📚 Year 11 CCEA German: Exam Techniques & Marking Criteria | CCEA 德语：答题技巧与评分标准
Mastering the CCEA GCSE German examination requires more than just knowing vocabulary and grammar. Understanding the structure of each paper, knowing exactly what examiners look for in your answers, and applying proven techniques can make the difference between a pass and a top grade. This bilingual guide will walk you through every component: Listening, Reading, Writing, and Speaking, with a strong focus on the marking criteria used by CCEA examiners. By combining English explanations with Chinese translations for key ideas, we aim to support both classroom learners and self-studying candidates who need clarity in their home language.
想在 CCEA GCSE 德语考试中取得好成绩，仅靠背单词和语法是不够的。你需要理解每份试卷的结构，明确考官在答案中寻找的要点，并运用行之有效的答题技巧。这份双语指南将带你逐一拆解听力、阅读、写作与口语四大板块，并深入解析 CCEA 评分标准。我们用英文解释搭配中文翻译，既帮助课堂学习者巩固理解，也为自学考生提供母语支持。
1. Understanding the Exam Structure | 理解考试结构
The CCEA GCSE German qualification is divided into four units, each worth 25% of the final grade. Unit 1 is Listening, Unit 2 is Speaking, Unit 3 is Reading, and Unit 4 is Writing. Listening and Reading are externally assessed through written papers, while Speaking is a controlled assessment conducted by the teacher and externally moderated. Writing consists of two parts: a short written response in the target language and a translation from English into German. All units are tiered: Foundation Tier covers grades C–G, and Higher Tier covers grades A*–D.
CCEA 的 GCSE 德语分为四个单元，各占总成绩的 25%。单元一是听力，单元二为口语，单元三为阅读，单元四为写作。听力与阅读由外部统一命题与阅卷，而口语则由任课教师进行校内评估后送外部审核。写作包含两部分：德语短文写作以及将英语翻译成德语的题目。所有单元均分为基础层（对应 C–G 等级）和高级层（对应 A*–D 等级）。
All Listening and Reading papers include questions in both English and German. You may be asked to select the correct option, fill in gaps, or give short answers in German. Answers written in English must demonstrate precise comprehension of the German material. Writing tasks require sustained use of German across different time frames, using a range of vocabulary and structures. The Speaking test simulates real communication through a role-play, a presentation or picture-based discussion, and a general conversation.
所有听力和阅读试卷都包含英语和德语两种语言的问题。你可能需要选择题、填空或用德语简答。如果用英语作答，则必须准确体现对德语材料的理解。写作任务要求你在一段连贯的文本中运用多种时态和词汇结构。口语考试则通过角色扮演、图片讨论或陈述以及自由对话来模拟真实的交流场景。
2. Listening Comprehension Techniques | 听力理解技巧
Before the recording starts, read the questions carefully and underline key words. If a question is in English, decide what information you need from the German audio: a time, a place, a feeling, a number? For questions in German, pay attention to the interrogatives (wann, wo, warum, wie viel etc.). This pre-listening preparation primes your brain to filter relevant details.
在录音开始前，仔细阅读题目并划出关键词。如果问题是英语，预判你需要从德语录音中获取什么信息：时间、地点、感受还是数字？如果是德语问题，注意疑问词（例如 wann、wo、warum、wie viel 等）。这种听前准备能帮助大脑主动筛选关键信息。
During the first play, don’t panic if you miss a word. Focus on the gist and jot down brief notes or numbers. CCEA recordings are played twice; use the first listen to locate answers and the second to confirm them. For opinion-based questions, listen for adjectives like ‘langweilig’, ‘spannend’, ‘toll’, ‘furchtbar’ and intensifiers such as ‘sehr’ or ‘ziemlich’. Verbs of perception (ich finde, ich glaube, meiner Meinung nach) signal that a personal view is coming.
第一遍播放时，如果漏听某个词也不要慌张。抓住整体意思，快速记录数字或关键词。CCEA 听力录音播放两遍：第一遍定位答案，第二遍核对确认。遇到观点类问题，留意 ‘langweilig’（无聊）、’spannend’（刺激）、’toll’（棒极了）、’furchtbar’（糟糕）等形容词，以及 ‘sehr’（非常）、’ziemlich’（相当）等程度副词。表达看法的动词（ich finde、ich glaube、meiner Meinung nach）则预示着即将出现个人观点。
Beware of distractors: the speaker might first say one thing and then correct themselves (‘Nein, ich meine…’). Also watch out for negative constructions (nicht, kein, nie), which can completely reverse meaning. After the second play, transfer your answers neatly. If a question asks you to write in German, check your spelling and gender; an incorrect article might still lose a mark in comprehension tasks.
