Doing an Investigation in Chemistry | 化学实验探究方法

📚 Doing an Investigation in Chemistry | 化学实验探究方法

A chemistry investigation is a step-by-step way of answering a scientific question. You change one variable, measure another, and keep everything else the same. This article explains how to plan, carry out, record, and evaluate an investigation using KS3 chemistry examples.

化学探究是回答科学问题的一种循序渐进的科学方法。你改变一个变量，测量另一个变量，并保持其他条件不变。本文用 KS3 化学中的实例解释如何计划、实施、记录和评估一个探究。

1. Asking a Scientific Question | 提出科学问题

The investigation begins with a testable question. It must include the thing you will change and the thing you will measure. For example, ‘How does the temperature of water affect the time taken for a sugar cube to dissolve?’ is clear and testable.

探究开始于一个可检验的问题。问题中必须包含你将要改变的因素和你将要测量的因素。例如，’水的温度如何影响方糖溶解所需的时间？’ 这个问题清晰且可检验。

Avoid questions that are too broad or based on opinion, such as ‘Which liquid is best?’ or ‘Is dissolving fun?’. Instead, ask questions that can be answered with measurements and repeated trials.

避免过于宽泛或基于观点的问题，例如 ‘哪种液体最好？’ 或 ‘溶解有趣吗？’。相反，要提出可以用测量和重复实验来回答的问题。

If your topic is too wide, narrow it down to one independent variable. For example, instead of asking about dissolving in general, focus on how temperature affects the dissolving time of a fixed mass of sugar in a fixed volume of water.

如果主题太宽泛，就把它缩小到一个自变量。例如，与其笼统地研究溶解，不如专注于温度如何影响固定质量糖在固定体积水中的溶解时间。

2. Variables: Independent, Dependent and Control | 变量：自变量、因变量和控制变量

In a fair experiment, you must identify three types of variable. The independent variable is the one you change on purpose. The dependent variable is the one you measure or observe. Control variables are all

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