📚 Year 9 SQA Politics: Key Terms Memorisation Guide | Year 9 SQA 政治：词汇术语速记指南
Studying politics at Year 9 level introduces essential vocabulary that forms the foundation of understanding how societies are governed. This guide provides clear definitions and memorisation tips for key political terms in the SQA curriculum.
在Year 9学习政治，你需要掌握构成社会如何治理基础的基本词汇。本指南提供了符合SQA课程核心政治术语的明确定义和速记技巧。
1. Democracy and Government | 民主与政府
Democracy: A system of government where citizens exercise power by voting.
民主：公民通过投票行使权力的一种政府体系。
Memory tip: ‘Demo’ = people, ‘cracy’ = rule → rule by the people.
记忆提示：‘民主’ 拆解为 ‘民众’ + ‘做主’，即人民统治。
Representative democracy: Citizens elect representatives to make decisions on their behalf.
代议制民主：公民选举代表，由代表代为决策。
Memory tip: You choose someone to ‘present’ your views in parliament.
记忆提示：可以想象代表在议会中替你“发言”。
Direct democracy: Citizens vote on policies directly, without intermediaries.
直接民主：公民直接对政策投票，无需中间人。
Memory tip: ‘Direct’ like a direct flight—no transfers, you decide directly.
记忆提示：‘直接’ 如同直达航班，无中转，直接决策。
Referendum: A direct vote by the entire electorate on a specific proposal.
全民公投：全体选民对某项特定提案进行的直接投票。
Memory tip: Refer → referendum; people are referred to vote on one issue.
记忆提示：‘Referendum’ 与 ‘refer’ 同源，即把问题提交给公众表决。
2. The UK Political System | 英国政治体系
Parliament: The supreme legislative body in the UK, composed of the House of Commons, House of Lords, and the monarch.
议会：英国最高立法机构，由下议院、上议院和君主组成。
Memory tip: Think of a place where people ‘parley’ (discuss) laws.
记忆提示：‘Parliament’ 源于法语 ‘parler’ (说话)，即讨论法律的地方。
House of Commons: The elected lower house of Parliament where MPs debate and pass laws.
下议院：议会中经选举产生的下院，议员在此辩论并通过法律。
Memory tip: ‘Commons’ suggests common people (elected).
记忆提示：‘Commons’ 意指平民，议员由普通民众选出。
House of Lords: The upper house, largely appointed, which reviews legislation.
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