Common Mistakes and How to Fix Them in Year 9 AQA French | Year 9 AQA 法语：常见误区与纠正方法

📚 Common Mistakes and How to Fix Them in Year 9 AQA French | Year 9 AQA 法语：常见误区与纠正方法

As you build your French skills in Year 9, it is completely normal to stumble over a few recurring errors. This guide picks out the most common mistakes seen in AQA-style reading, writing, listening and speaking tasks, and shows you exactly how to correct them. By spotting these patterns early, you can polish your accuracy and feel much more confident.

在 Year 9 学习法语的过程中，出现一些反复发生的错误是完全正常的。本指南挑选了 AQA 风格的阅读、写作、听力和口语任务中最常见的误区，并告诉你该如何纠正它们。尽早识别这些模式，你就能提升准确度，变得更加自信。

1. Mixing up ‘être’ and ‘avoir’ in the perfect tense | 在复合过去时中混淆 ‘être’ 和 ‘avoir’

Many Year 9 students know that the passé composé needs a helping verb, but they often use ‘avoir’ for everything. For example, saying ‘J’ai allé’ instead of ‘Je suis allé(e)’. Certain verbs, mostly to do with movement or a change of state, take ‘être’. The trick is to learn the ‘Mrs Van der Tramp’ list: monter, rester, sortir, venir, arriver, naître, descendre, entrer, rentrer, tomber, retourner, aller, mourir, partir. Also, remember to add an extra -e for feminine and -s for plural when using ‘être’.

很多 Year 9 学生都知道复合过去时需要助动词，但他们常常对所有动词都用 ‘avoir’。比如会说 ‘J’ai allé’ 而非 ‘Je suis allé(e)’. 一部分动词，主要是与位移或状态变化有关的，需要助动词 ‘être’。诀窍是记住 ‘Mrs Van der Tramp’ 动词表：monter, rester, sortir, venir, arriver, naître, descendre, entrer, rentrer, tomber, retourner, aller, mourir, partir。同时，要记得使用 ‘être’ 时，主语为阴性加 -e，复数加 -s。

2. Forgetting adjective agreement | 忘记形容词的性数配合

English adjectives never change, so it is tempting to leave French adjectives in their masculine singular form. A sentence like ‘Ma sœur est petit’ should be ‘Ma sœur est petite’. The general rule is to add -e for feminine, -s for plural, and -es for feminine plural. Watch out for irregular adjectives too: ‘beau/belle’, ‘vieux/vieille’, ‘bon/bonne’. Practice by always checking the noun’s gender and number before you write the adjective.

英语中的形容词从不变化，所以很容易把法语形容词留在阳性单数形式。像 ‘Ma sœur est petit’ 这样的句子应该改为 ‘Ma sœur est petite’。一般规则是：阴性加 -e，复数加 -s，阴性复数加 -es。也要注意不规则的形容词：比如 ‘beau/belle’、’vieux/vieille’、’bon/bonne’。练习时，在写形容词之前先检查名词的性和数。

3. Using the wrong possessive adjective | 使用错误的物主形容词

Saying ‘son mère’ instead of ‘sa mère’ is a very common slip. In French, the possessive adjective agrees with the noun that follows, not with the owner. So ‘his mother’ is ‘sa mère’ because ‘mère’ is feminine, and ‘her father’ is ‘son père’ because ‘père’ is masculine. Make a habit of looking at the noun first and then choosing mon/ma/mes, ton/ta/tes, son/sa/ses, notre/nos, votre/vos, leur/leurs.

把 ‘son mère’ 说成 ‘sa mère’ 是一个非常常见的小错误。在法语中，物主形容词与它后面的名词配合，而不是与拥有者配合。因此 ‘his mother’ 是 ‘sa mère’，因为 ‘mère’ 是阴性；而 ‘her father’ 是 ‘son père’，因为 ‘père’ 是阳性。养成先看名词的习惯，然后再选择 mon/ma/mes、ton/ta/tes、son/sa/ses、notre/nos、votre/vos、leur/leurs。

4. Omitting the partitive article (du, de la, des) | 漏掉部分冠词 (du, de la, des)

In English we can say ‘I eat bread’, but in French you need the partitive: ‘Je mange du pain’. Students often drop the ‘du’, ‘de la’, ‘de l’’ or ‘des’ when talking about an unspecified quantity. A good rule of thumb: if you are not counting something and you could insert ‘some’ in English, you probably need a partitive in French. Also, after a negative, it becomes ‘de’ or ‘d’’: ‘Je ne mange pas de pain’.

