Year 7 WJEC German: Vocabulary & Key Terms Quick Memorisation Guide | 7年级 WJEC 德语：词汇术语速记指南

📚 Year 7 WJEC German: Vocabulary & Key Terms Quick Memorisation Guide | 7年级 WJEC 德语：词汇术语速记指南

Starting German in Year 7 opens a door to a language full of logic, compound nouns, and words that often sound like English once you spot the patterns. This guide covers the core WJEC vocabulary topics you will meet in your first year, pairing every term with simple memory hooks, visual clues, and sound-alike tricks. Whether you are preparing for a vocabulary test or building your speaking confidence, these techniques will help the words stick.

从7年级开始学德语，就像推开一扇通往逻辑严密、复合名词丰富的大门。一旦你发现其中的规律，许多德语词听起来其实和英语很像。本指南涵盖WJEC第一年的核心词汇主题，并为每个词语搭配了简单的记忆挂钩、图像线索和声音联想法。无论你是在准备词汇测验，还是想增强口语自信，这些方法都能让单词牢牢印在脑海里。

1. Greetings and Introductions | 问候与介绍

From ‘Hallo’ to ‘Auf Wiedersehen’, German greetings are predictable and rhythmic. Notice how ‘Guten Morgen’ (good morning) starts with ‘Guten’ for all ‘good’ greetings – ‘Guten Tag’, ‘Guten Abend’. The pattern itself is a memory shortcut. For ‘Tschüss’ (bye), think of waving at a ‘choosy’ friend who is picky about saying goodbye in style. ‘Wie geht’s?’ (how are you?) sounds like ‘vee gates’ – imagine opening a garden gate to see how someone is doing. The reply ‘mir geht’s gut’ can be linked to ‘me gates good’ – my garden gate is fine, so I am fine too.

从’Hallo’到’Auf Wiedersehen’，德语问候语很有节奏感，容易预测。注意’Guten Morgen’（早上好）里的’Guten’出现在所有’好’的问候中——’Guten Tag’（你好）、’Guten Abend’（晚上好），这个规律本身就是记忆捷径。’Tschüss’（再见）听起来像’choosy’（挑剔的），想象你在向一个对告别方式很挑剔的朋友挥手。’Wie geht’s?’（你好吗？）发音接近’vee gates’——想象推开花园大门去关心对方。回答’mir geht’s gut’可以联想’me gates good’——我的花园大门状况良好，所以我也很好。

Introducing yourself centres on ‘Ich heiße…’ (I am called…). The ß character is ‘scharfes S’, a sharp S. Think of ‘heiße’ rhyming with ‘hice-uh’, and picture your name written in ice on a frosty window. For ‘Ich wohne in…’ (I live in…), link ‘wohne’ to the English ‘home’ (the ‘wo’ sounds like ‘voh’, close to ‘home’ if you drop the h). ‘Mein Alter’ (my age) is ‘mine alter’ – you are altering your age in a fun quiz. ‘Es freut mich’ (I am pleased) literally means ‘it joys me’; imagine a ‘freut’ fruit making you happy.

介绍自己时的核心是’Ich heiße…’（我叫……）。字母ß读作’scharfes S’，即尖利的S音。把’heiße’想成和’hice-uh’押韵，并想象你的名字用冰写在结霜的窗户上。’Ich wohne in…’（我住在……）中，’wohne’和英语的’home’（家）有关联（’wo’发’voh’音，略像去掉h的’home’）。’Mein Alter’（我的年龄）可记为’mine alter’——你在一个趣味测验中’alter’（改变）年龄。’Es freut mich’（很高兴认识你）字面意思是’它使我欣喜’；想象一个叫’freut’的快乐水果。

