Year 7 OCR Physics: Vocabulary & Terminology Quick Memory Guide | Year 7 OCR 物理：词汇术语速记指南

📚 Year 7 OCR Physics: Vocabulary & Terminology Quick Memory Guide | Year 7 OCR 物理：词汇术语速记指南

Welcome to your quick memory guide for Year 7 OCR Physics! Mastering key vocabulary is half the battle – when you understand the terms, the concepts click into place. This guide pairs every English term with its Chinese equivalent and sneaks in clever tricks to help you remember them. Use it alongside your revision notes for an instant boost.

欢迎来到 Year 7 OCR 物理词汇速记指南！掌握关键术语是成功的一半——一旦你理解了词汇，概念就会豁然开朗。本指南将每个英文术语与中文对应，并附带巧妙记忆法，助你牢记。与你的复习笔记一起使用，效果立竿见影。

1. Force and Motion | 力与运动

Force is simply a push or a pull. To remember: “Forces have both size and direction, shown by arrows.” Think of a tug-of-war.

力就是推或拉。记忆：”力有大小和方向，用箭头表示。” 想象拔河比赛。

The unit of force is the Newton (N). One Newton is roughly the weight of a small apple. If you hold an apple, you feel about 1 N of force.

力的单位是牛顿 (N)。1 牛顿大约是一个小苹果的重量。手托苹果时，你感受到约 1 N 的力。

Balanced forces: when two equal forces act in opposite directions, the object stays at rest or moves at constant speed. Mnemonic: Balanced = Boring – no change in motion.

平衡力：当两个大小相等、方向相反的力作用时，物体保持静止或匀速直线运动。助记：Balanced = Boring（无聊）——运动状态不变。

Unbalanced forces cause a change in motion – starting, stopping, speeding up, slowing down or changing direction. Remember: “Unbalanced = Uneven = Movement changes.”

非平衡力会导致运动状态改变——启动、停止、加速、减速或改变方向。记住：”Unbalanced = Uneven（不均）——运动会变化。”

Friction is a force that opposes motion. It can be useful (tyre grip on road) or a nuisance (engine wear). Rough surfaces create more friction. Think: “Friction fights movement.”

摩擦力是阻碍运动的力。它可能有用（轮胎抓地），也可能造成麻烦（发动机磨损）。表面越粗糙，摩擦力越大。记忆：”摩擦力总是对抗运动。”

Gravity is the force that pulls all objects toward the centre of the Earth. Weight is the name for this gravitational force on a mass. Learn this key formula:

重力是把所有物体拉向地球中心的力。重量就是作用于质量上的重力。记住这个关键公式：

Weight (N) = mass (kg) × gravitational field strength (N/kg)

On Earth, gravitational field strength is about 10 N/kg, so a 5 kg object weighs about 50 N.

在地球上，引力场强大约为 10 N/kg，所以 5 kg 的物体重量约为 50 N。

Mass is the amount of ‘stuff’ (matter) in an object, measured in kilograms (kg). It never changes. Weight is a force, measured in newtons (N), and varies with gravity. Mnemonic: “Mass is Massive stuff, Weight is Wobbly force.”

质量是物体所含”物质”的多少，单位是千克 (kg)。质量永远不变。重量是力，单位是牛顿 (N)，随引力变化。助记：”质量是物质的量，重量是变化的力。”

Air resistance is a type of friction caused by air pushing against a moving object. It increases with speed and surface area – that is why a parachute slows you down.

空气阻力是空气对运动物体的摩擦力。它随速度和表面积增大——这就是降落伞能减速的原因。

2. Energy Stores and Transfers | 能量的储存与转移

Energy is never created or destroyed – it only transfers between stores. The main stores are: Kinetic (moving), Thermal (heat), Chemical (food, batteries), Gravitational Potential (height), Elastic Potential (stretched or compressed), Magnetic, Electrostatic, and Nuclear. Try this acronym for the first five: Kids Take Candy Going East (Kinetic, Thermal, Chemical, Gravitational, Elastic).

能量既不会凭空产生也不会消失——它只在不同储存间转移。主要储存有：动能（运动）、热能（热）、化学能（食物、电池）、重力势能（高度）、弹性势能（拉伸或压缩）、磁能、静电和核能。试试这个前五个的首字母记忆法：Kids Take Candy Going East（孩子带着糖果向东走）。

Energy transfers happen through four pathways: Mechanical Working (by a force moving an object), Electrical Working (by a current), Heating (by temperature difference), and Radiation (by waves, e.g. light and sound). To memorise: “My Elephant Rides a Horse” (Mechanical, Electrical, Radiation, Heating).

能量通过四种途径转移：机械做功（力使物体移动）、电做功（电流）、热传递（温差）和辐射（波，如光与声）。记忆：”My Elephant Rides a Horse” (机械、电、辐射、热)。

Kinetic energy is the energy of movement. The faster an object moves, the more kinetic energy it has. Think of a racing car.

动能是运动的能量。物体运动越快，动能越大。想想赛车。

Gravitational potential energy (GPE) increases when an object is raised higher or has greater mass. A book on a top shelf has more GPE than one on the floor.

重力势能随高度或质量增大而增大。放在高层的书比放在地板上的书具有更多重力势能。

Elastic potential energy is stored when you stretch a rubber band or compress a spring. The more you stretch, the more energy is stored.

弹性势能储存在拉长的橡皮筋或压缩的弹簧中。拉伸越多，储存能量越多。

Thermal energy is the total kinetic energy of particles in an object. Hot tea has more thermal energy than cold tea.

热能是物体中所有粒子的总动能。热茶比冷茶有更多热能。

Chemical energy is stored in fuels, food and batteries. It is transferred when chemical reactions happen, like burning or digestion.

化学

Published by TutorHao | Year 7 Physics Revision Series | aleveler.com

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