📚 Year 7 CAIE Drama: Vocabulary and Terminology Quick-Reference Guide | Year 7 CAIE 戏剧：词汇术语速记指南
Mastering drama terminology is the first step to becoming a confident performer and a thoughtful audience member. This quick-reference guide covers the essential vocabulary you will encounter in Year 7 CAIE Drama lessons, from stage directions to performance evaluation. Read on to build a solid foundation for your creative journey.
掌握戏剧术语是成为自信的演员和有思想的观众的第一步。这本速记指南涵盖了你将在 Year 7 CAIE 戏剧课上遇到的核心词汇，从舞台方位到表演评估，助你为创意之旅打下坚实基础。
1. Stage Directions and Basic Movement | 舞台方位与基本动作
Stage directions are instructions that tell performers where to move on stage. These terms are always given from the actor’s perspective when facing the audience. So ‘stage right’ is the actor’s right, and ‘stage left’ is the actor’s left.
舞台方位是指示演员在舞台上向何处移动的指令。这些术语始终以演员面对观众时的视角为准。因此 “舞台右侧” 是演员的右边，“舞台左侧” 是演员的左边。
| Abbreviation | Full Term | Meaning | 含义 |
|---|---|---|---|
| DS | Downstage | The part of the stage closest to the audience. | 最靠近观众的部分。 |
| US | Upstage | The part of the stage farthest from the audience. | 离观众最远的部分。 |
| CS | Centre Stage | The middle area of the stage. | 舞台中间区域。 |
| SL | Stage Left | The left side of the stage from the actor’s point of view. | 以演员视角为准的左侧。 |
| SR | Stage Right | The right side of the stage from the actor’s point of view. | 以演员视角为准的右侧。 |
Enter: When an actor moves onto the stage from offstage.
上场：演员从场外移动到舞台上。
Exit: When an actor leaves the stage.
下场：演员离开舞台。
Cross: Moving from one area of the stage to another.
走位：从舞台的一个区域移动到另一区域。
Freeze: Holding a completely still pose to create a dramatic moment or tableau.
定格：保持完全静止的姿势，以创造戏剧性瞬间或造型。
2. The Elements of Drama | 戏剧元素
The elements of drama are the building blocks that playwrights, directors and performers use to create meaning and impact. Understanding these terms helps you analyse and devise your own work.
戏剧元素是剧作家、导演和演员用来创造意义和影响力的基石。理解这些术语有助于你分析作品并进行自主创作。
Plot: The sequence of events that make up the story, including the conflict and its resolution.
情节：构成故事的事件序列，包含冲突及其解决。
Character: A person, animal or figure portrayed in the drama.
角色：戏剧中塑造的人物、动物或形象。
Setting: The time and place where the action occurs.
场景设定：剧情发生的时间和地点。
Theme: The central idea, message or insight the drama explores.
主题：戏剧探讨的核心思想、信息或见解。
Conflict: A struggle between opposing forces that drives the plot forward.
冲突：推动情节发展的对立力量之间的斗争。
Dialogue: The spoken words exchanged between characters.
对白：角色之间交流的言语。
Tension: A sense of anticipation or anxiety that keeps the audience engaged.
张力：让观众保持期待的悬念或紧张感。
Mood/Atmosphere: The emotional feeling created by the performance and staging.
氛围：表演和舞台呈现所营造的情绪感受。
Spectacle: The visual elements of a production, including set, costume, lighting and special effects.
奇观/视觉效果：制作的视觉元素，包括布景、服装、灯光和特效。
3. Character Roles and Relationships | 角色类型与人际关系
Characters can take on different roles and relationships that shape how a story is told. Recognising these roles helps you understand the dynamics on stage.
角色可以承担不同的类型与关系，从而塑造故事的讲述方式。认识这些角色有助于你理解舞台上的动态关系。
Protagonist: The main character who drives the action, often facing a central challenge.
主角：推动剧情进展的主要角色，通常面临核心挑战。
Antagonist: The character or force that opposes the protagonist, creating conflict.
对手/反派：与主角对立的人物或力量，制造冲突。
Supporting character: A character who interacts with the main characters and helps develop the story.
配角：与主要角色互动并辅助推进故事的角色。
Narrator: A character who tells the story directly to the audience, sometimes stepping out of the action.
旁白/讲述者：直接向观众讲述故事的角色，有时会从剧情中抽离出来。
Ensemble: A group of performers working together, often playing multiple minor roles or creating a collective effect.
群舞/群演：共同表演的一组演员，经常扮演多个次要角色或创造集体效果。
4. Performance Skills – Voice | 表演技能——声音
A performer’s voice is a powerful tool for communicating character, emotion and meaning. Key vocal skills you will explore in Year 7 include:
演员的声音是传递角色、情感和意义的强大工具。你将在 7 年级学习的核心声音技能包括：
Pitch: How high or low your voice sounds. A higher pitch can suggest excitement, while a lower pitch may signal seriousness.
