Year 7 CAIE French Core Knowledge Review | Year 7 CAIE 法语:核心知识点梳理

📚 Year 7 CAIE French Core Knowledge Review | Year 7 CAIE 法语:核心知识点梳理

Bonjour! Year 7 French introduces the building blocks of the language: greetings, nouns, articles, adjectives, present tense verbs, negation, questions, numbers, and everyday vocabulary. This revision guide breaks down the essential topics you need to master for CAIE assessments, with clear examples in both French and English.

你好!Year 7 法语学习从语言的基础模块开始:问候、名词、冠词、形容词、现在时动词、否定式、疑问句、数字和日常词汇。本复习指南将为你梳理 CAIE 测评必须掌握的核心知识点,每个要点都配有清晰的法英双语示例。


1. Greetings and Introductions | 问候与介绍

Start every conversation with confidence. Basic greetings include ‘Bonjour’ (Hello/Good day), ‘Salut’ (Hi), and ‘Bonsoir’ (Good evening). To ask someone’s name, use ‘Comment tu t’appelles?’ and reply with ‘Je m’appelle…’. ‘Ça va?’ means ‘How are you?’ and you can answer ‘Ça va bien, merci.’ or ‘Comme ci, comme ça.’

自信地开启每一段对话。基本问候语包括“Bonjour”(你好/日安)、“Salut”(嗨)和“Bonsoir”(晚上好)。询问名字时说“Comment tu t’appelles?”,回答“Je m’appelle…”。“Ça va?”意思是“你好吗?”,可以回答“Ça va bien, merci.”或者“Comme ci, comme ça.”(马马虎虎)。


2. Nouns and Gender | 名词与性别

In French, every noun is either masculine or feminine. This affects the articles and adjectives used with it. Often, nouns ending in -e are feminine (e.g., ‘une table’), but there are many exceptions (e.g., ‘un livre’ is masculine). When you learn a new noun, always memorise its gender by learning it with ‘un’ or ‘une’.

法语中每个名词都有阴阳性,这会影响与之搭配的冠词和形容词。通常以 -e 结尾的名词是阴性(如“une table”桌子),但例外也很多(如“un livre”书是阳性)。学习新名词时一定要连同“un”或“une”一起记,从而掌握其性别。


3. Definite and Indefinite Articles | 定冠词与不定冠词

Articles come before nouns. The definite articles are ‘le’ (masculine), ‘la’ (feminine), ‘l’’ (before a vowel or silent h), and ‘les’ (plural). The indefinite articles are ‘un’ (masculine), ‘une’ (feminine), and ‘des’ (plural). Use definite articles for specific things (‘le chat’ – the cat) and indefinite for general things (‘un chat’ – a cat).

冠词置于名词之前。定冠词包括“le”(阳性)、“la”(阴性)、“l’”(用于元音或哑音 h 前)和“les”(复数)。不定冠词为“un”(阳性)、“une”(阴性)和“des”(复数)。表示特指时用定冠词(“le chat” 那只猫),泛指时用不定冠词(“un chat” 一只猫)。


4. Plural Nouns | 名词的复数

To make most French nouns plural, add -s to the singular form: ‘un ami’ → ‘des amis’. Nouns ending in -eau or -eu usually add -x: ‘un bateau’ → ‘des bateaux’. Pay attention to irregular plurals like ‘un œil’ → ‘des yeux’. The article also changes to ‘les’ or ‘des’.

大多数法语名词变为复数时,在单数形式后加 -s:“un ami” → “des amis”。以 -eau 或 -eu 结尾的名词通常加 -x:“un bateau” → “des bateaux”。注意不规则复数,如“un œil”(眼睛)→ “des yeux”。冠词也要相应变为“les”或“des”。


5. Subject Pronouns | 主语代词

Subject pronouns tell us who is doing the action. The French set is: ‘je’ (I), ‘tu’ (you, informal singular), ‘il’ (he/it), ‘elle’ (she/it), ‘on’ (one/we informally), ‘nous’ (we), ‘vous’ (you formal/plural), ‘ils’ (they masculine), ‘elles’ (they feminine). Use ‘tu’ with friends and ‘vous’ with adults or groups.

主语代词表明动作的执行者。法语的主语代词有:“je”(我)、“tu”(你,非正式单数)、“il”(他/它)、“elle”(她/它)、“on”(泛指人们/口语中的“我们”)、“nous”(我们)、“vous”(您/你们)、“ils”(他们,阳性)、“elles”(她们,阴性)。和朋友说话用“tu”,对长辈或群体用“vous”。


6. Key Verbs: avoir and être | 核心动词:avoir 与 être

The two most important verbs in French are ‘avoir’ (to have) and ‘être’ (to be). Their present tense conjugations are irregular and must be memorised. ‘Avoir’: j’ai, tu as, il/elle/on a, nous avons, vous avez, ils/elles ont. ‘Être’: je suis, tu es, il/elle/on est, nous sommes, vous êtes, ils/elles sont. These verbs are also used as auxiliaries in past tenses later on.

法语中最重要的两个动词是“avoir”(有)和“être”(是)。它们的现在时变位不规则,必须熟记。“Avoir”:j’ai, tu as, il/elle/on a, nous avons, vous avez, ils/elles ont。“Être”:je suis, tu es, il/elle/on est, nous sommes, vous êtes, ils/elles sont。这两个动词以后还会作为助动词用于过去时态。


7. Regular -er Verbs | 规则 -er 动词变位

Most French verbs end in -er in the infinitive, like ‘parler’ (to speak), ‘aimer’ (to like/love), and ‘habiter’ (to live). To conjugate, remove -er and add the endings: -e, -es, -e, -ons, -ez, -ent. For example, ‘parler’ → je parle, tu parles, il/elle/on parle, nous parlons, vous parlez, ils/elles parlent. This pattern is the key to expressing present actions.