2. Numbers 1–20 | 数字 1 到 20

German numbers follow clear patterns once you crack 1–12. ‘Eins’ (one) is like ‘eye-ns’ – one eye. ‘Zwei’ (two) rhymes with ‘why’, and you might ask why two is ‘zwei’. ‘Drei’ (three) sounds like ‘dry’: three dry socks on a radiator. ‘Vier’ (four) is ‘fear’ – four scary things. ‘Fünf’ (five) looks like ‘funf’ but is said ‘fuenf’; imagine five fun friends. ‘Sechs’ (six) is ‘zecks’, not ‘sex’; picture six check marks. ‘Sieben’ (seven) is ‘zee-ben’ – dream of seven zebras named Ben. ‘Acht’ (eight) looks like ‘act’ – act eight of a play. ‘Neun’ (nine) rhymes with ‘loin’; think of nine coins. ‘Zehn’ (ten) is ‘tsayn’, like ‘tsar’ plus ‘n’; ten tsars in a line. ‘Elf’ (eleven) is same as English elf, so picture eleven elves. ‘Zwölf’ (twelve) is ‘tsvolf’, like ‘wolf’ with a ‘tsv’ – a wolf eating twelve pies.

德语数字一旦掌握1到12，后面就很有规律了。’Eins’（一）像 ‘eye-ns’ ——一只眼睛。’Zwei’（二）与’why’押韵，你可能想问为什么二是’zwei’。’Drei’（三）读如’dry’：暖气片上三只干袜子。’Vier’（四）听上去是’fear’——四件可怕的东西。’Fünf’（五）看上去像’funf’但读’fuenf’；想象五个有趣的朋友。’Sechs’（六）是’zecks’，不是’sex’；画六个勾号。’Sieben’（七）是’zee-ben’——梦见七只名叫Ben的斑马。’Acht’（八）形如’act’——一部戏的第八幕。’Neun’（九）与’loin’押韵；想想九枚硬币。’Zehn’（十）读’tsayn’，像’tsar’加’n’；十位沙皇排成一行。’Elf’（十一）和英语elf一样，想象十一个精灵。’Zwölf’（十二）为’tsvolf’，像’lwolf’前面加’tsv’——一只狼吃掉了十二个馅饼。

Teens are formed by adding ‘zehn’ to the base: 13 ‘dreizehn’ is ‘dry-tsayn’ – three and ten. However, 16 ‘sechzehn’ and 17 ‘siebzehn’ drop syllables for ease. Notice how ‘sech’ and ‘sieb’ shorten. Link ‘sech’ to ‘sechs’ minus the s, and ‘sieb’ to ‘sieben’ minus the en. The system is arithmetic made audible.

青少年数字由基数加’zehn’构成：13’dreizehn’即’dry-tsayn’——三和十。但16’sechzehn’和17’siebzehn’为了发音方便省略了音节。注意’sech’源自’sechs’去掉s，’sieb’源自’sieben’去掉en。整个体系就是听得见的算术。

Number	German	Quick Hook
1	eins	one eye-ns
2	zwei	two why?
3	drei	dry three
4	vier	fear four

Table: 1–4 with sound-alike mnemonics | 1到4的读音联想法

3. Colours | 颜色

Many German colour words resemble English with a twist. ‘Rot’ (red) is ‘rote’ without the e – think of a red rose rotting. ‘Blau’ (blue) is ‘blow’ – blue wind blows. ‘Grün’ (green) has an umlaut that pushes the tongue forward; say ‘gr-ew-n’ while thinking of a green ewe. ‘Gelb’ (yellow) sounds like ‘gel-b’ – imagine painting yellow gelatine. ‘Schwarz’ (black) contains ‘sch’ and a ‘warz’ like ‘warts’: a black wart on a witch. ‘Weiß’ (white) with the sharp ß reminds you it is sharp like fresh snow; picture a white ‘vice’ (sounds like ‘vice’). ‘Braun’ (brown) is ‘brown’ with an ‘a’ – a brown bear. ‘Orange’ stays same but spelled with capital O: ‘Orange’. ‘Rosa’ (pink) is like the flower. ‘Grau’ (grey) is ‘grow’ – grey clouds growing.

