reason.
角色塑造是创造可信角色的过程。三个核心要素是目标（角色想要什么）、动机（为什么想要）和地位（他们的权力或社会位置）。目标常以强烈的动词表达：去表现、去逃离、去支配。动机则是背后的故事原因。
Use the ‘want’ formula: My character wants ______ because ______ . This simple sentence forces you to define objective and motivation. Status can be shown through physical height, use of space, and eye contact – high status often takes up more room.
使用“需求”公式：我的角色想要______，因为______。这个简单的句子能迫使你明确目标和动机。地位可以通过身体高度、空间运用和眼神接触来表现——地位高者常常占据更多空间。
5. Drama Elements | 戏剧要素
The building blocks of any play include plot, conflict, atmosphere, and theme. Plot is the sequence of events – what happens. Conflict is the struggle between opposing forces that drives the story. Atmosphere is the mood or feeling of a scene, created by lighting, sound, and acting. Theme is the big idea or message, such as friendship or courage.
任何戏剧的构成要素都包括情节、冲突、气氛和主题。情节是事件的顺序——发生了什么。冲突是推动故事的对抗力量。气氛是由灯光、音效和表演共同营造出来的场景情绪或感觉。主题则是大思想或信息，如友谊或勇气。
A simple memory chain: First, the plot gives you events. Those events create conflict. Conflict shapes the atmosphere. Finally, the audience discovers the theme. Draw these as four connected blocks on a sticky note.
一个简单的记忆链：首先，情节给出事件。这些事件引发冲突。冲突塑造气氛。最后，观众发现主题。把这四个要素画成便利贴上的四个相连方块，帮助记忆。
6. Set and Props | 布景与道具
A set is the physical environment on stage, constructed from flats (lightweight wooden frames with canvas) or other structures. Props (short for properties) are any items actors handle, like a book, cup, or sword. Props can be ‘set props’ (part of the scenery) or ‘hand props’ (carried by actors).
布景是舞台上的物理环境，由景片（轻质木框加帆布）或其他结构搭建而成。道具（properties的缩写）是演员拿取使用的任何物品，如一本书、杯子或剑。道具分为“场景道具”（布景的一部分）和“手持道具”（由演员随身携带）。
To avoid mixing up, picture a detective entering a room: the sofa and bookshelf are set; the magnifying glass in her hand is a hand prop. Everything an actor touches makes the world feel real and is chosen deliberately by the designer.
为了避免混淆，想象一位侦探走进房间：沙发和书架是布景；她手中的放大镜是手持道具。演员触碰的每一件物品都让戏剧世界变得真实，且都是经过设计师精心挑选的。
7. Lighting Terminology | 灯光术语基础
Basic lighting words you will hear include spotlight, floodlight, blackout, and fade. A spotlight is a narrow, focused beam of light used to highlight a single performer. A floodlight provides wide, general illumination. A blackout is the sudden removal of all light, and a fade is a gradual change in brightness.
你会听到的基础灯光术语包括聚光灯、泛光灯、黑场和渐暗。聚光灯是一束狭窄集中的光，用于突出单个表演者。泛光灯提供宽广的通用照明。黑场是瞬间熄灭所有灯光，渐暗则是亮度的逐渐变化。
Think of a film set: a detective under a single lamp – that is a spotlight. A whole dancing crowd lit evenly – that is a flood. When the horror moment hits and everything goes dark – blackout. When it gently gets dark – fade.
想象一个电影场景：一盏灯下的侦探——那是聚光灯。均匀照亮整群舞者——那是泛光。当恐怖时刻来临，一切变黑——黑场。当灯光柔和地暗下来——渐暗。
8. Sound and Music | 音效与音乐
Sound can be diegetic (heard by the characters, like a phone ringing) or non-diegetic (only heard by the audience, like tense background music). A sound effect is a specific sound created for a moment, while an underscore is continuous music setting the emotional tone. A cue is the signal to start a sound or action.
声音可以分为剧情内音（角色也能听到的，如电话铃声）和剧情外音（只有观众能听到的，如紧张的背景音乐）。音效是为某一瞬间所制造的特定声音，而配乐则是持续设定情绪基调的音乐。走点（cue）是启动声音或动作的信号。
Remember: diegetic = inside the story world, non-diegetic = outside the story world, for our ears only. When you tap the desk to mimic rain, you have created a live sound effect – sometimes called foley. Cues are often marked in a script with a number or line.