警惕干扰信息——说话者可能会先说了某个信息，然后又自我纠正（’Nein, ich meine…’ 不，我是说……）。还要注意否定结构（nicht、kein、nie），它们会完全翻转句子的意思。第二遍播放结束后，整洁地填写答案。如果题目要求用德语作答，检查拼写和名词词性；在理解类题目中，错误的冠词也可能导致失分。
3. Reading Comprehension Strategies | 阅读理解策略
Start by scanning the questions, exactly as you would for Listening. Identify whether the answer requires an English or German response – this affects how deeply you must analyse the text. For true/false or multiple-choice questions in English, only the information requested is relevant; avoid over-interpreting cultural background knowledge.
先快速浏览题目，就像准备听力时一样。判断答案需要用英语还是德语给出——这会直接影响你剖析文本的深度。对于英语判断对错或选择题，只需要提取题干指定的信息，不要过度依赖已有的文化背景知识。
When you encounter unfamiliar words, use context and cognates to deduce meaning. German and English share many roots (e.g., ‘Haus’ – house, ‘Freund’ – friend, ‘Information’ – information). If the word is a compound noun, break it down: ‘Handyvertrag’ = Handy (mobile phone) + Vertrag (contract). For longer texts, identify the tense (present, perfect, future) to understand when events happen; time phrases like ‘letztes Wochenende’ or ‘nächstes Jahr’ are valuable clues.
遇到生词时，利用上下文和同源词来推测意思。德语和英语有许多共同词根（如 ‘Haus’ 房子、’Freund’ 朋友、’Information’ 信息）。如果是复合名词，就拆分开来：’Handyvertrag’ = Handy（手机）+ Vertrag（合同）。对于长文本，先识别时态（现在时、完成时、将来时）以明确事件发生的时间；’letztes Wochenende’（上周末）或 ‘nächstes Jahr’（明年）这类时间短语是宝贵线索。
For German-answer questions, ensure your response is precise and grammatically minimal to avoid avoidable errors. If the text says ‘Ich bin mit dem Bus zur Schule gefahren’, and the question asks ‘Wie ist er zur Schule gefahren?’, answer ‘mit dem Bus’ – not a full sentence which might introduce a mistake. For questions requiring you to fill gaps in a German sentence, check that the inserted word fits both meaning and grammar (case endings, gender agreement).
对于需要用德语回答的问题，保持答案精准、语法尽量简单，以免引发不必要的错误。如果原文是 ‘Ich bin mit dem Bus zur Schule gefahren’，题目问 ‘Wie ist er zur Schule gefahren?’，只要回答 ‘mit dem Bus’ 即可，无需写出完整句子，避免引入新的错误。如果是填空补全句子的题目，要确保所填单词既符合语义，又满足语法要求（例如格结尾、词性一致）。
4. Writing: Task Types and Approaches | 写作：任务类型与应对方法
CCEA Unit 4 Writing has two sections. In Section A, you produce a short piece of writing of about 40–50 words (Foundation) or 80–90 words (Higher) in German, based on a stimulus such as a photo, a short text, or bullet points in English. Section B is a translation from English into German of around 35 words (Foundation) or 50–60 words (Higher). The translation tests a specific set of grammar points such as word order, tenses, modal verbs, and prepositions with the correct case.
CCEA 单元四写作分两部分。A 部分要求根据一张图片、一则短文或英语要点提示，用德语写一段约 40–50 词（基础层）或 80–90 词（高级层）的短文。B 部分是把一段约 35 词（基础层）或 50–60 词（高级层）的英语翻译成德语。翻译题着重考查语序、时态、情态动词以及带正确格的介词等关键语法点。
For the written production task, plan your content first. Ensure you include all bullet-pointed themes. Use a variety of structures: opinions (ich finde, dass…), reasons (weil, da), time phrases, and if possible, a subordinate clause with inverted word order. Even a short paragraph should show two or three tenses – present, perfect or future. For instance, ‘Normalerweise spiele ich Tennis, aber letztes Wochenende habe ich Fußball gespielt, und nächstes Mal werde ich hockey spielen.’