许多德语颜色词与英语相似但略有变化。’Rot’（红色）接近’rote’去掉e——想象一朵腐烂的红色玫瑰。’Blau’（蓝色）读如’blow’——蓝色的风在吹。’Grün’（绿色）有变音符号，舌头前移；发音’gr-ew-n’，同时想象一只绿色的母羊（ewe）。’Gelb’（黄色）读’gel-b’——画黄色明胶。’Schwarz’（黑色）包含’sch’和类似’warts’的部分：女巫身上的黑色疣。’Weiß’（白色）带着尖锐的ß，提醒你它像新雪一样明净；发音像英语’vice’。’Braun’（棕色）和’brown’相似但用’a’——一只棕色熊。’Orange’拼写一样但首字母大写。’Rosa’（粉色）像玫瑰花。’Grau’（灰色）为’grow’——灰色的云层在增长。

Learn colours in pairs: ‘schwarz und weiß’, ‘rot und grün’, ‘blau und gelb’. This contrast method helps your brain store them as connected opposites. Also try labelling objects in your room with sticky notes: ‘die Tür ist braun’ (the door is brown), ‘der Stuhl ist rot’ (the chair is red). Even if you forget ‘Stuhl’, the colour label will anchor the noun.

成对学习颜色：’schwarz und weiß’（黑与白）、’rot und grün’（红与绿）、’blau und gelb’（蓝与黄）。这种对比法能让大脑把它们作为关联的反义词来储存。你还可以用便利贴在房间里标注物体：’die Tür ist braun’（门是棕色的）、’der Stuhl ist rot’（椅子是红色的）。就算你忘了’Stuhl’，颜色标签也能帮你巩固名词。

4. School Items | 学校用品

Your pencil case (‘die Federmappe’ or ‘das Mäppchen’) is a small world of German nouns. ‘Der Bleistift’ (pencil) breaks into ‘Blei’ (lead) + ‘Stift’ (pen), but think of a pencil that ‘blei’ (stays) in your ‘stift’ grip. ‘Der Kuli’ (ballpoint pen) is short for ‘Kugelschreiber’ – a ball writer. Remember ‘Kuli’ as ‘coolie’ – a cool pen. ‘Das Heft’ (exercise book) sounds like ‘heft’ as in heft of pages. ‘Das Buch’ (book) is clearly ‘book’ with German ‘ch’ – a book full of ‘ch’ sounds. ‘Der Radiergummi’ (eraser) literally ‘radiating rubber’; link ‘Radier’ to ‘radiate’ – it radiates away your mistakes. ‘Der Spitzer’ (sharpener) comes from ‘spitz’ (sharp); picture a ‘spit’ of wood. ‘Das Lineal’ (ruler) is ‘linear’ – draw a straight line. ‘Die Schere’ (scissors) is ‘shear-uh’ – shearing paper.

你的铅笔盒（’die Federmappe’ 或 ‘das Mäppchen’）是一个小小的德语名词世界。’Der Bleistift’（铅笔）拆解为’Blei’（铅）+’Stift’（笔），但可以想象一支铅笔’blei’（保持）在你的’stift’抓握中。’Der Kuli’（圆珠笔）是’Kugelschreiber’的简称——球珠书写器。把’Kuli’记成’coolie’——一支酷酷的笔。’Das Heft’（练习簿）发音如’heft’，一叠厚厚的纸。’Das Buch’（书）显然是’book’加德语的’ch’——一本充满’ch’音的书。’Der Radiergummi’（橡皮）字面意思是’辐射橡胶’；把’Radier’与’radiate’（辐射）联系——它把错误都辐射消失了。’Der Spitzer’（削笔刀）源自’spitz’（尖）；想象一’spit’（木屑）。’Das Lineal’（直尺）就是’linear’——画一条直线。’Die Schere’（剪刀）念’shear-uh’——正在剪纸。

Gender matters here. Many school items are ‘der’ (masculine): der Bleistift, der Kuli, der Radiergummi, der Spitzer. ‘Das’ (neuter) often applies to objects ending in -chen (Mäppchen) or -um? Not consistently, but ‘das Heft’, ‘das Buch’, ‘das Lineal’. ‘Die’ (feminine) includes ‘die Schere’, ‘die Federmappe’. Create a colour-coded flashcard system: blue for der, red for die, green for das. Over time the gender becomes automatic.

