Year 11 CAIE Physics: Formula & Theorem Quick Reference Handbook | 年11 CAIE 物理：公式定理速查手册

📚 Year 11 CAIE Physics: Formula & Theorem Quick Reference Handbook | 年11 CAIE 物理：公式定理速查手册

This revision handbook collects all the essential formulas and key theorems required for the Year 11 CAIE IGCSE Physics examination. Use it as a quick–reference tool to memorise and apply the relationships correctly during your revision.

本复习手册汇集了年11 CAIE IGCSE 物理考试所需的所有基本公式和关键定理。将其作为快速参考工具，帮助你在复习中准确记忆和应用各种关系式。

1. Motion and Kinematics | 运动学

v = s / t

Average speed equals distance travelled divided by time taken.

平均速率等于移动的距离除以所用时间。

a = (v – u) / t

Acceleration is the change in velocity per unit time.

加速度等于单位时间内速度的变化量。

v = u + a t

First equation of motion: final velocity = initial velocity plus acceleration × time.

第一运动方程：末速度 = 初速度 + 加速度 × 时间。

v² = u² + 2 a s

Third equation of motion: relates final velocity, initial velocity, acceleration and displacement.

第三运动方程：关联末速度、初速度、加速度和位移。

s = u t + ½ a t²

Second equation of motion: displacement = initial velocity × time + half × acceleration × time squared.

第二运动方程：位移 = 初速度 × 时间 + ½ × 加速度 × 时间的平方。

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2. Forces and Momentum | 力与动量

F = m × a

Newton’s second law: resultant force equals mass times acceleration.

牛顿第二定律：合力等于质量乘以加速度。

W = m × g

Weight is the force due to gravity acting on a mass (g = gravitational field strength).

重量是因重力作用于质量而产生的力（g 为重力场强度）。

p = m × v

Momentum is the product of mass and velocity.

动量是质量与速度的乘积。

F = Δp / t

Resultant force equals rate of change of momentum.

合力等于动量的变化率。

Impulse = F × t = Δp

Impulse is equal to the change in momentum.

冲量等于动量的变化。

Hooke’s Law: F = k x

The extension of a spring is directly proportional to the applied force, within the elastic limit.

胡克定律：在弹性限度内，弹簧的伸长量与施加的力成正比。

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3. Energy, Work and Power | 能量、功和功率

W = F d

Work done = force × distance moved in the direction of the force (when force and displacement are parallel).

做功 = 力 × 沿力方向移动的距离（当力与位移平行时）。

Eₖ = ½ m v²

Kinetic energy of a moving object.

运动物体的动能。

Eₚ = m g h

Gravitational potential energy gained by raising a mass through a height h.

将质量提升高度 h 所增加的重力势能。

P = W / t

Power is the rate of doing work or transferring energy.

功率是做功或能量转移的速率。

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