📚 CIE AS Religious Studies: Divinity Syllabus & Exam Focus | CIE AS 宗教：Divinity 考试大纲与考点分析
This comprehensive guide introduces the CIE AS Level Religious Studies (Divinity) syllabus, outlining the core components, assessment objectives, and key examination strategies. Whether you are just beginning your course or preparing for final revision, this article helps you understand exactly what the examiners are looking for and how to structure your study effectively.
本指南全面介绍 CIE AS 阶段宗教研究（Divinity）考试大纲，系统梳理核心模块、评估目标与关键应试策略。无论你是刚刚开始这门课程，还是正在进行考前冲刺，本文都将帮助你精确理解考官的评分要求，并高效规划你的学习路径。
1. Course Overview | 课程总览
The CIE AS Level Religious Studies (code 8041 for AS, with A Level code 9012) is designed to introduce students to key philosophical, ethical, and textual questions within the Judeo-Christian tradition. The syllabus is structured to encourage critical thinking, textual analysis, and the ability to construct well-reasoned arguments. At AS level, candidates study two papers, each focusing on distinct areas of religious thought.
CIE AS 阶段宗教研究（AS 代码 8041，A Level 完整代码 9012）旨在引导学生深入探讨犹太-基督教传统中的核心哲学、伦理与文本问题。课程大纲以培养批判性思维、文本分析能力以及构建严谨论证的技巧为目标。在 AS 阶段，考生需要学习两份试卷，每份聚焦于不同的宗教思想领域。
The syllabus is rooted in the study of the Old Testament, the New Testament, and key ethical theories. It is essential that students develop familiarity with the biblical text itself, as well as the historical and cultural contexts in which these texts were written. Examiners reward candidates who can move beyond mere description and into analysis and evaluation.
该大纲以《旧约》、《新约》以及核心伦理理论为根基。学生必须熟悉圣经文本本身，同时理解这些文本成书的历史与文化背景。考官尤其青睐那些不仅能描述内容，更能进行分析与评估的考生。
2. Paper 1: Old Testament | 试卷一：旧约
Paper 1 focuses on selected books of the Old Testament. As of the current syllabus, the prescribed texts typically include substantial portions of Genesis and the Book of Amos. Candidates are expected to demonstrate a detailed knowledge of the content, structure, and theological themes of these books, and to be able to comment on specific passages with precision.
试卷一聚焦于《旧约》选读书卷。依据现行大纲，指定文本通常包括《创世记》与《阿摩司书》的重要章节。考生需要展示对这些书卷内容、结构与神学主题的深入了解，并能对具体章节进行精确评注。
The examination requires students to answer source-based questions, passage-based questions, and essay questions. For passage-based questions, candidates must place the passage in its wider context, explain its meaning, and discuss its significance. For essays, a clear thesis, supported by textual evidence and scholarly opinion, is essential.
考试题型包括基于原始资料的问答题、基于指定段落的评述题以及论述题。对于段落评述题，考生必须将该段落置于更宽广的语境中，解释其含义，并讨论其重要性与意义。对于论述题，必须提出明确的论点，并以文本证据和学术观点作为支撑。
3. Paper 2: New Testament & Ethics | 试卷二：新约与伦理学
Paper 2 is divided into two parts: the study of the New Testament (specifically the Gospel of Luke) and the study of Religious Ethics. This dual focus requires students to move between narrative analysis and philosophical reasoning. The New Testament section emphasises the distinctive features of Luke’s Gospel, including its themes of salvation, universalism, prayer, and concern for the marginalised.
试卷二分为两个部分：新约研读（具体为《路加福音》）与宗教伦理学。这种双重聚焦要求学生在叙事分析与哲学推理之间灵活切换。新约部分强调《路加福音》的独特之处，包括救恩、普世性、祷告以及对边缘群体的关注等主题。
The ethics section introduces students to natural law theory, situation ethics, and the application of biblical principles to contemporary moral issues. Students must be able to explain each ethical framework clearly, identify its strengths and weaknesses, and apply it to issues such as abortion, euthanasia, and human rights.
伦理学部分引入自然法理论、情境伦理以及圣经原则在当代道德议题中的应用。学生必须能够清晰地解释每一种伦理框架，识别其优点与不足，并将其应用于堕胎、安乐死与人权等现实议题。
4. Assessment Objectives | 评估目标
The assessment objectives (AOs) are the core skills that examiners use to evaluate your work. There are two AOs in this syllabus: AO1 (Knowledge and Understanding) and AO2 (Analysis and Evaluation). To achieve top marks, you must address both AOs in every essay you write.
评估目标（AOs）是考官评判你答卷的核心技能。本大纲包含两项 AO：AO1（知识与理解）和 AO2（分析与评估）。要想获得高分，你必须在一篇论述中同时满足这两项要求。
AO1 involves the accurate recall of factual content, including biblical narratives, key terms, and scholarly positions. AO2 requires you to examine issues from multiple perspectives, weigh evidence, and reach reasoned conclusions. In practice, this means every paragraph should describe and explain before it analyses and judges.
