Year 10 Cambridge Drama: Key Terminology Quick Guide | 剑桥Year 10戏剧：词汇术语速记指南

📚 Year 10 Cambridge Drama: Key Terminology Quick Guide | 剑桥Year 10戏剧：词汇术语速记指南

Mastering the language of drama is essential for Year 10 Cambridge students. This quick guide provides clear definitions of the key terms you will encounter in script analysis, performance, and design. Use it to revise efficiently and boost your confidence in both written and practical assessments.

掌握戏剧语言对Year 10剑桥学生至关重要。本速记指南提供了你在剧本分析、表演和设计中会遇到的关键术语的清晰定义。用它来高效复习，提升在书面和实践评估中的信心。

1. Stage Directions | 舞台方位

Stage directions are instructions in a script that describe the movement, positioning, and actions of actors on stage. They are always written from the actor’s perspective while facing the audience.

舞台指示是剧本中描述演员在舞台上移动、站位和动作的指令。它们始终从演员面对观众时的视角来写。

Centre Stage (CS): The middle of the acting area, often considered the strongest position.

舞台中央（CS）：表演区中央，通常被认为是最有力的位置。

Downstage (DS): The part of the stage closest to the audience.

舞台前部（DS）：最靠近观众的舞台部分。

Upstage (US): The area furthest from the audience.

舞台后部（US）：离观众最远的区域。

Stage Left (SL): The actor’s left side when facing the audience.

舞台左侧（SL）：演员面对观众时的左手边。

Stage Right (SR): The actor’s right side when facing the audience.

舞台右侧（SR）：演员面对观众时的右手边。

Prompt Side (PS): Traditionally the side where the prompter sits, normally stage left in UK theatre.

提词侧（PS）：传统上提词员坐的一侧，英国剧院通常是舞台左侧。

Opposite Prompt (OP): The opposite side to the prompt side, normally stage right.

反提词侧（OP）：提词侧的对侧，通常是舞台右侧。

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2. Drama Elements | 戏剧要素

Plot: The sequence of events that make up the story of a play.

情节：构成戏剧故事的一系列事件。

Character: A person (or sometimes an animal/object) in the play who takes part in the action.

角色：剧中参与行动的人物（有时为动物或物体）。

Theme: The central idea or underlying message explored in the play, such as love, power, or revenge.

主题：剧中探索的中心思想或潜在信息，如爱、权力或复仇。

Setting: The time and place where the drama occurs, including historical period and location.

背景：戏剧发生的时间和地点，包括历史时期和地点。

Conflict: The struggle between opposing forces, which drives the drama forward. It can be internal or external.

冲突：对立力量之间的斗争，推动戏剧发展。可以是内在的或外在的。

Climax: The turning point or moment of highest tension in the play.

高潮：剧中的转折点或紧张度最高的时刻。

Resolution / Denouement: The part of the story where the conflict is resolved and loose ends are tied up.

解决/结局：故事中冲突得到解决、未了结的问题被收尾的部分。

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3. Character & Dialogue | 角色与台词

Dialogue: Conversation between two or more characters.

对白：两个或更多角色之间的对话。

Monologue: A long speech delivered by a single character, often while others are on stage. It reveals thoughts or advances the plot.

独白：由一个角色说出的长篇讲话，通常其他角色也在场。它揭示思想或推进剧情。

Soliloquy: A speech where a character speaks their inner thoughts aloud, usually alone on stage, assuming no other characters can hear.

内心独白：角色独自在舞台上大声说出内心思想的台词，假设其他角色听不到。

Aside: A short comment made by a character directly to the audience, unheard by other characters on stage.

旁白：角色直接对观众说的简短评论，不被舞台上其他角色听见。

Duologue: A scene or piece of dialogue between exactly two characters.

双人对话：剧本中正好两个角色之间的场景或对白。

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4. Performance Basics | 表演基础

Blocking: The planned movement and positioning of actors on stage, set by the director.

舞台走位：由导演安排的演员在舞台上的移动和站位计划。

Cue: A signal, either a line or an action, that tells an actor when to speak or move.

提示：告诉演员何时开口或动作的信号，可以是一句台词或一个动作。

Stage Business: Small actions performed by actors, such as pouring a drink or reading a letter, that add realism and detail.

舞台小动作：演员进行的细微动作，如倒饮料或读信，增加真实感和细节。

Focus: The point on stage where the audience’s attention is directed. An actor can ‘steal focus’ by drawing attention away from the main action.

焦点：观众注意力集中的舞台点。演员可以通过将注意力从主要动作引开来“抢夺焦点”。

Marking the Moment: A technique where an important moment in the drama is emphasised, often through a freeze frame, slow motion, or a change in lighting.

时刻标记：一种强调戏剧中重要时刻的技巧，通常通过定格、慢动作或灯光变化来实现。

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5. Vocal Skills | 声音技巧

Pitch: How high or low the voice sounds.

音高：声音听起来有多高或多低。

Pace: The speed at which lines are delivered.

语速：台词的表达速度。

Pause: A deliberate break in speech, used to create tension or emphasise a point.

停顿：讲话中有意的间断，用于制造紧张或强调要点。

Volume: The loudness or quietness of the voice.

音量：声音的响度或轻柔程度。

Tone: The emotional quality conveyed by the voice, such as sarcastic, warm, or anxious.

语调：声音传达的情感特质，如讽刺、温暖或焦虑。

Articulation: The clarity with which words are pronounced.

吐字：词语发音的清晰度。

Projection: Using the voice so that it can be clearly heard throughout the audience without shouting.

声音投射：运用声音使全场观众清晰听到，而不需喊叫。

Intonation: The rise and fall of the voice during speech, which affects meaning.

语调抑扬：讲话时声音的升降，影响语义。

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6. Physical Skills | 肢体技巧

Gesture: A movement of the hand, arm, or head to communicate meaning or emotion.

手势：手、臂或头的动作，以传达意义或情感。

Posture: The way a character holds their body, reflecting status, age, or mood.

体态：角色保持身体的方式，反映地位、年龄或情绪。

Gait: The manner in which a character walks, which can reveal personality or physical condition.

步态：角色行走的方式，能揭示性格或身体状况。

Facial Expression: The use of the face to show emotions, such as happiness, fear, or anger.

面部表情：利用面部表现情绪，如快乐、恐惧或愤怒。

Eye Contact: Where and how an actor looks; it can build connection with the audience or another character.

眼神交流：演员看哪里、怎么看；它可以建立与观众或其他角色的联系。

Levels: Using different heights on stage (standing, sitting, lying) to show status relationships and create visual interest.

层次：运用舞台上不同高度（站立、坐下、躺下）来表现地位关系和创造视觉趣味。

Proxemics: The use of space and distance between characters to show their relationship or tension.

空间关系学：运用角色之间的空间距离来表现关系或紧张感。

Stillness: The absence of movement, often just as powerful as action, used to create tension or focus.

静止：无动作的状态，往往与动作同样有力，用于制造紧张或集中焦点。

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7. Staging Configurations | 舞台布局类型

Proscenium Arch: A traditional stage where the

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