Year 13 AQA Business: Key Terms Memory Guide | Year 13 AQA 商务：关键词汇速记指南

📚 Year 13 AQA Business: Key Terms Memory Guide | Year 13 AQA 商务：关键词汇速记指南

Mastering AQA A-level Business terminology is essential for high-grade essays and data-response questions. This guide breaks down the key Year 13 terms into memorable chunks, with English explanations followed by their Chinese equivalents, along with quick memory hooks to lock them in.

掌握 AQA A-level 商务术语是获得高分论文和数据分析题的关键。本指南将 Year 13 的核心词汇分解为易于记忆的模块，每部分先提供英文解释再配以中文对应，并附上快速记忆联想法，助你牢固掌握。

1. Corporate Objectives, Mission & Strategies | 企业目标、使命与战略

A mission statement is a qualitative declaration of the business’s core purpose and values, often used to inspire stakeholders. It answers the question ‘Why do we exist?’

使命宣言是对企业核心宗旨与价值观的定性陈述，常用于激励利益相关者，回答“我们为何存在？”

Corporate objectives are the specific, SMART goals set by senior management to fulfil the mission. They cascade down into functional and departmental objectives.

企业目标是由高级管理层为实现使命而设定的具体、符合 SMART 原则的目标，并向下分解为职能部门和部门目标。

Memory aid: Think of the hierarchy as ‘Mission → Corporate Goals → Functional Tactics’. Use the mnemonic SMART: Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound.

记忆诀窍：将层级视为“使命 → 企业目标 → 职能策略”。使用 SMART 缩写：具体 (Specific)、可衡量 (Measurable)、可实现 (Achievable)、相关性 (Relevant)、有时间限制 (Time-bound)。

2. SWOT Analysis & Strategic Fit | SWOT 分析与战略匹配

SWOT stands for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats. It is a diagnostic tool to assess internal capabilities (strengths and weaknesses) and external environmental factors (opportunities and threats).

SWOT 代表优势、劣势、机会和威胁。它是一种诊断工具，用于评估内部能力（优势与劣势）和外部环境因素（机会与威胁）。

Strengths are internal positive attributes, like brand reputation; Weaknesses are internal limitations, such as high staff turnover. Opportunities arise from external trends, e.g. an emerging market; Threats come from outside, e.g. new legislation.

优势是内部积极属性，如品牌声誉；劣势是内部局限，如高员工流失率。机会来自外部趋势，如新兴市场；威胁来自外部，如新法规。

Memory trick: Draw a 2×2 grid. Label top-left ‘Helpful Internal (Strengths)’, top-right ‘Helpful External (Opportunities)’, bottom-left ‘Harmful Internal (Weaknesses)’, bottom-right ‘Harmful External (Threats)’. This visualises the internal-external and positive-negative dimensions.

记忆法：画一个 2×2 网格。左上标“有帮助的内部（优势）”，右上是“有帮助的外部（机会）”，左下是“有害的内部（劣势）”，右下是“有害的外部（威胁）”。这样可直观显示内外部和正负维度。

3. PESTLE: Analysing the Macro-Environment | PESTLE 宏观环境分析

PESTLE is an acronym for Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, and Environmental factors. Businesses use it to scan the external macro-environment for opportunities and risks.

PESTLE 是政治、经济、社会、技术、法律和环境因素的缩写。企业利用它扫描外部宏观环境，寻找机会与风险。

Political: tax policies, trade restrictions. Economic: inflation, exchange rates, GDP growth. Social: demographic changes, lifestyle trends. Technological: automation, R&D. Legal: employment law, health and safety. Environmental: carbon footprint, sustainability.

政治：税收政策、贸易限制。经济：通货膨胀、汇率、GDP 增长。社会：人口结构变化、生活方式趋势。技术：自动化、研发。法律：劳动法、健康与安全。环境：碳足迹、可持续发展。

Memory aid

Published by TutorHao | Year 13 商务 Revision Series | aleveler.com

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