这里性别很重要。许多学校用品是’der’（阳性）：der Bleistift、der Kuli、der Radiergummi、der Spitzer。’das’（中性）常用在以-chen结尾的名词（如Mäppchen），以及’das Heft’、’das Buch’、’das Lineal’。’die’（阴性）包括’die Schere’、’die Federmappe’。建立一个颜色编码的闪卡系统：蓝色代表der，红色代表die，绿色代表das。久而久之，性别就会根深蒂固。

5. Family | 家庭

Family terms in German are mostly straightforward but beware of false friends. ‘Die Familie’ is feminine. ‘Der Vater’ (father) is ‘fah-ter’ – a father in a car (V-ater), ‘die Mutter’ (mother) is ‘moo-ter’ – a mother cow. ‘Der Bruder’ (brother) is ‘broo-der’, like a brother who brews. ‘Die Schwester’ (sister) sounds like ‘shvester’ – your sister wears a vest. ‘Der Onkel’ (uncle) and ‘die Tante’ (aunt) are close to French. ‘Der Opa’ (granddad) and ‘die Oma’ (grandma) are loving short forms. ‘Die Geschwister’ (siblings) is a useful plural: ‘ge-shvis-ter’ – think of all siblings sharing a ‘gift’ of love.

德语的家庭用语大多直截了当，但要当心形近异义词。’Die Familie’是阴性。’Der Vater’（父亲）读’fah-ter’——想象开车（V-ater）的父亲，’die Mutter’（母亲）是’moo-ter’——一头牛妈妈。’Der Bruder’（兄弟）读’broo-der’，像一个酿酒（brew）的兄弟。’Die Schwester’（姐妹）近似’shvester’——你姐妹穿了一件背心（vest）。’Der Onkel’（叔叔）和’die Tante’（阿姨）听起来接近法语。’Der Opa’（爷爷）和’die Oma’（奶奶）是亲切的简称。’Die Geschwister’（兄弟姐妹）是很有用的复数词：’ge-shvis-ter’——想象所有兄弟姐妹分享一份爱的’gift’（礼物）。

To describe your family, use ‘Mein/Meine’ based on gender: ‘mein Vater’ (my dad), ‘meine Mutter’ (my mum), ‘meine Schwester’, ‘mein Bruder’. ‘Er heißt…’ (he is called…), ‘Sie heißt…’ (she is called…). Remember that the verb is second: ‘Mein Bruder heißt Tom.’ The structure is so regular that you can build a whole family tree with just a handful of verbs.

描述家庭时，根据性别选用’mein/meine’：’mein Vater’（我的父亲），’meine Mutter’（我的妈妈），’meine Schwester’，’mein Bruder’。’Er heißt…’（他叫……），’Sie heißt…’（她叫……）。记住动词在第二位：’Mein Bruder heißt Tom.’ 句式如此规律，你只需要几个动词就能构建整个家谱。

6. Hobbies and Free Time | 爱好与业余时间

Hobbies often end in -en or involve the verb ‘spielen’ (to play). ‘Fußball spielen’ (play football) is easy: ‘football shpeel-en’. ‘Ich spiele Klavier’ (I play piano) where ‘Klavier’ is ‘klah-veer’. ‘Ich höre Musik’ (I listen to music) – ‘hören’ sounds like ‘hern’ but with ö; think of hearing a heron. ‘Ich lese’ (I read) is ‘lee-zeh’ – you are lazy reading in a chair. ‘Ich schwimme’ (I swim) – ‘shvim-me’, a swimmer in the shimmering pool. ‘Ich tanze’ (I dance) – ‘tants-eh’, think of a tense dance move. ‘Ich male’ (I paint/draw) – ‘mah-leh’, like a painter called Mal.