大多数法语动词原形以 -er 结尾,如“parler”(说)、“aimer”(喜欢/爱)和“habiter”(居住)。变位时去掉 -er,加上词尾:-e, -es, -e, -ons, -ez, -ent。例如“parler” → je parle, tu parles, il/elle/on parle, nous parlons, vous parlez, ils/elles parlent。掌握这个模式是表达现在时动作的关键。


8. Negation with ne…pas | 否定式 ne…pas

To make a sentence negative, place ‘ne’ before the conjugated verb and ‘pas’ after it. If the verb starts with a vowel, ‘ne’ becomes ‘n”. Examples: ‘Je parle français.’ → ‘Je ne parle pas français.’ ; ‘Il a un chien.’ → ‘Il n’a pas de chien.’ Notice that ‘un/une/des’ often becomes ‘de’ after a negative, unless using ‘être’.

要将句子变为否定式,在变位动词前加“ne”,动词后加“pas”。如果动词以元音开头,“ne”缩合成“n’”。例如:“Je parle français.” → “Je ne parle pas français.”;“Il a un chien.” → “Il n’a pas de chien.”。注意否定句中“un/une/des”通常变为“de”,但与“être”连用时除外。


9. Forming Questions | 构成疑问句

There are three main ways to ask questions in French. 1) Raise your intonation: ‘Tu aimes le foot?’ 2) Add ‘Est-ce que’ at the start: ‘Est-ce que tu aimes le foot?’ 3) Inversion (swap subject and verb): ‘Aimes-tu le foot?’ In Year 7, focus on intonation and ‘Est-ce que’.

法语中构成疑问句主要有三种方式:1)提高语调:“Tu aimes le foot?” 2)在句首加“Est-ce que”:“Est-ce que tu aimes le foot?” 3)主谓倒装:“Aimes-tu le foot?”。Year 7 阶段重点掌握语调和“Est-ce que”提问法。


10. Adjectives and Agreement | 形容词及其性数配合

French adjectives change their form to match the gender and number of the noun they describe. Most add -e for feminine and -s for plural. For example: ‘un sac rouge’ (red bag) → ‘une robe rouge’ (red dress) – rouge stays the same as it already ends in -e. But ‘un chat noir’ → ‘une chatte noire’ ; ‘des chats noirs’. Position: most adjectives come after the noun, except common ones like ‘grand’, ‘petit’, ‘bon’, ‘joli’ which often come before.

法语形容词需要和所修饰的名词保持性数一致。大多数形容词在阴性时加 -e,复数时加 -s。例如:“un sac rouge”(红色包包)→ “une robe rouge”(红色连衣裙)——rouge 本身以 -e 结尾所以不变。但“un chat noir”(黑猫)→ “une chatte noire”;“des chats noirs”。位置方面,多数形容词放在名词后,但像“grand”“petit”“bon”“joli”等常用形容词通常放在名词前。


11. Numbers, Dates and Time | 数字、日期与时间表达

Knowing numbers 0–100 is essential. Key ones: 0 (zéro), 1 (un), 2 (deux), 3 (trois), 10 (dix), 20 (vingt), 30 (trente), 40 (quarante), 50 (cinquante), 60 (soixante). Watch out for 70 (soixante-dix), 80 (quatre-vingts), 90 (quatre-vingt-dix). For dates, use ‘le’ + number + month: ‘le 5 mai’. Time: ‘Quelle heure est-il?’ – ‘Il est deux heures.’ Add ‘et demie’ for half past, ‘et quart’ for quarter past.

掌握 0–100 的数字十分关键。重点:0 (zéro), 1 (un), 2 (deux), 3 (trois), 10 (dix), 20 (vingt), 30 (trente), 40 (quarante), 50 (cinquante), 60 (soixante)。注意 70 (soixante-dix), 80 (quatre-vingts), 90 (quatre-vingt-dix)。日期表达:用“le” + 数字 + 月份:“le 5 mai”(5月5日)。时间:“Quelle heure est-il?”(几点了?)——“Il est deux heures.”(两点)。半点加“et demie”,一刻加“et quart”。


12. Everyday Vocabulary Themes | 日常词汇主题

Build your vocabulary around familiar topics: Family (la famille) – mère, père, frère, sœur. School (l’école) – professeur, élève, livre, cahier. Hobbies (les loisirs) – jouer au foot, lire, écouter de la musique. Food (la nourriture) – pain, fromage, pomme, eau. Use flashcards with the article to remember gender.

围绕熟悉的主题积累词汇:家庭 (la famille)——mère(母亲), père(父亲), frère(兄弟), sœur(姐妹)。学校 (l’école)——professeur(老师), élève(学生), livre(书), cahier(练习本)。爱好 (les loisirs)——jouer au foot(踢足球), lire(阅读), écouter de la musique(听音乐)。食物 (la nourriture)——pain(面包), fromage(奶酪), pomme(苹果), eau(水)。制作闪卡时带上冠词,有助于记忆名词性别。


Published by TutorHao | French Revision Series | aleveler.com

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