📚 IGCSE CAIE Philosophy: Glossary & Terminology Quick Reference Guide | IGCSE CAIE 哲学：词汇术语速记指南
This guide provides a structured review of essential philosophical terminology for the CAIE IGCSE Philosophy syllabus (0409). Mastering these terms is crucial for analysing arguments and constructing well-supported essays. Each entry includes a concise definition and a memory tip where helpful.
本指南为CAIE IGCSE哲学(0409)大纲的关键哲学术语提供结构化复习。掌握这些术语对于分析论证和构建有说服力的论文至关重要。每个条目都包含简洁定义和有用的记忆技巧。
1. Epistemology Terms | 认识论术语
Epistemology is the study of knowledge. It asks what we can know and how we can know it. The following three terms form the backbone of many epistemological debates.
认识论是关于知识的研究。它探讨我们能知道什么以及如何知道。以下三个术语构成了许多认识论争论的基础。
A priori knowledge: Knowledge gained independently of sense experience. Examples include logical truths (e.g., “All bachelors are unmarried”) and mathematical axioms. Rationalists claim that some important knowledge is a priori.
先验知识：不依赖于感官经验而获得的知识。例子包括逻辑真理（例如 ‘所有单身汉都是未婚的’）和数学公理。
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