在短文写作部分，先把内容要点规划好。确保覆盖所有提示要点。使用多样化的结构：表达观点（ich finde, dass…）、给出理由（weil, da）、添加时间短语，并尽可能使用一个倒装语序的从句。即使是短段落，也应呈现两到三种时态——现在时、完成时或将来时。例如：’Normalerweise spiele ich Tennis, aber letztes Wochenende habe ich Fußball gespielt, und nächstes Mal werde ich Hockey spielen.’（通常我打网球，但上周末踢了足球，下次我会打曲棍球。）
When translating, work sentence by sentence. Pay particular attention to verb position in main clauses (verb second idea) and in subordinate clauses (verb at the end). If the English sentence uses ‘when’ or ‘if’, use ‘wenn’ and send the conjugated verb to the end. Double-check modal verb constructions: ‘I can play guitar’ becomes ‘Ich kann Gitarre spielen’, with the second verb as an infinitive at the end. Reread your translation to ensure it sounds natural and keeps the original meaning.
做翻译时逐句进行。特别留意主句中的动词位置（动词第二顺位）和从句中的动词位置（动词放句末）。如果英语句子用了 ‘when’ 或 ‘if’，要使用 ‘wenn’ 并将变位动词甩到句尾。再检查情态动词的结构：’I can play guitar’ 翻译为 ‘Ich kann Gitarre spielen’，其中第二个动词以原形置于句末。回头重读一遍，确保译文听起来自然且原意不变。
5. Speaking Exam: Role-plays, Picture-based Discussion, and Conversation | 口语考试：角色扮演、图片讨论与对话
The CCEA Speaking test (Unit 2) is in three parts. First, a role-play based on a stimulus card with an unpredictable element: you will be expected to ask a question or respond to an unprepared prompt. Second, a picture-based discussion or a presentation on a prepared topic, followed by questions. Third, a general conversation covering at least two different themes from the specification. The whole test lasts 7–12 minutes, and the teacher assesses your performance using CCEA’s grid of criteria.
CCEA 口语考试（单元二）分为三个环节。首先是基于提示卡的角色扮演，其中包含一项不可预测的内容——你要即兴提问或回应一个没有准备过的提示。其次是图片讨论或关于自选主题的陈述，之后会有追问。最后是自由对话，至少覆盖考纲中的两个不同主题。整个考试时长为 7–12 分钟，教师依据 CCEA 评分量表当场评分。
For the role-play, listen carefully to the teacher’s opening line and note the scenario. You have a short preparation time, but the unpredictable bullet point requires quick thinking. Learn a bank of useful question phrases: ‘Wie viel kostet…?’, ‘Um wie viel Uhr…?’, ‘Kann man hier…?’, ‘Gibt es…?’. If you don’t understand, you can ask ‘Können Sie das bitte wiederholen?’ – this counts as communication, not a mistake. Role-play marks reward successful completion of tasks, not lengthy sentences.
在角色扮演环节，仔细聆听教师的开场白并记牢场景。你会有短暂准备时间，但不可预测的部分需要快速反应。提前掌握一套实用提问句型：’Wie viel kostet…?’（……多少钱？）、’Um wie viel Uhr…?’（在几点？）、’Kann man hier…?’（这里可以……吗？）、’Gibt es…?’（有……吗？）。如果没听懂，可以问 ‘Können Sie das bitte wiederholen?’（请您重复一遍好吗？）——这属于有效的交际策略，不会被扣分。角色扮演看重任务是否完成，而非句子的长度。
For the picture discussion or presentation, describe what you see and extend with personal opinions or speculative ideas. Use phrases like ‘Auf dem Bild kann ich … sehen’, ‘Es könnte … sein’, ‘Ich würde sagen, dass…’. Then be prepared for follow-up questions. In the general conversation, aim to develop each answer with an opinion, a reason, and if possible, a contrasting view or an example in another tense. The best answers flow naturally rather than sounding rehearsed.
