Year 11 Edexcel Chemistry: Formula & Theorem Quick Reference | Year 11 Edexcel 化学公式定理速查手册

📚 Year 11 Edexcel Chemistry: Formula & Theorem Quick Reference | Year 11 Edexcel 化学公式定理速查手册

This article provides a concise, bilingual quick‑reference guide to the essential formulas and theorems covered in the Year 11 Edexcel Chemistry specification. From mole calculations and titrations to energy changes and equilibrium, you will find all the key relationships clearly stated with worked examples, helping you to revise efficiently and tackle exam questions with confidence.

本文为您提供一份简明扼要的双语速查手册，涵盖 Year 11 Edexcel 化学大纲中的核心公式与定理。从摩尔计算、滴定到能量变化和化学平衡，所有重要关系式均配有中英文说明与例题，助您高效复习、自信应考。

1. Relative Formula Mass and the Mole | 相对分子质量与摩尔

Relative atomic mass (Aᵣ) is the average mass of an atom compared to 1/12th the mass of a carbon‑12 atom. Relative formula mass (Mᵣ) is the sum of the Aᵣ values of all the atoms in a formula unit.

相对原子质量（Aᵣ）是原子平均质量与碳‑12 原子质量的 1/12 相比的值。相对分子质量（Mᵣ）是化学式中所有原子的相对原子质量之和。

Mᵣ = Σ Aᵣ of all atoms

The mole is the unit for amount of substance. One mole contains exactly 6.02 × 10²³ particles – this number is the Avogadro constant.

摩尔是物质的量的单位。1 摩尔物质含有 6.02 × 10²³ 个粒子，这个数字称为阿伏伽德罗常数。

The molar mass (M) of a substance is its relative formula mass expressed in grams per mole (g mol⁻¹).

摩尔质量（M）是以克每摩尔（g mol⁻¹）为单位的相对分子质量。

2. Calculating Moles from Mass | 由质量计算摩尔

The number of moles (n) can be found from the mass (m) and the molar mass (M) using:

从质量（m）和摩尔质量（M）计算摩尔数（n）的公式为：

n = m / M

Example: How many moles are there in 10.0 g of calcium carbonate, CaCO₃? Mᵣ = 40 + 12 + (3 × 16) = 100, so n = 10.0 / 100 = 0.100 mol.

示例：10.0 g 碳酸钙 CaCO₃ 中含有多少摩尔？Mᵣ = 40 + 12 + (3 × 16) = 100，因此 n = 10.0 / 100 = 0.100 mol。

Before using mole ratios in reacting mass problems, always write the balanced chemical equation.

在利用摩尔比进行质量计算之前，务必先写出配平的化学方程式。

3. Moles and Gas Volumes at RTP | 摩尔与室温常压下的气体体积

At room temperature and pressure (RTP, 20 °C and 1 atm), one mole of any gas occupies 24 dm³. This is called the molar gas volume.

在室温常压（RTP，20 °C、1 atm）下，1 摩尔任何气体的体积为 24 dm³，这称为气体的摩尔体积。

volume (dm³) = number of moles × 24

Published by TutorHao | Year 11 Chemistry Revision Series | aleveler.com

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