爱好动词常以-en结尾，或与动词’spielen’（玩）相关。’Fußball spielen’（踢足球）很好记：’football shpeel-en’。’Ich spiele Klavier’（我弹钢琴）中’Klavier’读’klah-veer’。’Ich höre Musik’（我听音乐）——’hören’听起来像’hern’但读ö音；想象听见一只苍鹭（heron）。’Ich lese’（我阅读）念’lee-zeh’——你懒洋洋地坐在椅子上阅读。’Ich schwimme’（我游泳）——’shvim-me’，游泳者在波光粼粼的池中。’Ich tanze’（我跳舞）——’tants-eh’，做一个紧绷（tense）的舞蹈动作。’Ich male’（我画画）——’mah-leh’，像一位名叫Mal的画家。

To say you like something, ‘Ich mag …’ (+ noun): ‘Ich mag Musik’. But with verbs, you use ‘gern’: ‘Ich spiele gern Tennis’ (I like playing tennis). The ‘gern’ hugs the verb from behind. A memory trick: imagine your friend Gern likes every activity, so he always does things ‘gern’. Also master the question: ‘Was machst du in deiner Freizeit?’ (What do you do in your free time?). ‘Freizeit’ is ‘free time’ – ‘fry-tsite’. Break it into ‘fry’ + ‘site’ – your free time site.

表达喜欢某物用’Ich mag …’ 加上名词：’Ich mag Musik’。但是对动词要说’gern’：’Ich spiele gern Tennis’（我喜欢打网球）。’gern’总是紧跟动词后面。记忆窍门：想象你有个叫Gern的朋友，他什么都喜欢做，所以总是带着’gern’行动。同时掌握问句：’Was machst du in deiner Freizeit?’（你在空闲时间做什么？）。’Freizeit’即’free time’——发音’fry-tsite’。拆成’fry’（炸）+’site’（地点），你炸薯条的自由地点。

7. Food and Drink | 食物与饮料

German food vocabulary is loaded with cognates: ‘die Pizza’, ‘die Pasta’, ‘der Salat’ (salad). Watch out for ‘das Essen’ (food/meal) – ‘Essen’ is a main city but also means eating. ‘Ich esse’ (I eat) is ‘ess-eh’. ‘Der Apfel’ (apple) – ‘up-fel’, an upbeat apple. ‘Die Banane’ is banana. ‘Das Brot’ (bread) – ‘brote’ with a crisp t; think of a toast. ‘Der Käse’ (cheese) – ‘kay-zeh’, like a case of cheese. ‘Die Wurst’ (sausage) is famous: ‘voorst’, a burst of flavour. ‘Das Wasser’ (water) – ‘vasser’, a vase of water. ‘Der Saft’ (juice) – ‘zahft’, a soft juice. ‘Die Milch’ (milk) has the soft ‘ch’ like ‘milk-h’ – milk with a soft hiss.

德语食物词汇有很多同源词：’die Pizza’、’die Pasta’、’der Salat’（沙拉）。注意’das Essen’（食物/一顿饭）——’Essen’是一座主要城市，也意味着吃饭。’Ich esse’（我吃）读’ess-eh’。’Der Apfel’（苹果）——’up-fel’，一个乐观的苹果。’Die Banane’是香蕉。’Das Brot’（面包）——’brote’ 结尾有轻脆的t；想象烤面包。’Der Käse’（奶酪）——’kay-zeh’，一箱奶酪。’Die Wurst’（香肠）很出名：读’voorst’，一股爆发的风味。’Das Wasser’（水）——’vasser’，一瓶水。’Der Saft’（果汁）——’zahft’，一杯软软的果汁。’Die Milch’（牛奶）有轻柔的’ch’，类似’milk-h’——牛奶带一丝轻柔的嘶嘶声。

When ordering, ‘Ich möchte…’ (I would like) is polite. ‘Ich möchte einen Apfelsaft, bitte.’ Notice the accusative ‘einen’ for masculine ‘der Saft’. ‘Ein’ becomes ‘einen’ only for masculine. Practice with a breakfast table: ‘Zum Frühstück esse ich ein Brot mit Käse und trinke einen Saft.’ (For breakfast I eat bread with cheese and drink a juice). The phrase ‘Zum Frühstück’ starts like ‘zoom froo-shtook’ – zoom into breakfast.

