Mastering Cambridge Primary Mathematics Learner's Book 2 | 掌握剑桥小学数学学生用书第2册

📚 Mastering Cambridge Primary Mathematics Learner’s Book 2 | 掌握剑桥小学数学学生用书第2册

The Cambridge Primary Mathematics Learner’s Book 2, 2nd Edition, written by Cherri Moseley and Janet Rees, is a core resource for young learners aged 6 to 7 who are building a solid foundation in mathematics. It follows the Cambridge Primary Maths curriculum framework and encourages children to explore numbers, shapes, measures and data through practical activities, visual models and clear step-by-step examples. This article breaks down the key topics and learning strategies in the book so that students, parents and teachers can use it more effectively for classroom learning and home revision.

《剑桥小学数学学生用书第2册》第二版由 Cherri Moseley 和 Janet Rees 编写，是 6 至 7 岁儿童打好数学基础的核心教材。该书遵循剑桥小学数学课程框架，通过实践活动、直观模型和清晰的分步示例，鼓励孩子探索数字、图形、测量和数据。本文梳理了书中的重点主题与学习方法，帮助学生、家长和教师更有效地用于课堂学习与家庭复习。

1. Number and Place Value | 数字与位值

In Learner’s Book 2, children first consolidate their understanding of numbers up to 100. They learn to count in steps of 2, 5 and 10, read and write two-digit numbers, and recognise the value of each digit in a two-digit number. Place value is introduced using tens and ones blocks, number lines and part-whole models, which help learners see that 47 means 4 tens and 7 ones.

在第 2 册中，孩子们首先巩固对 100 以内数字的理解。他们学习以 2、5、10 为步长计数，读写两位数，并认识两位数中每个数字的值。位值通过十位和个位积木、数轴以及部分-整体模型来引入，帮助学习者理解 47 表示 4 个十和 7 个一。

Count forwards and backwards within 100.
Identify tens and ones in a two-digit number.
Compare and order numbers using symbols <, > and =.

在 100 以内正数和倒数。
识别两位数中的十位和个位。
使用符号 <、> 和 = 比较并排列数字。

2. Addition and Subtraction | 加法与减法

This section develops mental and written methods for adding and subtracting two-digit numbers. Learners practise number bonds to 20, use a hundred square to add and subtract tens, and apply the column method without regrouping before moving to regrouping. The book emphasises understanding the relationship between addition and subtraction as inverse operations.

本部分发展两位数加减法的心算与笔算方法。学习者练习 20 以内的数对，使用百数表加减整十数，并在进位之前先应用不进位的竖式方法，再过渡到进位。本书强调理解加法与减法作为逆运算的关系。

45 + 23 = 68
68 − 23 = 45

Recall number bonds to 10 and 20 quickly.
Add and subtract a two-digit number and ones.
Solve missing number problems such as 34 + ? = 50.

快速回忆 10 和 20 的数对。
两位数与一位数的加减法。
解决缺数问题，如 34 + ? = 50。

3. Multiplication and Division | 乘法与除法

Multiplication is introduced as repeated addition and as arrays. Children learn the 2, 5 and 10 times tables and use grouping and sharing to understand division. Real-life contexts such as counting pairs of socks, fingers on hands or groups of coins help make the concepts meaningful and memorable.

乘法作为重复加法和阵列来引入。孩子们学习 2、5、10 的乘法表，并使用分组和分享来理解除法。现实生活情境，如数袜子对数、手指数量或硬币分组，有助于使概念有意义且容易记忆。

Recognise equal groups and arrays.
Use the multiplication tables for 2, 5 and 10.
Solve simple division by sharing or grouping.

认识相等的组和阵列。
使用 2、5、10 的乘法表。
通过分享或分组解决简单除法。

4. Fractions | 分数

Learners are introduced to halves, quarters and thirds of shapes, lengths and sets of objects. They learn that a fraction is an equal part of a whole, and they begin to write simple fractions such as ½, ¼ and ⅓. Practical folding, cutting and shading activities reinforce the idea that the parts must be equal.

学习者开始认识形状、长度和物体集合的二分之一、四分之一和三分之一。他们学习分数是一个整体的相等部分，并开始书写简单分数，如 ½、¼ 和 ⅓。折叠、剪切和涂色等实践活动强化了“各部分必须相等”的概念。

½ of 8 = 4
¼ of 8 = 2

Find half, quarter and third of a shape or number.
Understand that fractions are equal parts of a whole.
Compare simple fractions like ½ and ¼.

求形状或数字的 ½、¼、⅓。
理解分数是整体的相等部分。
比较简单分数，如 ½ 和 ¼。

5. Measurement: Length, Mass and Capacity | 测量：长度、质量与容量

Children learn to measure and compare length using non-standard units such as cubes and hand spans, then move to centimetres and metres. They also explore mass using grams and kilograms, and capacity using millilitres and litres. Estimating before measuring is a key skill, and learners record results in simple tables.

孩子们学习使用非标准单位（如立方体和手掌跨度）测量和比较长度，然后过渡到厘米和米。他们还使用克和千克探究质量，使用毫升和升探究容量。测量前先估算是一项关键技能，学习者将结果记录在简单表格中。

Quantity	Common Units
Length	cm, m
Mass	g, kg
Capacity	ml, l

Measure length in centimetres using a ruler.
Compare mass using a balance scale.
Read simple scales for capacity in millilitres.