音高：声音听起来的高低程度。较高的音高可表现兴奋，较低的音高可能暗示严肃。
Pace: The speed at which you speak. Fast pace can show urgency; slow pace can build tension or sadness.
语速：说话的速度。语速快可表现紧张急迫；语速慢能营造张力或悲伤。
Volume: How loud or quiet your voice is. Projection is about making your voice fill the space without shouting.
音量：声音的大小。投射是指让声音充满整个空间而不必大喊大叫。
Tone: The emotional quality of your voice, such as warm, cold, sarcastic or frightened.
语气：声音的情感特质，如温暖、冷漠、讽刺或惊恐。
Articulation: Speaking clearly and pronouncing words precisely so the audience understands every word.
咬字：清晰地说出台词，准确发音，使观众听清每个字。
Pause: A deliberate stop in speech. Pauses can create suspense, show hesitation or emphasise a point.
停顿：说话中有意的中断。停顿可制造悬念、表现犹豫或强调重点。
5. Performance Skills – Body | 表演技能——身体
Physical expression brings a character to life. Your body language communicates just as much as your words.
身体表现能为角色赋予生命。你的肢体语言传达的信息不亚于台词。
Posture: The way you hold your body. A slouched posture may show tiredness, while an upright stance suggests confidence.
体态：身体保持的姿态。佝偻的姿态可能表现出疲惫，挺拔的体态暗示自信。
Gesture: A movement of part of the body, especially the hands, to express an idea or emotion.
手势：身体部位（尤其是手部）的动作，用于表达想法或情感。
Facial expression: Using your face to show feelings, such as a smile for happiness or a frown for confusion.
面部表情：用面部展示情绪，如微笑表示高兴，皱眉表示困惑。
Eye contact: When a performer looks at another character or the audience to create connection or intensity.
眼神交流：演员注视另一个角色或观众，以建立联系或增加紧张感。
Movement: How you travel across the stage, including speed, direction and energy.
舞台移动：你在舞台上行走的方式，包括速度、方向和能量。
Levels: The height at which you perform, such as standing, sitting, lying down or climbing onto a platform.
高度层次：表演时所处的高度，如站立、坐下、躺下或爬上平台。
6. Script and Play Structure | 剧本与戏剧结构
A play script is a written blueprint for a performance. Understanding its layout and structure allows you to interpret a playwright’s intentions.
戏剧剧本是表演的书面蓝图。理解其格式与结构能让你解读剧作家的意图。
Act: A major division of a play, often grouping several scenes that share a broad narrative arc.
幕：戏剧的主要部分，通常将共享一条大致故事线的若干场次归为一组。
Scene: A smaller unit of action within an act, usually taking place in one location and continuous time.
场：幕内更小的行动单元，通常发生在一个地点、一段连续时间内。
Stage directions: Instructions in the script, often in italics or brackets, that describe movement, setting, lighting or emotion.
舞台说明：剧本中的指示性文字，常用斜体或括号标出，描述动作、场景、灯光或情绪。
Character name: The name centred or placed before the dialogue to indicate who is speaking.
角色名：置于对白之前的名称，表示由谁说话。
Line: A single unit of speech spoken by a character.
台词行：角色说出的单个话语单位。
7. Speech and Dialogue Types | 台词类型
Characters can deliver lines in different ways to reveal thoughts, move the plot forward or connect with the audience. Knowing these forms helps you perform with greater insight.
角色可以用不同方式说出台词，以揭示思想、推进剧情或与观众建立联系。了解这些形式有助于你更深刻地表演。
Dialogue: A conversation between two or more characters. Dialogue is the most common way the story unfolds.
对白：两个或以上角色之间的对话。对白是剧情展开最常用的方式。
Monologue: A long speech delivered by one character while other characters may still be present on stage.
独白：由一个角色发表的长篇说话，其他角色可能仍在舞台上。
Soliloquy: A speech in which a character speaks their inner thoughts aloud, usually alone on stage, letting the audience know what they are truly feeling.
内心独白：角色通常独自在舞台上大声说出内心想法的台词，让观众了解其真实感受。
Aside: A short remark spoken directly to the audience, unheard by the other characters on stage.
旁白：直接对观众说的简短话语，舞台上的其他角色听不见。
8. Improvisation and Rehearsal Process | 即兴创作与排练过程
Drama is both planned and spontaneous. The vocabulary of the creative process will help you collaborate effectively in workshops and rehearsals.
戏剧既是计划好的，也是即兴的。创作过程的术语能帮助你在工作坊和排练中有效合作。
Improvisation:Published by TutorHao | Year 7 戏剧 Revision Series | aleveler.com
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