点餐时，’Ich möchte…’（我想要）是礼貌说法。’Ich möchte einen Apfelsaft, bitte.’注意阳性名词’der Saft’的第四格’einen’。’ein’仅在阳性名词前变成’einen’。用早餐桌练习：’Zum Frühstück esse ich ein Brot mit Käse und trinke einen Saft.’（早餐我吃面包配奶酪，喝一杯果汁）。’Zum Frühstück’发音像’zoom froo-shtook’——拉近你的早餐。

8. Time and Days | 时间与星期

Telling time uses ‘Es ist … Uhr’. ‘Wie spät ist es?’ (What time is it?) literally ‘how late is it?’. ‘Um’ means at (time): ‘um acht Uhr’ (at eight o’clock). ‘Viertel’ (quarter), ‘halb’ (half) are essential. ‘Viertel nach fünf’ (quarter past five) is ‘quarter after five’. ‘Halb neun’ (half eight) means half past eight – but German logic counts towards the next full hour: half nine is 8:30. Imagine cutting the eighth hour in half: halb neun is still in the eighth, meaning 8:30.

说时间用’Es ist … Uhr’。’Wie spät ist es?’（几点了？）字面意思是’有多晚了？’。’Um’表示在某个时间点：’um acht Uhr’（在八点）。’Viertel’（一刻钟），’halb’（一半）是基础。’Viertel nach fünf’（五点一刻）是’五点过后一刻’。’Halb neun’（八点半）的意思是到九点的一半，即8:30。德语逻辑是向着下一个整点计算：halb neun是第九个小时的一半，也就是8:30。想象把第八个小时切半：halb neun仍在第八，表示8:30。

Days of the week: ‘Montag’ (Monday) – moon day, ‘Dienstag’ (Tuesday) like ‘deens-tag’, ‘Mittwoch’ (Wednesday) mid-week, ‘Donnerstag’ (Thursday) thunder day, ‘Freitag’ (Friday) free day, ‘Samstag/Sonnabend’ (Saturday), ‘Sonntag’ (Sunday) sun day. Memorise them with a story: On moon day you do a service (Dienst), mid-week you meet a witch, thunder hits on Thursday, you free on Friday, sun and sand on the weekend.

星期：’Montag’（星期一）月亮之日，’Dienstag’（星期二）像’deens-tag’，’Mittwoch’（星期三）周中，’Donnerstag’（星期四）雷声日，’Freitag’（星期五）自由日，’Samstag/Sonnabend’（星期六），’Sonntag’（星期日）太阳日。用故事记忆：月亮日你做事（Dienst），周中遇见女巫，星期四听雷声，星期五自由了，周末享受阳光沙滩。

9. Common Adjectives | 常用形容词

Adjectives bring your sentences to life. ‘Groß’ (big/tall) is ‘gross’ – a grossly big cake. ‘Klein’ (small) is ‘kline’ – a tiny line. ‘Alt’ (old) looks like ‘alt’ – an altered old book. ‘Neu’ (new) is ‘noy’ – a new noise. ‘Schnell’ (fast) – ‘shnell’, like a snail? No, opposite – remember a fast shell. ‘Langsam’ (slow) – ‘lang-zahm’, a long, tame walk. ‘Leicht’ (easy/light) – ‘lye-cht’, light as a light bulb. ‘Schwer’ (difficult/heavy) – ‘shvair’, share the heavy burden. ‘Hässlich’ (ugly) – ‘hess-lich’, a hateful sight. ‘Schön’ (beautiful) – ‘shern’, a beautiful shawl. ‘Lustig’ (funny) – ‘loos-tich’, a loose tickle. ‘Traurig’ (sad) – ‘trow-rich’, a sad trough.

形容词让你的句子活起来。’Groß’（大的/高）读’g

Published by TutorHao | Year 7 德语 Revision Series | aleveler.com

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