使用直尺以厘米为单位测量长度。
使用天平比较质量。
读取以毫升为单位的简单容量刻度。

6. Geometry: Properties of 2D and 3D Shapes | 几何：二维与三维图形的性质

Learners identify and describe common 2D shapes such as squares, rectangles, circles, triangles, pentagons and hexagons. They count sides and vertices, and sort shapes according to their properties. For 3D shapes, they learn to name cubes, cuboids, spheres, cylinders, cones and pyramids, and describe faces, edges and vertices.

学习者识别并描述常见二维图形，如正方形、长方形、圆形、三角形、五边形和六边形。他们数边和顶点，并根据性质对图形进行分类。对于三维图形，他们学习命名立方体、长方体、球体、圆柱体、圆锥体和棱锥体，并描述面、棱和顶点。

Name and describe common 2D and 3D shapes.
Count sides, vertices, faces and edges.
Sort shapes using one or two criteria.

命名并描述常见二维和三维图形。
数边、顶点、面和棱。
使用一个或两个标准对图形进行分类。

7. Position, Direction and Movement | 位置、方向与运动

This topic helps children use everyday language to describe position, such as above, below, left, right, between and next to. They also learn to give and follow instructions for movement, including whole turns, half turns, quarter turns and three-quarter turns. These skills support early understanding of coordinates and geometry.

本主题帮助孩子使用日常语言描述位置，例如上面、下面、左边、右边、在……之间和旁边。他们还学习给出并遵循运动指令，包括整圈、半圈、四分之一圈和四分之三圈。这些技能支持早期对坐标和几何的理解。

Describe the position of objects using positional words.
Give and follow instructions for turns.
Recognise clockwise and anticlockwise movement.

使用方位词描述物体的位置。
给出并遵循转动指令。
认识顺时针和逆时针运动。

8. Time and Money | 时间与货币

Learners read time to the hour and half hour on analogue clocks, and begin to understand quarter past and quarter to. They also learn days of the week, months of the year and the sequence of seasons. In money, children recognise coins and notes, add amounts, and give change in simple practical contexts.

学习者学会在模拟时钟上读出整点和半点，并开始理解一刻过和差一刻。他们还学习星期、月份和季节的顺序。在货币方面，孩子们认识硬币和纸币，计算金额，并在简单实际情境中找零。

Read analogue clocks to the hour and half hour.
Know the order of days and months.
Add coin values and work out change.

在模拟时钟上读出整点和半点。
知道星期和月份的顺序。
计算硬币总值并找零。

9. Data Handling and Statistics | 数据处理与统计

Children collect, organise and represent data using pictograms, block graphs and simple tables. They interpret the data by answering questions such as ‘How many more?’ or ‘Which is most popular?’ These early statistical skills develop logical thinking and the ability to draw simple conclusions from information.

孩子们使用象形图、方块图和简单表格收集、整理并呈现数据。他们通过回答“多多少？”或“哪个最受欢迎？”等问题来解释数据。这些早期统计技能培养逻辑思维和从信息中得出简单结论的能力。

Collect data using tallies.
Draw and read a simple pictogram or block graph.
Answer questions about the data shown.

使用计票符号收集数据。
绘制并阅读简单的象形图或方块图。
回答关于所示数据的问题。

10. Patterns and Sequences | 模式与数列

Recognising, describing and extending patterns is a fundamental mathematical skill. In this section, learners work with number sequences, shape patterns and repeating patterns. They identify the rule, predict the next term and create their own patterns. This supports algebraic thinking and prepares children for more formal reasoning later.

识别、描述和扩展模式是一项基本数学技能。在本节中，学习者处理数字序列、图形模式和重复模式。他们识别规律、预测下一项并创造自己的模式。这支持代数思维，并为以后更正式的推理做准备。

2, 4, 6, 8, 10, …
▲ ■ ▲ ■ ▲ ■ …

Identify the rule in a number sequence.
Extend repeating shape patterns.
Create and describe own patterns.

识别数字序列中的规律。
扩展重复的图形模式。
创造并描述自己的模式。

11. Problem Solving and Reasoning | 问题解决与推理

Problem solving is embedded throughout the Learner’s Book 2. Children are encouraged to use concrete objects, drawings and number sentences to model problems. They learn to read a problem carefully, choose an appropriate strategy, check their answer and explain their thinking. This approach builds confidence and independence in mathematics.

问题解决贯穿于第 2 册的始终。本书鼓励孩子使用具体实物、图画和数字算式来建模问题。他们学习仔细阅读问题、选择合适的策略、检查答案并解释自己的思考过程。这种方法培养数学中的自信和独立性。

Use objects, pictures or number sentences to solve problems.
Check answers using inverse operations.
Explain how a problem was solved.

使用实物、图画或数字算式解决问题。
使用逆运算检查答案。
解释问题的解决过程。

12. How to Use This Book for Effective Revision | 如何有效利用本书进行复习

To get the most from the Learner’s Book 2, set short, focused practice sessions of 15 to 20 minutes. Complete one topic at a time, then revisit it with oral questions and mini quizzes. Use the visual models and practical activities in the book before moving to written exercises, and always encourage learners to explain their reasoning aloud.

为了充分利用第 2 册，设定 15 到 20 分钟的短时专注练习。每次完成一个主题，然后用口头提问和小测验进行回顾。在进行书面练习之前，先使用书中的直观模型和实践活动，并始终鼓励学习者大声解释自己的推理过程。

Work through the examples step by step.
Practise with real objects such as coins, clocks and shape blocks.
Review mistakes together and correct them positively.

逐步完成示例。
使用硬币、时钟和形状积木等实物进行练习。
一起回顾错误并积极纠正。

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Mastering Cambridge Primary Mathematics Learner’s Book 2 | 掌握剑桥小学数学学生用书第2册