记住：剧情内音=故事世界内的声音，剧情外音=故事世界外的，只有我们观众听得见。当你敲击桌面模仿雨声时，你已经创造了一个现场音效——有时也叫拟音。走点在剧本中通常用数字或某句台词来标记。
9. Improvisation | 即兴表演
Improvisation, or improv, is creating drama without a script. The golden rule is ‘Yes, and…’ – accept your partner’s offer and build on it. An offer is any idea (a line, a gesture, an object) presented by an actor. Blocking is rejecting an offer, which stops the scene’s flow.
即兴表演是没有剧本的情况下创造戏剧。黄金法则是“是的，而且……”——接受同伴的提议并在此之上发展。提议是演员提出的任何想法（一句台词、一个手势、一样物品）。阻拦则是拒绝提议，这会中断场景的流动。
A handy mnemonic for improv skills: S.C.E.N.E. – Spontaneity, Cooperation, Energy, No blocking, Enjoy! Practise by playing games like ‘Freeze’ or ‘One-word story’ where everyone must say ‘yes’ to keep the story moving.
一个便利的即兴技巧记忆法：S.C.E.N.E. —— Spontaneity（自发性），Cooperation（合作），Energy（能量），No blocking（绝不阻拦），Enjoy（享受）！通过玩“定格”或“一个字故事”这类游戏来练习，每个人都必须说“是”以保持故事进行。
10. Rehearsal Process | 排练过程
Key rehearsal terms include warm-up, blocking, run-through, and notes. A warm-up is a short physical and vocal exercise to prepare body and voice. Blocking is planning where and how actors move on stage. A run-through is performing the whole scene or play without stopping. Notes are feedback given by the director after a run.
关键的排练术语包括热身、走位、连贯排练和导演讲评。热身是短时间的身体和声音练习，用来准备身体与嗓音。走位是规划演员在舞台上的移动位置与方式。连贯排练是不间断地表演整个场景或全剧。导演讲评是导演在一次连贯排练后给出的反馈。
Think of the rehearsal in layers: first, you warm up the instrument (your body). Then you set the traffic system (blocking). Next, you drive the route without stopping (run-through). Finally, you get a report on how to improve your driving (notes). This sequence makes the process easy to recall.
把排练想象成分层进行的：首先，你热身你的乐器（身体）。然后你设定交通系统（走位）。接着，你不间断行驶整条路线（连贯排练）。最后，你收到一份关于如何改进驾驶的报告（导演讲评）。这个顺序让整个流程容易记忆。
11. Stage Configurations | 舞台布局
Theatre spaces come in different shapes. A proscenium arch stage has a framed opening (arch) separating actors from audience – like a picture frame. A thrust stage juts out into the audience on three sides. An in-the-round stage has audience on all sides. A traverse stage has audience on two opposite sides, like a catwalk.
剧场空间形状各异。镜框式舞台有一个框架式的开口，把演员和观众分开——像画框。伸出式舞台三面伸入观众席。圆形舞台是观众四面环绕。通道式舞台则像时装秀台，观众坐在相对的两侧。
Draw simple diagrams: a rectangle with a little arch for proscenium; a T-shape for thrust; a circle of people for in-the-round; two facing lines for traverse. Visual shape memory works wonders for these terms.
画出简单图形：带小拱门的长方形表示镜框式；一个T形表示伸出式；一圈人表示圆形；两条面对面的线表示通道式。视觉形状记忆对这些术语特别有效。
12. Final Memory Power-Up | 终极记忆强化
To lock all these terms in long-term memory, create flashcards with the English term on one side and the definition (using simple words) on the other. Practise with a friend: have them call out a situation, and you shout the correct term. For example, ‘Light suddenly off!’ – ‘Blackout!’
为了把这些术语牢牢刻入长期记忆，制作一面是英文术语、另一面是简单释义的闪卡。和朋友一起练习：让他们喊出一个情境，你喊出正确的术语。例如：“灯突然灭了！”——“黑场！”
Body-based recall also helps: physically move to upstage when you say the word; make a sweeping gesture when explaining thrust stage. The more senses you involve – see it, say it, do it – the faster you will remember in your OCR drama lessons.
身体记忆也很有用：说出上舞台时真的走到上舞台区域；解释伸出式舞台时做一个扫过的手势。调动的感官越多——看见它、说出它、做出它——你在OCR戏剧课上就能越快回忆起来。
Published by TutorHao | Drama Revision Series | aleveler.com
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