KS3 CIE Introduction to Sound: Mark Scheme Essentials | KS3 CIE 声音入门：评分标准要点

📚 KS3 CIE Introduction to Sound: Mark Scheme Essentials | KS3 CIE 声音入门：评分标准要点

This revision guide explains how marks are awarded in the KS3 CIE Introduction to Sound topic. It breaks down the key ideas, common command words and the precise language examiners expect.

本复习指南解析 KS3 CIE 声音入门单元的评分方式，梳理核心概念、常见指令词以及考官期望的准确表述。

1. How Sound is Produced | 声音是如何产生的

In the CIE mark scheme, the first idea examiners look for is that all sounds are produced by vibrations. You must identify the vibrating object clearly: a drum skin vibrates, vocal cords vibrate, a ruler vibrates.

在 CIE 评分方案中，考官首先寻找的核心观点是所有声音都由振动产生。你必须明确指出振动的物体：鼓面振动、声带振动、尺子振动。

A common one-mark answer is ‘the speaker cone vibrates’. Writing only ‘the speaker makes sound’ is too vague because it does not name the vibration.

常见的 1 分答案是“扬声器纸盆振动”。只写“扬声器发出声音”太模糊，因为没有指出振动。

2. Sound Needs a Medium | 声音需要介质

Sound needs a medium to travel through. The medium can be a solid, liquid or gas. The particles in the medium vibrate and pass the energy along, but the particles themselves stay in place.

声音需要介质才能传播。介质可以是固体、液体或气体。介质中的粒子振动并传递能量，但粒子本身留在原地。

For full marks, do not just say sound cannot travel in space; say why: a vacuum has no particles to vibrate, so energy cannot be transferred.

要拿满分，不要只说声音不能在太空传播；要说明原因：真空中没有粒子可以振动，因此能量无法传递。

Examiners often award one mark for the observation and one mark for the explanation, so include both parts.

考官通常对现象给 1 分，对解释给 1 分，所以要同时写出两部分。

3. How Sound Travels | 声音如何传播

Sound travels as a longitudinal wave. The particles vibrate backwards and forwards in the same direction as the wave moves. This creates areas of compression where particles are close together and rarefaction where particles are spread out.

声音以纵波形式传播。粒子沿波传播的方向前后振动。这形成粒子密集的压缩区和粒子稀疏的稀疏区。

In the mark scheme, accept longitudinal wave or particles vibrate along the direction of energy transfer. Do not say particles travel from the source to the ear.

评分标准接受纵波或粒子沿能量传递方向振动。不要说粒子从声源移动到耳朵。

Sound transfers energy without transferring matter. This statement often appears as a marking point in explain questions.

声音传递能量但不传递物质。这句话经常是解释题中的给分点。

4. Frequency and Pitch | 频率与音调

Pitch is determined by frequency. Frequency is the number of complete vibrations per second and is measured in hertz (Hz). A higher frequency gives a higher pitch.

音调由频率决定。频率是每秒完整振动的次数，单位是赫兹 (Hz)。频率越高，音调越高。

Do not write pitch depends on amplitude. Amplitude affects loudness, not

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