在图片讨论或陈述中，描述所见内容并加入个人观点或推测。使用 ‘Auf dem Bild kann ich … sehen’（在图片上我可以看到……）、’Es könnte … sein’（这可能是……）、’Ich würde sagen, dass…’（我会说……）等表达。然后准备好回答后续提问。在自由对话中，每个回答最好都包含一个观点、一个理由，并尽可能加入对比看法或另一种时态的实例。最理想的回答听起来自然流畅，而不是机械背诵。
6. Marking Criteria for Writing | 写作评分标准
CCEA assesses Writing on two main dimensions: Content and Quality of Language. Content covers relevance to the task, coverage of bullet points, and overall communication; Quality of Language considers range of vocabulary, grammatical accuracy, and complexity of structures. Each dimension is marked on a 0–5 scale for Foundation, or 0–6 for Higher, with descriptors that describe what a typical candidate at that level can do.
CCEA 从两个核心维度评估写作：内容与语言质量。内容维度评估任务相关性、提示点的覆盖程度以及整体交际效果；语言质量维度则考察词汇广度、语法准确性和结构复杂度。基础层每个维度按 0–5 计分，高级层按 0–6 计分，每个分数段都有具体的能力描述。
For a top mark in Content (5 or 6), the response must be fully relevant, detailed, and fully developed, with all bullet points addressed expansively. The text should read as a coherent paragraph. For Quality of Language, the highest band requires confident use of a wide variety of vocabulary and structures, including different tenses, subordinate clauses, and idiomatic expressions, with errors only in occasional minor slips that do not impede communication. Simply writing safely with no mistakes but limited range will not gain top marks.
要想在内容上获得高分（5 或 6 分），答案必须完全契合任务要求，细节丰富，充分展开，并且所有要点都得到延展性回应。整段文字应当连贯流畅。在语言质量上，最高分段要求自信地运用丰富多样的词汇和结构，包括不同时态、从句以及地道的表达，错误仅偶尔轻微，不影响交际。如果只是稳妥地写出无错误但范围狭窄的句子，是无法获得最高分的。
Examiners also reward successful use of translation-required grammar: correct relative pronouns, comparative and superlative forms, time expressions with dative and accusative prepositions, and correct positions of ‘nicht’ for negation. Direct translation of English idioms without adaptation (e.g., ‘es macht Sinn’ instead of ‘es ist sinnvoll’) can signal a less natural command of German and may compromise the Quality of Language mark.
考官还会奖励翻译中必需的语法点运用：正确的关系代词、比较级与最高级、与第三格和第四格连用的时间介词，以及 ‘nicht’ 否定的正确位置。若直接将英语习语生硬对应而不做调整（如用 ‘es macht Sinn’ 替代德语本族语者更常用的 ‘es ist sinnvoll’），则会暴露出语言不够自然，从而影响语言质量得分。
7. Marking Criteria for Speaking | 口语评分标准
Speaking is assessed on two equally important scales: Communication and Quality of Language. Communication evaluates the candidate’s ability to convey messages, interact effectively, and sustain conversation. Quality of Language scrutinises the range and accuracy of the German used. Each scale has five mark levels (0–5) for Foundation and six (0–6) for Higher. The overall mark is the sum of the two.
口语评分同样依据两个同等重要的量表：交际与语言质量。交际评估考生传达信息、有效互动以及延续对话的能力；语言质量则审视所使用德语的广度与准确度。基础层每个量表分 0–5 级，高级层分 0–6 级，总分由两者相加得出。
To achieve high Communication marks, you must go beyond simple one-word answers. Ask questions back to the teacher, express surprise, agreement, or slight disagreement naturally. Use fillers (‘also’, ‘na ja’, ‘ehrlich gesagt’) to maintain flow. If you forget a word, describing it (‘das Gegenteil von groß’ – the opposite of big) demonstrates communication skill. A high-scoring candidate initiates parts of the conversation and handles unpredictable elements calmly, even if small inaccuracies occur.
要拿到高交际分，就必须跳出单字回答。要向教师回问问题，自然表达惊讶、赞同或轻微异议。用 ‘also’（那么）、’na ja’（好吧）、’ehrlich gesagt’（老实说）等话语填充词保持语言流利。如果一时忘词，用描述代替（如 ‘das Gegenteil von groß’ ——大的反义词）恰恰体现了交际策略。高分考生能够主动发起话题，并沉着应对不可预测的提问，哪怕出现小的语言偏差也无妨。
For Quality of Language in the top band, you need to display a good stock of topic-specific vocabulary and the ability to use past, present, and future time frames with reasonable accuracy. Verb conjugations, word order in subordinate clauses, and case endings after prepositions are expected to be largely correct. Pronunciation and intonation should be clear and rarely obscure meaning. Grammar errors that hinder understanding (e.g., wrong tense causing a timeline confusion) will pull you down; an occasional missed gender does not ruin the overall impression if communication remains clear.