AO1 要求准确回忆事实内容，包括圣经叙事、关键术语与学者立场。AO2 则要求你从多个角度审视问题，权衡证据，并得出合理结论。在实际操作中，这意味着每一个段落都应先进行描述与解释，再进行分析与判断。
5. Question Types Explained | 题型深度解析
The AS examination employs several distinct question types, each testing different skills. Part (a) questions typically assess knowledge and understanding, while part (b) and essay questions require greater critical engagement. Knowing what each question is asking is half the battle.
AS 考试包含几种不同类型的题目，每种考查不同的技能。(a) 部分通常考查知识与理解，而 (b) 部分和论述题则要求更深入的批判性思考。理解每道题真正在问什么，是成功的一半。
For source-based questions, you will be given a short extract from a prescribed text and asked to comment on it. For essay questions, you must develop a coherent argument with a clear introduction, body, and conclusion. Examiners reward structure, relevance, and the thoughtful use of textual evidence.
对于基于资料的题目，你会得到一段指定文本的摘录，并需要对其进行评注。对于论述题，你必须构建一个连贯的论证体系，包括清晰的引言、主体和结论。考官特别看重结构逻辑、内容切题以及文本证据的巧妙运用。
6. Key Themes in Genesis | 《创世记》核心主题
The study of Genesis focuses on the primeval history (chapters 1–11) and the patriarchal narratives (chapters 12–50). Key themes include creation, the nature of humanity, sin and the fall, covenant, and divine promise. Candidates should be prepared to discuss these themes in relation to specific passages and to evaluate their theological significance.
《创世记》的学习重点集中在太古历史（第1–11章）与列祖叙事（第12–50章）。核心主题包括创造、人性本质、罪与堕落、圣约以及神圣应许。考生需要能够结合具体章节讨论这些主题，并评估其神学意义。
One common examination question asks candidates to evaluate the relationship between faith and history in the Genesis narratives. This requires an awareness of literary genre, the editorial history of the text, and the ways in which ancient readers would have understood these stories. Scholarly views from figures such as Walter Brueggemann and Gerhard von Rad are often cited in high-scoring answers.
常见的考题之一是评估《创世记》叙事中信仰与历史之间的关系。这要求考生了解文学体裁、文本的编辑历史，以及古代读者理解这些故事的方式。高分答案中常会引用 Walter Brueggemann 和 Gerhard von Rad 等学者的观点。
7. The Book of Amos: Social Justice | 《阿摩司书》：社会正义
The Book of Amos is one of the most powerful prophetic texts in the Old Testament. Amos, a shepherd from Tekoa, was called by God to deliver a message of judgement to the Northern Kingdom of Israel. His prophecy is renowned for its unrelenting focus on social injustice, religious hypocrisy, and the coming “day of the Lord.”
《阿摩司书》是《旧约》中最具冲击力的先知文本之一。阿摩司原为提哥亚的牧人，蒙神呼召向北国以色列传递审判的信息。他的预言以对社会不公、宗教虚伪以及即将来临的”耶和华的日子”的毫不妥协的批判而闻名。
Students must understand the historical background of the eighth century BCE, including the economic prosperity of Israel and the exploitation of the poor. Amos’s famous call to “let justice roll down like waters” (Amos 5:24) is a favourite quotation in examinations and should be understood both theologically and ethically.
学生必须了解公元前8世纪的历史背景，包括以色列的经济繁荣以及对穷人的剥削。阿摩司最著名的呼召”惟愿公平如大水滚滚，公义如江河滔滔”（阿摩司书5:24）是考试中的常见引文，需要从神学与伦理两个维度加以理解。
8. Luke’s Gospel: Salvation & Compassion | 《路加福音》：救恩与怜悯
Luke’s Gospel is the most detailed account of the life and ministry of Jesus Christ, and it is distinguished by its emphasis on prayer, the activity of the Holy Spirit, and the inclusion of outcasts. Key passages include the birth narratives, the parable of the Good Samaritan, the story of Zacchaeus, and the account of the road to Emmaus.
《路加福音》是关于耶稣基督生平和事工的最详尽的记载，其独特之处在于对祷告、圣灵的工作以及接纳被排斥者的强调。关键章节包括降生叙事、好撒玛利亚人的比喻、撒该的故事以及以马忤斯路上的经历。
Examiners frequently ask about the concept of “salvation” in Luke, which is represented as holistic — encompassing physical healing, spiritual forgiveness, and social restoration. The parable of the Prodigal Son is a central text for understanding Luke’s theology of grace, and candidates should be able to analyse its structure, characters, and message in depth.