英语中可以说 ‘I eat bread’，但在法语中需要用部分冠词：’Je mange du pain’。学生在表达不确定数量时，常常漏掉 ‘du’、’de la’、’de l’’ 或 ‘des’。一个很好的经验法则：如果谈论的不是可数数量，而且可以插入英语的 ‘some’，那么法语中通常需要部分冠词。另外，在否定之后，部分冠词变为 ‘de’ 或 ‘d’’：’Je ne mange pas de pain’。

5. Confusing ‘c’est’ and ‘il/elle est’ | 混淆 ‘c’est’ 与 ‘il/elle est’

Choosing between ‘C’est un bon film’ and ‘Il est bon’ can be tricky. The pattern is: use ‘c’est’ + article + noun or adjective acting as a general idea, and use ‘il/elle est’ + adjective alone (for a specific person or thing already mentioned). You would say ‘C’est une fille intelligente’ but ‘Elle est intelligente’. Examine what comes right after the verb; if it is a noun with a determiner, ‘c’est’ is almost always correct.

在 ‘C’est un bon film’ 和 ‘Il est bon’ 之间做选择可能有点棘手。规律是：当后面跟的是带冠词的名词，或者形容词表示整体概念时，用 ‘c’est’；而当指代已经提到过的特定人或事物，后面只接形容词时，用 ‘il/elle est’。你会说 ‘C’est une fille intelligente’，但说 ‘Elle est intelligente’。请观察动词后面紧接着什么：如果是带有限定词的名词，那么 ‘c’est’ 几乎总是正确的。

6. Mispronouncing silent final consonants | 末位不发音辅音读错

A very audible mistake is pronouncing the final -s, -t, -d or -ent in words like ‘parles’, ‘petit’, ‘grand’ and ‘ils parlent’. In most cases these endings are silent. The -ent ending for third person plural verbs is never pronounced. To sound more natural, pay attention to liaisons: when a silent consonant links to a following vowel sound, as in ‘les amis’ (pronounced ‘lez‿ami’). Listening to native speaker audio regularly will train your ear to drop those unnecessary sounds.

一个非常容易听出的错误是将 ‘parles’、’petit’、’grand’ 和 ‘ils parlent’ 这些词末尾的 -s、-t、-d 或 -ent 读出声来。在大多数情况下，这些词尾都不发音。动词第三人称复数的词尾 -ent 从不发音。为了让发音更自然，要注意连读：当一个不发音的辅音与后面元音开头连接时，比如 ‘les amis’（发音为 ‘lez‿ami’）。经常听母语者录音会训练你的耳朵，让你自然地省去那些多余的音。

7. Getting the near future tense wrong | 最近将来时用错

The near future (futur proche) is formed with the present tense of ‘aller’ + infinitive. A common error is to conjugate the second verb: ‘Je vais regarde la télé’ instead of ‘Je vais regarder la télé’. Another is forgetting to conjugate ‘aller’ at all, producing ‘Je aller manger’. Remind yourself that only ‘aller’ changes, and the action verb stays in the infinitive. Practice with a few high-frequency infinitives: faire, aller, regarder, jouer, manger.

最近将来时（futur proche）由 ‘aller’ 的现在时加上动词不定式构成。一个常见错误是把第二个动词也变位了：’Je vais regarde la télé’ 应是 ‘Je vais regarder la télé’. 另一个错误是根本不对 ‘aller’ 变位，导致说出 ‘Je aller manger’。要提醒自己，只有 ‘aller’ 需要变化，表示动作的动词保持不定式。用几个高频不定式来练习：faire, aller, regarder, jouer, manger。

8. Writing wrong verb endings for -er, -ir, -re verbs | -er, -ir, -re 动词词尾写错

Even after learning the conjugation patterns, students often mix up endings, especially in the present tense. For -er verbs: je -e, tu -es, il/elle -e, nous -ons, vous -ez, ils/elles -ent. For -ir (like finir): je -is, tu -is, il/elle -it, nous -issons, vous -issez, ils/elles -issent. For -re (like vendre): je -s, tu -s, il/elle -, nous -ons, vous -ez, ils/elles -ent. Creating a personalised verb table for the top 20 verbs you use most and testing yourself daily helps embed these patterns.