要在语言质量上获得最高档，你需要展示丰富的主题词汇，并能以较高的准确度运用过去、现在和将来时态。动词变位、从句语序、介词后的格结尾等应在大多数情况下正确。语音语调应清晰，极少阻碍理解。如果语法错误严重到影响理解（如错用时态导致时间线混乱），分数就会下降；偶尔遗漏名词词性，只要不影响清晰交际，就不会破坏整体印象。
8. Common Pitfalls and How to Avoid Them | 常见错误及避免方法
A frequent mistake in Listening and Reading is writing full sentences when only a word or phrase is required, wasting time and risking extra spelling or grammatical errors. Stick to the minimum needed to satisfy the question. Another pitfall is answering in the wrong language; if the instruction says ‘Answer in English’, write in English, even if you understand the German perfectly. Ignoring this can nullify the entire response.
听力和阅读中一个常见错误是写出完整句子，而题目其实只需一个词或短语，不仅浪费时间，还可能因多出拼写或语法错误被扣分。坚持只写满足题目要求的最简内容。另一个易错点是回答时用错了语言；如果题目说明 ‘Answer in English’，那么即便你对德语理解得非常透彻，也要用英语作答。忽略这一要求可能导致整个应得分付之东流。
In Writing and Speaking, many candidates over-complicate sentences to impress, but the result is often a garbled message. Prioritise clarity over complexity. A well-controlled sentence with a modal verb and a time phrase is more effective than a long chain of subordinate clauses full of errors. Also, watch out for false friends: ‘bekommen’ means ‘to receive’, not ‘to become’ (that’s ‘werden’). ‘Aktuell’ means ‘current’, not ‘actual’. ‘Gift’ means ‘poison’, not ‘a present’. A list of these should become part of your regular revision.
在写作和口语中，许多考生为了出彩而过度复杂化句子，最后反而表达不清。清晰应优先于复杂。一个带有情态动词和时间短语且正确无误的句子，远比一长串满纸错误的从句来得有效。此外，提防假朋友（false friends）：’bekommen’ 意为“得到”，不是“变成”（那是 ‘werden’）；’aktuell’ 是“当前的”，不是“实际的”；’Gift’ 是“毒药”，不是“礼物”。应当将这些易混淆词列入常规复习的一部分。
Time management is often overlooked. In the Listening exam, you cannot control the audio speed; don’t get stuck on one question and miss the next. In Writing, allocate around 15–20 minutes for the passage and 10–15 minutes for the translation, leaving time to proofread. In Speaking, a pause of two seconds is acceptable; use it to collect your thoughts instead of blurting out the first half-formed phrase.
时间管理常被忽视。听力考试无法控制音频播放速度，不要在一个问题上卡住而错过下一题。写作中，建议用 15–20 分钟完成短文，10–15 分钟完成翻译，留出时间检查。口语中，停顿两秒是可以接受的；利用这片刻来组织思绪，而不是不假思索地蹦出未经组织的半句话。
9. Vocabulary and Grammar Essentials | 词汇与语法重点
CCEA grammar requirements include three tenses (present, perfect, future with ‘werden’), modal verbs in present and imperfect subjunctive (könnte, sollte), comparative and superlative, prepositions with dative and accusative, word order in main and subordinate clauses, and adjective endings after definite and indefinite articles. Rather than learning rules in isolation, practise by creating sentences that combine several of these points.
CCEA 语法考点涵盖三种时态（现在时、完成时、带 ‘werden’ 的将来时）、情态动词的现在时和虚拟式（如 könnte、sollte）、比较级与最高级、支配第三格和第四格的介词、主从句语序，以及定冠词和不定冠词后的形容词词尾变化。与其孤立地记规则，不如通过造句练习把多个语法点串联起来。
The specification provides a core vocabulary list, but you should expand it with synonyms and topic-specific terms for higher marks. For identity and culture, learn words for family members, descriptions, daily routine, and social media. For local area and travel, master directions, transport, weather, and accommodation. For school and future plans, be able to talk about subjects, school rules, career aspirations, and work experience. Create character-linked mind maps: ‘Mein idealer Schultag’, ‘Mein Traumberuf’, ‘Ein unvergesslicher Urlaub’ – then record yourself speaking from the map.