考官经常问及《路加福音》中的”救恩”概念。路加所呈现的救恩是全人性的，涵盖身体医治、灵性赦免与社会复原。浪子回头的比喻是理解路加恩典神学的核心文本，考生应该能够深入分析其结构、人物与信息。
9. Natural Law & Situation Ethics | 自然法与情境伦理
The ethics component of Paper 2 introduces students to two competing moral frameworks: Natural Law theory, as developed by Thomas Aquinas, and Situation Ethics, as advanced by Joseph Fletcher. Natural law is a deontological system that holds that moral rules are grounded in the nature of human beings and are discoverable through reason.
试卷二的伦理学部分引入两种相互竞争的道德框架：托马斯·阿奎那发展的自然法理论，以及约瑟夫·弗莱彻倡导的情境伦理。自然法属于义务论体系，认为道德规则植根于人的本性，并可以通过理性发现。
Situation ethics, by contrast, is a teleological and consequentialist system that argues the most loving thing to do in any situation is the right action. Candidates must be prepared to compare these systems, evaluate their strengths and weaknesses, and apply them to specific moral dilemmas with nuance and depth.
相比之下，情境伦理属于目的论与后果主义体系，主张在任何情境中，最具爱心的做法即为正确行为。考生必须准备好比较这两种体系，评估其优缺点，并富有层次地将其应用于具体道德困境中。
10. Examination Strategy: How to Write High-Scoring Essays | 应试策略：如何写出高分论述
The most important skill for the AS Divinity examination is the ability to write structured, analytical essays under timed conditions. A strong essay begins with a clear introduction that defines the terms of the question and signals the argument to come. Each body paragraph should focus on a single point, supported by textual or philosophical evidence, and linked to the overall argument.
AS Divinity 考试最重要的技能是在限时条件下撰写结构严谨、具有分析性的论述文。一篇优秀的论述开头必须清晰界定题目中的术语，并预告随后的论证方向。每一个主体段落应聚焦于单一论点，并以文本或哲学证据作为支撑，同时与整体论证保持关联。
Always leave time to proofread your work. Spelling, grammar, and punctuation contribute to clarity, and clarity matters. Re-read the question before you conclude, and make sure your conclusion directly answers what was asked. Examiners award marks for relevance, so never memorise whole essays — memorise themes, quotes, and arguments.
务必留出时间检查你的答卷。拼写、语法与标点直接影响表达的清晰度，而清晰度至关重要。在写结论之前重新阅读一遍问题，确保你的结论直接回应当题所问。考官会为切题加分，因此千万不要死记硬背整篇范文——应记忆主题、引文与论证逻辑。
11. Common Pitfalls & How to Avoid Them | 常见误区与规避方法
Many candidates lose marks by describing the content of a text without ever moving to evaluation. Description alone will not achieve high marks at AS level. To avoid this, ensure every paragraph includes words like “therefore,” “however,” or “this implies,” which signal analysis and critical thought.
许多考生因为只描述文本内容而没有进行评估而失分。在 AS 阶段，单纯的描述无法获得高分。要避免这一点，请确保每一段都包含”因此””然而”或”这表明”等词汇，这些词是分析与批判性思考的标志。
Another common issue is a failure to use biblical quotations accurately. An essay peppered with vague references such as “the Bible says” is far weaker than one that cites chapter and verse. Build a list of key quotations for each topic and practise weaving them naturally into your essays. However, remember that a quotation is worthless unless you explain its meaning and significance.
另一个常见问题是未能准确引用圣经原文。一篇充斥着”圣经说”之类模糊表述的论述，远比准确标注篇章经节的文章要薄弱。请为每一个主题整理一份关键引文清单，并练习将其自然融入论述中。但请记住，如果你不解释引文的含义和意义，那么引文便毫无价值。
12. Resources & Final Advice | 备考资源与终极建议
In addition to the prescribed Bible translations (such as the NIV or NRSV), students should consult reliable study guides and scholarly introductions. CIE past papers are an indispensable resource — they reveal patterns in questioning and help you practise time management. The command words used in questions (e.g., “discuss,” “evaluate,” “explain”) dictate the level of response required, so learn them well.
除了指定圣经译本（如 NIV 或 NRSV）之外，学生还应参考可靠的研读指南与学术导论。CIE 历年真题是不可或缺的资源——它们能揭示提问规律，并帮助你练习时间分配。题目中的指令词（如”讨论””评估””解释”）决定了所需回答的深度，务必熟练掌握。
Finally, approach the subject with genuine curiosity. Divinity is not merely an exercise in memorisation; it is an invitation to think deeply about the most profound questions of existence, justice, love, and transcendence. When you engage with the material authentically, examination success follows naturally. Remember: tutorhaos and aleveler.com are here to support you every step of the way.
最后，请以真正的好奇心对待这门学科。宗教研究不仅仅是记忆的练习，它更是一次邀请，邀请你深入思考关于存在、公义、爱与超越的最深刻问题。当你真诚地投入到学习材料中时，考试的成功便水到渠成。请记住：TutorHao 与 aleveler.com 始终在这里，支持你的每一步成长。
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