即使学过了变位规则，学生们仍然经常搞混词尾，尤其是在现在时中。对于 -er 动词：je -e, tu -es, il/elle -e, nous -ons, vous -ez, ils/elles -ent。对于 -ir 动词（如 finir）：je -is, tu -is, il/elle -it, nous -issons, vous -issez, ils/elles -issent。对于 -re 动词（如 vendre）：je -s, tu -s, il/elle -, nous -ons, vous -ez, ils/elles -ent。为你最常用的前 20 个动词制作一张个人动词变位表，并每天自测，有助于牢记这些模式。

9. Misplacing adverbs like ‘beaucoup’, ‘souvent’, ‘bien’ | 放错 ‘beaucoup’, ‘souvent’, ‘bien’ 等副词的位置

In English adverbs move around quite freely, but in French their position is more fixed. A common slip is writing ‘J’aime beaucoup le chocolat’ — this is actually fine, but the mistake creeps in with compound tenses: ‘J’ai beaucoup mangé’ and not ‘J’ai mangé beaucoup’. Short, common adverbs usually go after the conjugated verb in simple tenses, and between the auxiliary and past participle in compound tenses. Adverbs of time and place often go at the beginning or end of the clause. Practice rewriting your sentences by moving the adverb to the correct slot.

英语中副词可以相当自由地移动，但在法语中位置更为固定。一个常见的小错误是写出 ‘J’ai mangé beaucoup’，正确的应该是 ‘J’ai beaucoup mangé’。短小、常见的副词在简单时态中通常放在变位动词之后，在复合时态中则放在助动词和过去分词之间。时间和地点副词常位于句首或句末。练习改写句子，把副词放到正确的位置上。

10. Ignoring the gender of countries, colours and common nouns | 忽略国家、颜色和普通名词的阴阳性

Using ‘le France’ or ‘le plage’ shows that gender needs more attention. Countries ending in -e are almost all feminine (la France, la Chine, l’Italie), with a few exceptions like le Mexique, le Cambodge. Colours also change: ‘une robe blanc’ should be ‘une robe blanche’. Always learn nouns together with their article — not just ‘table’, but ‘une table’. When you write, underline every noun and check its gender; soon it will become instinctive.

使用 ‘le France’ 或 ‘le plage’ 表明对阴阳性的关注不够。以 -e 结尾的国家几乎都是阴性 (la France, la Chine, l’Italie)，只有少数例外如 le Mexique, le Cambodge。颜色也会变化：’une robe blanc’ 应该是 ‘une robe blanche’。学习名词的时候一定要连同冠词一起记——不只是 ‘table’，而是 ‘une table’。写作时，划出每一个名词并检查其性别；很快这就会成为本能反应。

11. Translating word-for-word from English | 逐字逐句从英语翻译

Constructions like ‘Je suis 14 ans’ (I am 14 years) instead of ‘J’ai 14 ans’ come from direct translation. French uses ‘avoir’ for age, hunger, thirst, fear and many other expressions. Other classic traps: ‘Je suis fini’ does not mean ‘I am finished’; it means ‘I am dead’. Learn whole phrases as chunks: ‘J’ai faim’, ‘J’ai soif’, ‘J’ai peur’, ‘J’ai fini’. By storing these as ready-made blocks, you reduce the risk of literal translation.

像 ‘Je suis 14 ans’ 而不是 ‘J’ai 14 ans’ 这样的结构源自于字面翻译。法语中表达年龄、饥饿、口渴、害怕等许多概念时使用 ‘avoir’。其他经典的陷阱有：’Je suis fini’ 不表示 ‘I am finished’，而是 ‘我死了’。要把整个短语当作语块来学习：’J’ai faim’、’J’ai soif’、’J’ai peur’、’J’ai fini’。通过这种方式储存预制语块，你可以减少逐字翻译的风险。

12. Stressing the wrong syllable and forgetting accents | 重音读错且忘记标音符

French stresses the last full syllable of a group of words, which is very different from English. Pronouncing ‘Paris’ with heavy stress on the first syllable sounds unnatural to French ears. Accents also matter for meaning: ‘ou’ (or) and ‘où’ (where), ‘a’ (has) and ‘à’ (to/at). Leaving off the accent can change the whole meaning and lose marks in writing. When revising, read out loud, exaggerate the final syllable slightly, and always double-check acute, grave and circumflex accents.

法语的重音落在词组的最后一个完整音节上，这和英语大不相同。用重音读 ‘Paris’ 的第一个音节，在法语听起来不自然。标音符对含义也至关重要：’ou’（或者）和 ‘où’（哪里）、’a’（有）和 ‘à’（在/到）。遗漏重音可能完全改变意思，还会在写作中丢分。复习时，要大声朗读，稍微夸大最后一个音节，并且反复检查开音符、闭音符和长音符。

Published by TutorHao | French Revision Series | aleveler.com

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