考纲提供了核心词汇表，但为拿高分，你应拓展近义表达和主题相关术语。在身份与文化主题下，掌握家庭成员、人物描述、日常作息和社交媒体相关词汇；在周边环境与旅行主题下，熟练运用指路、交通、天气和住宿等词汇；在学校与未来计划主题下，能谈论学科、校规、职业理想和实习经历。可以制作以角色为中心的主题思维导图，例如 ‘Mein idealer Schultag’（我理想的上学日）、’Mein Traumberuf’（我梦想的职业）、’Ein unvergesslicher Urlaub’（一次难忘的假期），然后对着导图录音练习。
Avoid the trap of using only the present tense; narrating a past event or a future plan in every response shows control. Even simple language like ‘Gestern bin ich ins Kino gegangen’ or ‘Nächstes Jahr werde ich meine Großeltern besuchen’ reassures the examiner that you can handle time frames. Finally, learn a handful of ready-made subordinating conjunctions (weil, obwohl, damit, wenn) and the structure they trigger – they are your ticket to higher Quality of Language marks.
不要陷入只用现在时的陷阱；在每次回答中至少叙述一个过去事件或未来计划，能展现时态掌控力。哪怕是简单的 ‘Gestern bin ich ins Kino gegangen’（昨天我去了电影院）或 ‘Nächstes Jahr werde ich meine Großeltern besuchen’（明年我去看望祖父母），都会让考官确信你具备时间框架运用能力。最后，掌握一把常用从属连词（weil, obwohl, damit, wenn）及其引发的从句结构——它们是拉高语言质量得分的利器。
10. Time Management and Exam Day Tips | 时间管理与考试当天建议
In the Listening exam, use the pre-play pauses to read ahead; you will be told exactly how long you have. Mark your answers on the question paper first, then transfer at the end if time allows – but be careful to do so accurately. Don’t leave any multiple-choice items blank; a logical guess is better than no attempt. For the Reading paper, spend roughly one minute per mark: a 30-mark paper gives you about 30 minutes (excluding extra time for some candidates). Keep an eye on the clock and move on if a text is taking too long; you can always return to it.
在听力考试中，利用播放间隙提前浏览后面的题目；考官会告知明确的准备时长。先把答案标在试题册上，录音结束后若有时间再誊写，不过一定要抄写准确。所有选择题都不要留白，有根据的猜测总好过空白。阅读部分大致按照每分钟得一分来分配时间：一份 30 分的卷子可用约 30 分钟完成（有特殊安排者除外）。留意时间，倘若某篇文章耗时太长，果断跳过，之后还可回头补答。
For the Writing paper, bring a highlighter to mark key words in the translation passage – things like ‘yesterday’, ‘next week’, ‘can’, ‘must’ will remind you to adjust tenses or use modal verbs. Plan your essay draft on the question booklet before writing on the answer sheet. For the Speaking test, arrive early so you can settle your nerves. Wear something comfortable, have a small sip of water if allowed, and remind yourself that the teacher-examiner wants you to do well. If your mind goes blank, buy time with ‘Lassen Sie mich überlegen…’ or ‘Das ist eine interessante Frage…’.
参加写作考试时，带一支荧光笔以便标出翻译段落关键词，如 ‘yesterday’、’next week’、’can’、’must’，它们会提醒你相应调整时态或使用情态动词。先在试卷上草拟短文框架，再往答题纸上正式书写。口语考试当天提早到场，让自己定定神。穿着舒适，必要时抿一小口水，并告诉自己考官是希望你顺利发挥的。如果一时语塞，用 ‘Lassen Sie mich überlegen…’（让我想一想……）或 ‘Das ist eine interessante Frage…’（这是个有趣的问题……）来争取缓冲时间。
After the exams, refrain from post-mortem analysis with classmates that might shake your confidence for the next paper. Instead, note what went well and what you can refine before the next sitting. Every paper is a fresh opportunity, and marks are awarded for what you do right, not deducted for what you omit. Maintain a positive mindset and trust the techniques you have practised.
考完一科后，不要和同学反复讨论细节，以免动摇自己迎接下一科考试的信心。记录下哪些地方做得好，哪些地方还可以在下一场考试前调整。每份试卷都是全新的机会，评分是累积正确点，而不是扣分制惩罚遗漏。保持积极心态，相信你平时磨练出的技巧。
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